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IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops, SASOW

作者： Payam Zahadat Michael Bodi Ziad Salem Frank Bonnet Marcelo Elias De Oliveira Francesco Mondada Karlo Griparic Tomislav Haus Stjepan Bogdan Rob Mills Pedro Mariano Luis Correia Olga Kernbach Serge Kernbach Thomas Schmickl Artificial Life Laboratory of the Department of Zoology Karl-Franzens University Graz Austria Computer Engineering Department Aleppo University Syrian Arab Republic Rbotic Systems Laboratory Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Lausanne Switzerland Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Lausanne VD CH Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Laboratory for Robotics and Intelligent Control Systems Zagreb Croatia Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Lisboa PT Cybertronica Research Research Center of Advanced Robotics and Environmental Science Stuttgart Germany

The goal of the work presented here is to influence the overall behaviour of specific animal societies by integrating computational mechatronic devices (robots) into those societies. To do so, these devices should be accepted by the animals aspart of the society and/or as part of the collectively formed environment. For that, we have developed two sets of robotic hardware for integrating into societies of two different animals: zebra fish and young honeybees. We also developed mechanisms to provide feedback from the behaviours of societies for the controllers of the robotic system. Two different computational methods are then used as the controllers of the robots in simulation and successfully adapted by evolutionary algorithms to influence the simulated animals for desired behaviours. Together, these advances in mechatronic hardware, feedback mechanisms, and controller methodology are laying essential foundations to facilitate experiments on modulating self-organised behaviour in mixed animal -- robot societies.

关键词： Animals Heating Vibrations Robot sensing systems Hardware Biochemistry

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Underwater Target Positioning with a Single Acoustic Sensor

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2013年第33期46卷 233-238页

作者： D. Moreno-Salinas A.M. Pascoal J. Aranda Department of Computer Science and Automatic Control National University Distance Education (UNED) Spain Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Engineering and Science (LARSyS) Instituto Superior Tecnico (IST) University of Lisbon Portugal Adjunct Scientist National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) Goa India

The availability of reliable underwater positioning systems to localize one or more vehicles simultaneously based on information received on-board a support ship or an autonomous surface vessel is key to the operation of some classes of AUVs. Furthermore, there is considerable interest in reducing the number of sensors involved in acoustic navigation/positioning systems to reduce the costs involved and the time consumed in the deployment, callibration, and recovery phases. Motivated by these considerations, in this paper we address the problem of single underwater target positioning based on measurements of the ranges between the target and a moving sensor at the sea surface, obtained via acoustic ranging devices. In particular, and speaking in loose terms, we are interested in determining the optimal geometric trajectory of the surface sensor that will, in a well defined sense, maximize the range-related information available for underwater target positioning. To this effect, an appropriate Fisher Information Matrix is defined and its determinant is maximized to yield the sensor trajectory that maximizes the accuracy of the target position estimate that can possibly be obtained with any unbiased estimator. It is shown that the optimal trajectory depends on the relative velocity of the sensor, the sampling time between measurements, and the number of measurements acquired for the FIM computation. Simulation examples illustrate the key results derived.

关键词： Autonomous Vehicles Underwater Navigation Optimal Sensor Placement Positioning Fisher Information Matrix Cramer-Rao Bound

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Cyclic scheduling of multimodal processes in mesh-like environment

Cyclic scheduling of multimodal processes in mesh-like envir...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Grzegorz Bocewicz Wojciech Muszyński Zbigniew Banaszak Department of Computer Science and Management Koszalin University of Technology Koszalin Poland Department of Business Informatics Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland Institute of Computer Engineering Control and Robotics Wrocław University of Technology Wroclaw Poland

A processes composed of sequences of local cyclic The theoretical prediction of the behavioral properties of periodic structures is less difficult than in the case of nonperiodic ones. That is because all the information needed to describe the entire structure is given by the elementary substructure itself and by the manner it repeats in the whole periodic structure. So, only a small portion of the structure (which includes the repeating substructure) needs to be considered to obtain the properties of the whole periodic structure. In that context, the contribution provides the discussion of some system periodicity issues, and is aimed at modeling and evaluation of relationships linking the system structure features with required system's functioning.

