检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

4th ACM International Conference on Distributed Event-Based Systems, DEBS 2010

作者： Schröter, Arnd Mühl, Gero Kounev, Samuel Parzyjegla, Helge Richling, Jan Communication and Operating Systems Group Berlin University of Technology Germany Architecture of Application Systems University of Rostock Germany Institute for Program Structures and Data Organization Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781605589275

Publish/subscribe systems are used increasingly often as a communication mechanism in loosely-coupled distributed applications. With their gradual adoption in mission critical areas, it is essential that systems are subjected to a rigorous performance analysis before they are put into production. However, existing approaches to performance modeling and analysis of publish/subscribe systems suffer from many limitations that seriously constrain their practical applicability. In this paper, we present a set of generalized and comprehensive analytical models of publish/subscribe systems employing different peer-to-peer and hierarchical routing schemes. The proposed analytical models address the major limitations underlying existing work in this area and are the first to consider all major performance-relevant system metrics including the expected broker and link utilization, the expected notification delay, the expected time required for new subscriptions to become fully active, as well as the expected routing table sizes and message rates. To illustrate our approach and demonstrate its effectiveness and practicality, we present a case study showing how our models can be exploited for capacity planning and performance prediction in a realistic scenario. © 2010 ACM.

关键词： Analytical models

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Detection of Conditionals in Spoken Utterances

Detection of Conditionals in Spoken Utterances

引用

International Conference on Semantic Computing

作者： Sebastian Weigelt Tobias Hey Vanessa Steurer Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Program Structures and Data Organization Karlsruhe Germany

State-of-the-art intelligent assistant systems such as Siri & Co. struggle with conditionals. They reliably react to ordinary commands. However, their architectures are not designed to cope with complex conditional queries. We propose a system to overcome these limitations. Our approach models if-then-else constructs in spoken utterances explicitly. The model bridges the gap between linguistic and programmatic semantics. To proof our concept, we apply a rule-based approach to extract conditionals. For our prototype we use part-of-speech and chunk tags provided by NLP tools. We make use of coreference information to determine the reference frame of a condition. The explicit modeling of conditionals allows us to evaluate the accuracy of our approach independently from other language understanding tasks. The prototype works well in the domain of humanoid robotics. In a user study we achieve F1 scores of 0.783 (automatic speech recognition) up to 0.898 (manual transcripts) on unrestricted utterances.

关键词： Semantics Task analysis Robots Linguistics Tools Ontologies

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

At your command! an empirical study on how laypersons teach robots new functions

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Weigelt, Sebastian Steurer, Vanessa Tichy, Walter F. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Program Structures and Data Organization Karlsruhe Germany

Even though intelligent systems such as Siri or Google Assistant are enjoyable (and useful) dialog partners, users can only access predefined functionality. Enabling end-users to extend the functionality of intelligent systems will be the next big thing. To promote research in this area we carried out an empirical study on how laypersons teach robots new functions by means of natural language instructions. The result is a labeled corpus consisting of 3168 submissions given by 870 *** analysis of the dataset revealed that many participants used certain wordings to express their wish to teach new functionality;two corresponding trigrams are among the most frequent. On the contrary, more than one third (36.93%) did not verbalize the teaching intent at all. We labeled the semantic constituents in the utterances: declaration (including the name of the function) and intermediate steps. The full corpus is publicly available: http://***/10.21227/zecn-6c61 Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Intelligent systems

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Online-Autotuning of Parallel SAH kD-Trees

Online-Autotuning of Parallel SAH kD-Trees

引用

International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Martin Tillmann Philip Pfaffe Christopher Kaag Walter F. Tichy Institute of Program Structures & Data Organization Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781509021413

We explore the benefits of using online-autotuning to find an optimal configuration for the parallel construction of Surface Area Heuristic (SAH) kD-trees. Using a quickly converging autotuning mechanism, we achieve a significant performance improvement of up to 1.96x. The SAH kD-tree is a spatial data structure and a fundamental tool in the domain of computer graphics and simulations. The parallel construction of these trees is influenced by several parameters, controlling various aspects of the algorithm. However, the parameter configurations advocated in the literature are hardly ever portable. To boost portability, we apply online-autotuning to four state-of-the-art variants of parallel kD-tree construction. We show that speedups over the variants' standard configurations are possible with low programmer effort. We further demonstrate the performance portability of our approach by evaluating performance on varying multicore platforms and both static and dynamic geometries.

