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CrowdWatcher: an open-source platform to catch the eye of the crowd

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Quality and User Experience 2019年第1期4卷 1-17页

作者： Lebreton, Pierre Hupont, Isabelle Hirth, Matthias Mäki, Toni Skodras, Evangelos Schubert, Anton Raake, Alexander Group of Networked Sensing and Control (NeSC) Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Institute of Intelligent Systems and Robotics Sorbonne University Paris France User-Centric Analysis of Multimedia Data Group Technische Universität Ilmenau Ilmenau Germany Department of Computer Science Aalto University Espoo Finland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Patras Patras Greece Audio Visual Technology Group Technische Universität Ilmenau Ilmenau Germany

This paper presents the open-source eye tracking platform CrowdWatcher. It enables researchers to measure gaze location and user engagement in a crowdsourcing context through traditional RGB webcams. The proposed platform particularly advances the field of Quality of Experience (QoE) research, as it allows the experimenter to collect remotely and with very limited effort novel information from crowds of participants, such as their commitment towards a task, attention and decision-making processes. Two different experiments are described that were conducted to demonstrate the platform’s potential. The first experiment addresses the measurement of participants’ behavior while performing a movie selection task. Results show that the platform provides complementary information to traditional self-reported data by taking gaze analysis into account. This is of particular relevance, since in a crowdsourcing context decision processes and attention are difficult to assess, and there is often limited control over the engagement of the test user with the task. A second experiment is conducted in the scenario of a multimedia QoE test. Prediction accuracy is compared to a professional infrared eye tracker. While CrowdWatcher performs less well than the professional eye tracker, it is still able to collect valuable gaze information in the far more challenging environment of crowdsourcing. As an outlook to further application domains, the usage of the platform to measure user engagement allows participants who do not pay attention to the task to be identified.

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Variable population memetic search: A case study on the critical node problem

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Zhou, Yangming Hao, Jin-Kao Fu, Zhang-Hua Wang, Zhe Lai, Xiangjing School of Information Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai200237 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes Ministry of Education Department of Computer Science LERIA Université d'Angers 2 Boulevard Lavoisier Angers49045 France Institut Universitaire de France 1 rue Descartes Paris75231 France Robotics Laboratory for Logistics Service Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen518172 China Institute of Advanced Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210023 China

Population-based memetic algorithms have been successfully applied to solve many difficult combinatorial problems. Often, a population of fixed size was used in such algorithms to record some best solutions sampled during the search. However, given the particular features of the problem instance under consideration, a population of variable size would be more suitable to ensure the best search performance possible. In this work, we propose variable population memetic search (VPMS), where a strategic population sizing mechanism is used to dynamically adjust the population size during the memetic search process. Our VPMS approach starts its search from a small population of only two solutions to focus on exploitation, and then adapts the population size according to the search status to continuously influence the balancing between exploitation and exploration. We illustrate an application of the VPMS approach to solve the challenging critical node problem (CNP). We show that the VPMS algorithm integrating a variable population, an effective local optimization procedure (called diversified late acceptance search) and a backbone-based crossover operator performs very well compared to state-of-the-art CNP algorithms. The algorithm is able to discover new upper bounds for 13 instances out of the 42 popular benchmark instances, while matching 23 previous best-known upper bounds. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Population statistics

Heat Transfer Optimization of end Winding Rotor Generator by the Use of Modified Axial Spacer: A Case Study

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1845卷

作者： Y Baskoro I Jaya A Glowacz M Sulowicz W Caesarendra PT Indonesia Power Indonesia Department of Automatic Control and Robotics AGH University of Science and Technology 30-059 Kraków Poland Institute of Electromechanical Energy Conversion Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cracow University of Technology Warszawska 24 31-155 Cracow Poland Faculty of Integrated Technologies Universiti Brunei Darussalam Jalan Tungku Link Gadong BE1410 Brunei Darussalam

This paper presents a case study of a rotor fault occurring in the rotor generator of a steam power plant located in Lontar, Banten Province, Indonesia. The steam power plant has 3 x 315 MV capacity and uses hydrogen in the cooling system. The issue arising during the operation was caused by heat transfer exceeding the normal level. The grounding of the rotor occurred through rising vibration and temperature, tripping the generator unit. During repairs, the axial spacer was replaced with a new model, where it is longer than the original, adding a bar spacer at a previously unavailable position and creating a cooling track profile. This is a case study on the replacement of the axial spacer model aimed at preventing the expansion of the winding, so as not to touch with each other, through the installation of a longer axial spacer and the addition of the spacer bar, and lastly adding the track profile to the cooling hydrogen gas flow thereby maximizing the cooling process from the end winding rotor generator. Heat transfer is an analysed parameter related to the model change of the axial spacer. The addition of a track cooling gas flow has been able to maximize the heat transfer process, which is simulated in this paper. The performance of the rotor generator increased through several parameters after the replacement of the axial spacer model.