关键词： Periodic structures Gears Wheels Transportation Cities and towns Dispatching Job shop scheduling

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Spatio-temporal prediction of collision candidates for static and dynamic objects in monocular image sequences

Spatio-temporal prediction of collision candidates for stati...

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IEEE Symposium on Intelligent Vehicle

作者： Alexander Schaub Darius Burschka Institute of System Dynamics and Control at the Robotics and Mechatronics Center German Aerospace Center Wessling Germany Department of Computer Science Technische Universität München Garching bei Munchen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467327534

This paper presents a novel approach for reactive obstacle avoidance for static and dynamic objects using monocular image sequences. A sparse motion field is calculated by tracking point features using the Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi method. The rotational component of this sparse optical flow due to ego motion of the camera is compensated using motion parameters estimated directly from the images. A robust method for detection of static and dynamic objects in the scene is applied to identify collision candidates. The approach operates entirely in the image space of a monocular camera and does not require any extrinsic information about the configuration of the sensor or speed of the camera. The system prioritizes the detected collision candidates by their time to collision. Additionally, the spatial distribution of the candidates is calculated for non-degenerated conditions. We present the mathematical framework and the experimental validation of the suggested approach on simulated and real-world data.

关键词： Cameras Optical imaging Vectors Robot sensing systems Optical sensors Adaptive optics Collision avoidance

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Undo the codebook bias by linear transformation for visual applications 13

Undo the codebook bias by linear transformation for visual a...

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21st ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2013

作者： Zhang, Chunjie Zhang, Yifan Wang, Shuhui Pang, Junbiao Liang, Chao Huang, Qingming Tian, Qi School of Computer and Control Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing China National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Lab of Intell. Info. Process Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China College of Computer Science and Technology Beijing University of Technology 100124 Beijing China School of Computer National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan China Department of Computer Sciences University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX 78249 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450324045

The bag of visual words model (BoW) and its variants have demonstrate their effectiveness for visual applications and have been widely used by researchers. The BoW model first extracts local features and generates the corresponding codebook, the elements of a codebook are viewed as visual words. The local features within each image are then encoded to get the final histogram representation. However, the codebook is dataset dependent and has to be generated for each image dataset. This costs a lot of computational time and weakens the generalization power of the BoW model. To solve these problems, in this paper, we propose to undo the dataset bias by codebook linear transformation. To represent every points within the local feature space using Euclidean distance, the number of bases should be no less than the space dimensions. Hence, each codebook can be viewed as a linear transformation of these bases. In this way, we can transform the pre-learned codebooks for a new dataset. However, not all of the visual words are equally important for the new dataset, it would be more effective if we can make some selection using sparsity constraints and choose the most discriminative visual words for transformation. We propose an alternative optimization algorithm to jointly search for the optimal linear transformation matrixes and the encoding parameters. Image classification experimental results on several image datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Copyright © 2013 ACM.

关键词： Linear transformations

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Adaptive control for a cable driven robot arm

Adaptive control for a cable driven robot arm

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2012 9th IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, ICMA 2012

作者： Ma, Jianjun Li, Yanan Ge, Shuzhi Sam Social Robotics Laboratory Interactive Digital Media Institute National University of Singapore Singapore 119077 Singapore Department of Automatic Control College of Mechatronics and Automation National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 119613 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore Robotics Institute School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467312776

The cable-driven mechanism is usually used in robotic systems for the efficient transmission of forces or torques from actuators to the end-effector. However, the control design is challenging for these systems due to the cable compliance and transmission elasticity. In this paper, adaptive control in a cascaded structure is designed for the trajectory tracking of a cable driven robot arm. The desired control input is obtained by developing an adaptation scheme, which does not require the computation of the regressor matrix. Proportional-derivative (PD) control is designed to specify the actual control input such that the trajectory tracking is achieved. Simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Cables