关键词： Tuning data structures Ray tracing Geometry Hardware Parallel algorithms Rendering (computer graphics)

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Roger that! Learning How Laypersons Teach New Functions to Intelligent Systems

Roger that! Learning How Laypersons Teach New Functions to I...

引用

International Conference on Semantic Computing

作者： Sebastian Weigelt Vanessa Steurer Tobias Hey Walter F. Tichy Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Program Structures and Data Organization Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728163321

ISBN: (纸本)9781728163338

Intelligent systems are rather smart today but still limited to built-in functionality. To break through this barrier, future systems must allow users to easily adapt the system by themselves. For humans the most natural way to communicate is talking. But what if users want to extend the systems' functionality with nothing but natural language? Then intelligent systems must understand how laypersons teach new skills. To grasp the semantics of such teaching sequences, we have defined a hierarchical classification task. On the first level, we consider the existence of a teaching intent in an utterance; on the second, we classify the distinct semantic parts of teaching sequences: declaration of a new function, specification of intermediate steps, and superfluous information. We evaluate twelve machine learning techniques with multiple configurations tailored to this task ranging from classical approaches such as naïve-bayes to modern techniques such as bidirectional LSTMs and task-oriented adaptations. On the first level convolutional neural networks achieve the best accuracy (96.6%). For the second task, bidirectional LSTMs are the most accurate (98.8%). With the additional adaptations we are able to improve both classifications distinctly (up to 1.8%).

关键词： Task analysis Semantics Neural networks Machine learning Intelligent systems Training

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

At Your Command! An Empirical Study on How Laypersons Teach Robots New Functions

At Your Command! An Empirical Study on How Laypersons Teach ...

引用

International Conference on Semantic Computing

作者： Sebastian Weigelt Vanessa Steurer Walter F. Tichy Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Program Structures and Data Organization Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728163321

ISBN: (纸本)9781728163338

Even though intelligent systems such as Siri or Google Assistant are enjoyable (and useful) dialog partners, users can only access predefined functionality. Enabling end-users to extend the functionality of intelligent systems will be the next big thing. To promote research in this area we carried out an empirical study on how laypersons teach robots new functions by means of natural language instructions. The result is a labeled corpus consisting of 3168 submissions given by 870 subjects. The analysis of the dataset revealed that many participants used certain wordings to express their wish to teach new functionality; two corresponding trigrams are among the most frequent. On the contrary, more than one third (37%) did not verbalize the teaching intent at all. We labeled the semantic constituents in the utterances: declaration (including the name of the function) and intermediate steps. The full corpus is publicly available: http://***/10.21227/zecn-6c61.

关键词： Education Semantics Intelligent systems Task analysis Vocabulary programming Humanoid robots

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Verification of data-Value-Aware Processes and a Case Study on Spectrum Auctions

Verification of Data-Value-Aware Processes and a Case Study ...

引用

IEEE Conference on Commerce and Enterprise Computing, CEC

作者： Elaheh Ordoni Jutta Mülle Klemens Böhm Institute for Program Structures and Data Organization Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728199269

ISBN: (纸本)9781728199276

Verification techniques are fundamental to improve the reliability of process designs in practice. In application domains like auctions, the issue is extremely valuable; the goal of auction designers is to prevent undesirable executions and maximize certain outcome measures. Current verification approaches tend to be confined to control flows, even though data values play a significant role. We address this issue by proposing a new data-value-aware verification approach: We enhance process models with information on data values. Then we transform the data-value-aware process models to Petri Nets, respecting the semantics of data value usages. By employing an off-the-shelf model checker and specifying data-value centered properties, one can now verify data-value-aware process models. A distinctive feature of our approach is the specification of data values and of their modifications during the process. This enables the verification of interesting properties in many domains. We evaluate our approach against the use case of Simultaneous Multi-Round (SMR) spectrum auctions. We verify SMR auction models and compute extreme values of common auction measures such as revenue.