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Results of a pilot experiment on monitoring the condition of buildings and structures using unmanned aerial vehicles

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2021年第1期939卷

作者： M Yu Narkevich O S Logunova P I Kalandarov A N Kalitaev G V Tokmazov P Yu Romanov O Alimov Department of Design of Buildings and Building Structures Magnitogorsk State Technical University named after G.I. Nosov Magnitogorsk Russia Department of Computer Engineering and Programming Magnitogorsk State Technical University named after G.I. Nosov Magnitogorsk Russia Department of Automation and Control of Technological Process and Production Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers Tashkent Uzbekistan Department of Higher Mathematics Admiral F.F. Ushakov State Maritime University Novorossiysk Russia Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Magnitogorsk State Technical University named after G.I. Nosov Magnitogorsk Russia Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute Jizzakh Uzbekistan

The purpose of the experimental study presented in the paper is to generate new knowledge about the possibility of using unmanned aerial vehicles to survey buildings and structures for subsequent extraction of information about their condition in hard-to-reach or remote places. As objects for the pilot experiment, the following were selected: a residential building in an urban environment that has been destroyed during operation; an object of unfinished construction; a roadway on the carriageway. An unmanned aerial vehicle of the model: DJI Mavic Air was used to survey the objects. The results of the study of objects are recorded in the form of photo and video streams for each object. Comparison of the results of the inspection of objects by experts and unmanned aerial vehicles showed the possibility and necessity of using new means to collect information about the condition of buildings and structures. The primary processing of the obtained images revealed their features: the effect of illumination on the color characteristics of the object of study; the presence of a textural component that complicates the process of separating the defect from the background; the presence of objects in the image that are not related to the elements of surface destruction; the change in the initial size of the object over time. The detected features of the images allow the use of standard algorithms and processing and require the synthesis of unique trajectories of their application.

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Accurate Object Recognition for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Electric Power Inspection using an Improved YOLOv2 Algorithm

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Accurate Object Recognition for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Elec...

IEEE International Conference on Data science in Cyberspace (DSC)

作者： Qiang Chen Yunyuan Gao Yun Peng Jianhai Zhang Ke Sun Intelligent Control & Robotics Institute Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston Houston United States School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China Hangzhou Chuangjiang Information Technology Co. Ltd. Hangzhou China

With the growing application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in the electric power inspection, there is an increasing demand for accurate recognition of power tower components from a large number of pictures and videos. Traditional machine learning methods require feature extraction of, such as edge, color, texture, etc., are not suitable for the complex scene of the UAV electric power inspection. The end-to-end object detection algorithm YOLOv2, offers overall high recognition accuracy and speed, but is less so in recognizing small targets . In this study, the YOLOv2 was improved by: 1)adding an additional passthrough layer to the original network to fuse more fine-grained features to improve the recognition capability for small targets, and 2) removing the redundant convolutional layers and reducing the number of the filters in the middle convolutional layers to simplify the network structure. The datasets are from Multi-rotor UAV inspection of high voltage transmission lines. Three types of power tower components including the tower, tower base, and signs are selected as recognition targets. Results showed that the mean average precision (mAP) of the improved model for three types of target recognition was increased to 98.19%, higher than that of the original one, and the recognition speed was increased by 35%.