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Intermediate point norm optimal iterative learning control

Intermediate point norm optimal iterative learning control

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51st IEEE Conference on Decision and control, CDC 2012

作者： Owens, David H. Freeman, Chris T. Dinh, Thanh Van Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield Mappin Street Sheffield S1 3JD United Kingdom School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton Highfield SO17 1BJ United Kingdom Advanced Robotics Division Italian Institute of Technology Genoa Italy

A Norm-Optimal Iterative Learning control (NOILC) solution is developed for the problem when tracking is only required at a subset of isolated time points along the trial duration. Well-defined convergence properties are presented, along with design guidelines and supporting experimental results using an electromechanical test facility. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Learning algorithms

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Herb 2.0: Lessons learned from developing a mobile manipulator for the home

Herb 2.0: Lessons learned from developing a mobile manipulat...

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作者： Srinivasa, Siddhartha S. Berenson, Dmitry Cakmak, Maya Collet, Alvaro Dogar, Mehmet R. Dragan, Anca D. Knepper, Ross A. Niemueller, Tim Strabala, Kyle Vande Weghe, Mike Ziegler, Julius Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department University of California Berkeley Berkeley 94703 United States School of Interactive Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 United States Knowledge-based Systems Group RWTH Aachen University Aachen 52062 Germany Department of Measurement and Control Systems Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe D-76128 Germany

We present the hardware design, software architecture, and core algorithms of Herb 2.0, a bimanual mobile manipulator developed at the Personal robotics Lab at Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA. We have developed Herb 2.0 to perform useful tasks for and with people in human environments. We exploit two key paradigms in human environments: that they have structure that a robot can learn, adapt and exploit, and that they demand general-purpose capability in robotic systems. In this paper, we reveal some of the structure present in everyday environments that we have been able to harness for manipulation and interaction, comment on the particular challenges on working in human spaces, and describe some of the lessons we learned from extensively testing our integrated platform in kitchen and office environments. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Motion planning

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Development of Prosthesis Grasp control Systems on a Robotic Testbed

Development of Prosthesis Grasp Control Systems on a Robotic...

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IEEE RAS & EMBS International Conference on Biomedical robotics and Biomechatronics

作者： Bart Peerdeman Ugo Fabrizi Gianluca Palli Claudio Melchiorri Stefano Stramigioli Sarthak Misra MIRA - Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine (Control Engineering Group) University of Twente LAR DEIS - Laboratory of Automation and Robotics Department of Electronics Computer Science and Systems University of Bologna

ISBN: (纸本)9781457711992

Modern myoelectric hand prostheses continue to increase in functionality, while their control is constrained by the limits of myoelectric input. This paper covers the development and testing of grasp control systems for multifunctional myoelectric prosthetic hands. The functionality of modern hand prostheses is often focused on the task of grasping, which can be divided into high-level grasp planning and low-level finger control. Initially, models can used to test these control systems, but for proper evaluation actual implementation on a physical system is required. The University of Bologna (UB) Hand IV prototype is an anthropomorphic, tendon-driven robotic hand, which makes it well-suited to represent the structure of modern prostheses. One of the main control systems tested in this paper is based on the intrinsically passive controller (IPC), the structure of which offers guaranteed passivity and stability. After several grasping tests, the systems are evaluated on compliant behavior, grasping ability, and dynamic appearance. IPC proves to be a powerful approach to interaction control, without the associated sensor requirements which could be difficult to meet in modern hand prostheses.

关键词： Grasp control systems Prosthetic hand Prosthesis robotic hand

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Editorial

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Automatika 2012年第2期53卷 103-106页

作者： Martínez-Salamero, Luis Milanovič, Miro Rovira i Virgili University School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Electrical Electronic and Automatic Control Engineering Spain University of Maribor Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Institute for Robotics Slovenia

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