关键词： Petri nets data models Licenses Computational modeling Reliability engineering Space exploration

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Architecture of a Secure Business-Process-Management System in Service-Oriented Environments

The Architecture of a Secure Business-Process-Management Sys...

引用

European Conference on Web Services (ECOWS)

作者： Jens Muller Klemens Bohm Institute for Program Structures and Data Organization Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany

Business-process-management (BPM) systems are increasingly used in service-oriented architectures (SOA), coordinating activities of web services and of human actors. The openness and flexibility of SOA causes new challenges regarding security of business processes. This is because they have to deal with unexpected situations at run time. Respective solutions must be inherent to a BPM system (BPMS). Process implementers must explicitly model different security aspects of business processes, and the BPMS must combine them with run-time context to enforce security. However, existing BPMS do not address security issues in a way that is sufficiently broad. Thus, extensions are necessary, and they should integrate existing technology. The core contribution of this paper is to propose how to extend the WfMC reference architecture for BPMS to accomplish this, having identified different design alternatives. The resulting architecture is generic and integrates with existing SOA technologies like federated identity management. It is modular, making adaptations relatively easy. This has been hard to achieve because security aspects concern the entire system. Finally, our architecture can be used to implement the various business process security modelling approaches that have been presented in the literature.

关键词： Context Service oriented architecture Humans Business Authorization

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Secure Business Processes in Service-Oriented Architectures -- A Requirements Analysis

Secure Business Processes in Service-Oriented Architectures ...

引用

European Conference on Web Services (ECOWS)

作者： Jens Muller Jutta Mulle Silvia von Stackelberg Klemens Bohm Institute of Program Structures and Data Organization Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany

Business-process-management systems are increasingly used in service-oriented architectures (SOA), coordinating activities of loosely coupled information systems, of web services, and of human actors. This often requires exchanging and processing sensitive, personally-identifiable information, e.g., in e-employability and e-health applications. Supporting security in such a service-oriented environment is challenging. Existing approaches focus on security in service-oriented architectures but neglect business-process specific characteristics. Motivated by a real-world business process from the e-employability domain, in this paper we collect security requirements, exploiting the specific properties and semantics of business processes. We evaluate the requirements with respect to the state of the art of suitable security mechanisms and identify possible solutions as well as remaining gaps. We see this article as an important prerequisite for the design and implementation of advanced security mechanisms for business processes.

关键词： Business Access control Service oriented architecture Authentication Humans

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Evolving Cooperation through Reciprocity Using a Centrality-Based Reputation System

Evolving Cooperation through Reciprocity Using a Centrality-...

引用

IEEE WIC ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence (WI)

作者： Christian Hutter Raphael Lorch Klemens Bohm Institute for Program Structures and Data Organization Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany

Reciprocity is the basis for cooperation between agents in settings without payments. Research has shown that cooperation through reciprocity can emerge if reputation information is available. Various reputation mechanisms have been proposed, which are either not efficient or vulnerable to errors in perception. We propose a reputation mechanism based on centrality, which outperforms existing mechanisms in terms of efficiency and robustness. To evaluate our approach, we first conduct numerical simulations where we analyze different centrality measures. We then use the `winning' measure in a behavioral experiment to evaluate its effectiveness with real users. Our results are that distance-based centrality measures are most suitable for multi-agent systems. Furthermore, humans adopt strategies based on centrality for sending requests, but not for processing them.

关键词： Measurement Games Robustness History Stability analysis Humans Multiagent systems

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：