关键词： Conferences Data science Cyberspace

Exponential convergence for distributed smooth optimization under the restricted secant inequality condition

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Yi, Xinlei Zhang, Shengjun Yang, Tao Johansson, Karl H. Chai, Tianyou Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm100 44 Sweden Department of Electrical Engineering University of North Texas DentonTX76203 United States State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China

This paper considers the distributed smooth optimization problem in which the objective is to minimize a global cost function formed by a sum of local smooth cost functions, by using local information exchange. The standard assumption for proving exponential/linear convergence of first-order methods is the strong convexity of the cost functions, which does not hold for many practical applications. In this paper, we first show that the continuous-time distributed primal-dual gradient algorithm converges to one global minimizer exponentially under the assumption that the global cost function satisfies the restricted secant inequality condition. This condition is weaker than the strong convexity condition since it does not require convexity and the global minimizers are not necessary to be unique. We then show that the discrete-time distributed primal-dual algorithm constructed by using the Euler's approximation method converges to one global minimizer linearly under the same condition. The theoretical results are illustrated by numerical simulations. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Continuous time systems

Spectral design of robust delayed resonator by double-root assignment

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2018年第14期51卷 72-77页

作者： Kue, Matj Vyhlídal, Tomá Michiels, Wim Boussaada, Islam Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Czech Institute of Informatics Robotics and Cybernetics Czech Technical University in Prague Technická 4 Prague 6 16000 Czech Republic Department of Computer Science KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200A HeverleeB-3001 Belgium L2S-CNRS Universite Paris Saclay CentraleSupelec-Universite Paris Sud 3 rue Joliot-Curie Gif-sur-Yvette cedex91192 France

A robust alternative of the delayed resonator is proposed using a spectral approach. By double root assignment at the excitation frequency which is employed to widening the stop-band in the active absorber frequency response, the performance sensitivity to the mismatch between the design and true excitation frequency is considerably decreased. Additionally the overall scheme is supplemented by a control loop which improves the stability margin. The design is validated by simulations and the results are compared with the classical delayed resonator. © 2018

关键词： Resonators Frequency response Robust control Absorber frequency Acceleration feedback Active vibration controls Double root assignment Excitation frequency Performance sensitivity Spectral methods Stability margins

Linear convergence of first- And zeroth-order primal-dual algorithms for distributed nonconvex optimization

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Yi, Xinlei Zhang, Shengjun Yang, Tao Chai, Tianyou Johansson, Karl H. Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Kth Royal Institute of Technology Digital Futures Stockholm100 44 Sweden Department of Electrical Engineering University of North Texas DentonTX76203 United States State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China

This paper considers the distributed nonconvex optimization problem of minimizing a global cost function formed by a sum of local cost functions by using local information *** first propose a distributed first-order primal-dual algorithm. We show that it converges sublinearly to a stationary point if each local cost function is smooth and linearly to a global optimum under an additional condition that the global cost function satisfies the Polyak-Lojasiewicz condition. This condition is weaker than strong convexity, which is a standard condition for proving linear convergence of distributed optimization algorithms, and the global minimizer is not necessarily unique. Motivated by the situations where the gradients are unavailable, we then propose a distributed zeroth-order algorithm, derived from the proposed distributed first-order algorithm by using a deterministic gradient estimator, and show that it has the same convergence properties as the proposed first-order algorithm under the same conditions. The theoretical results are illustrated by numerical simulations. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost functions

Human intention estimation based on hidden Markov model motion validation for safe flexible robotized warehouses

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Petković, Tomislav Puljiz, David Marković, Ivan Hein, Björn University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Department of Control and Computer Engineering Laboratory for Autonomous Systems and Mobile Robotics Unska 3 ZagrebHR-10000 Croatia Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics Intelligent Process Automation and Robotics Lab Kaiserstraße 12 Deutschland KarlsruheDE-76131

With the substantial growth of logistics businesses the need for larger warehouses and their automation arises, thus using robots as assistants to human workers is becoming a priority. In order to operate efficiently and safely, robot assistants or the supervising system should recognize human intentions in real-time. Theory of mind (ToM) is an intuitive human conception of other humans' mental state, i.e., beliefs and desires, and how they cause behavior. In this paper we propose a ToM based human intention estimation algorithm for flexible robotized warehouses. We observe human's, i.e., worker's motion and validate it with respect to the goal locations using generalized Voronoi diagram based path planning. These observations are then processed by the proposed hidden Markov model framework which estimates worker intentions in an online manner, capable of handling changing environments. To test the proposed intention estimation we ran experiments in a real-world laboratory warehouse with a worker wearing Microsoft Hololens augmented reality glasses. Furthermore, in order to demonstrate the scalability of the approach to larger warehouses, we propose to use virtual reality digital warehouse twins in order to realistically simulate worker behavior. We conducted intention estimation experiments in the larger warehouse digital twin with up to 24 running robots. We demonstrate that the proposed framework estimates warehouse worker intentions precisely and in the end we discuss the experimental results. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Virtual reality