In this paper we will present a formal grammar for the topology description of modular robot organisms. This grammar is a set of production rules for the Robot Formation Language, which is also used to describe the fo...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781632665133
In this paper we will present a formal grammar for the topology description of modular robot organisms. This grammar is a set of production rules for the Robot Formation Language, which is also used to describe the formation of robot swarms. We will show that this formal language is general enough to describe every possible structure of any modular robot organism. Moreover, we will present several scenarios where the RFL is in use to underline its usability in different domains of applications, such as for evolving robot organisms, learning gaits of such organism, planning reconfiguration of an organism and manual control of an organism.
In this paper, a PD controller which uses optical flow to obtain position and velocity feedback is proposed for the autonomous hovering flight control of a nano quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV). The nano quadrot...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479947249
In this paper, a PD controller which uses optical flow to obtain position and velocity feedback is proposed for the autonomous hovering flight control of a nano quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV). The nano quadrotor UAV has a mass less than 100 g and is comparatively much smaller than the micro vehicles utilized in previous research. Due to the limited size and payload ability, a wireless camera is employed as the onboard visual device to obtain the position and translational velocity of the UAV. Experiment results are included to demonstrate the good control performance of the proposed design.
In this paper, an effective motion comparison method based on segmented multi-joint line graphs combined with the SIFT feature matching method is proposed. Firstly, the multi-joint 3D motion data are captured using th...
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The wind is the main factor to influence the propagation of gas in the atmosphere. Therefore, the wind signal obtained by anemometer will provide us valuable clues for searching gas leakage sources. In this paper, the...
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In traditional biomechanical analysis of upper limb, the high-precision motion data and lifelike human models are needed. It is obvious that those processes are costly and time-consuming. In this paper, a novel and si...
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In robot assisted minimally invasive surgery, flexible instruments are a highly interesting research topic, as they promise more flexibility and new possibilities for surgical interventions. Shape sensors are needed i...
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In robot assisted minimally invasive surgery, flexible instruments are a highly interesting research topic, as they promise more flexibility and new possibilities for surgical interventions. Shape sensors are needed in order to retrieve information about the geometry and especially the tip position of the instrument. Those shape sensors are usually based on Fiber Bragg Gratings. In contrast to other research groups, which e.g. use nitinol wires as a core for their fibers, we follow the approach of casting the fibers in soft materials. For our latest prototype, a special ORMOCER® material has been used, which is an inorganic-organic hybridpolymer with adjustable properties. The fabrication of the sensor is described in detail. The reproducibility of the wavelength measurements has been validated for several shapes, proving the reasonableness of our approach.
In the last 20 years many approaches for the registration and localization of surfaces were developed. Most of them generate solutions by minimizing point distances or maximizing contact areas between surface points. ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479976867
In the last 20 years many approaches for the registration and localization of surfaces were developed. Most of them generate solutions by minimizing point distances or maximizing contact areas between surface points. Other algorithms try to detect corresponding points on the two surfaces by searching for points with same features and align them. However, aligning and localizing self-similar surfaces or surfaces having large regions with approximately constant curvature is still a complex problem.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) guided laser cochleostomy enables the ablation accuracy on tens of micrometer scale and therefore also requires a high patient tracking accuracy on the same order of magnitude, which...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479957378
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) guided laser cochleostomy enables the ablation accuracy on tens of micrometer scale and therefore also requires a high patient tracking accuracy on the same order of magnitude, which however exceeds the ability of the conventional optical or electromagnetic tracking systems. We have developed a novel approach of using OCT itself as a highly accurate optical tracking system by ablating tiny artificial landmarks surrounding the cochleostomy on the target bone surface and locating them in the online acquired 3D OCT Volumes. The mechanism enables a direct tracking of the target area with respect to the laser optics while the conventional systems rely on indirect tracking of the markers or sensors attached to the regions of interest. The new approach has achieved an overall tracking accuracy of 22.8±14.9μm (mean absolute error) and 27.2μm (root mean square), which is one order of magnitude higher than the conventional tracking system-based setups.
In this paper we present a novel approach for intuitive telemanipulation in Cartesian space and discuss the results of a user study evaluating different aspects of our approach. The proposed method inhibits certain de...
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In this paper we present a novel approach for intuitive telemanipulation in Cartesian space and discuss the results of a user study evaluating different aspects of our approach. The proposed method inhibits certain degrees of freedom based on the current viewpoint. Together with automatic mapping of the input device to corresponding motion axes, our approach provides a very intuitive method for controlling the telemanipulation system while reducing the mental workload of the operator and therefore the amount of erroneous commands. Similar principles apply for controlling the viewpoint of real or virtual cameras to facilitate manipulation or navigation tasks.
In our paper we present a generic modeling and inference scheme for spatially resolved reasoning about situations, activities and states of distributed objects in a 3D scene, using an ontology based on the Web Ontolog...
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In our paper we present a generic modeling and inference scheme for spatially resolved reasoning about situations, activities and states of distributed objects in a 3D scene, using an ontology based on the Web Ontology Language. As a basis for classification and local object related inference, assertions about the object and assigned activities are used. In addition, our approach exploits context driven object hierarchy knowledge, where local and object dependent situational information is used for inference on higher object hierarchy levels. This propagation scheme enriches and augments the local deductive reasoning and allows for the injection of asserted activity knowledge for only a subset of the scene objects, while local reasoning can still be performed on higher levels under contextual assumptions. For the motivation and illustration of the applicability and usefulness of our approach, we apply it to human-robot interaction and collaboration scenarios in the industrial domain. A synthetic representation of a shared workspace serves thereby as the basis for the modeling of local object contexts for situational reasoning.
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