This text presents an approach for planning robot workcells in three dimensions fully automatically. This automation is possible by a complete layout planning process inside the configuration space. To reach a suffici...
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This text presents an approach for planning robot workcells in three dimensions fully automatically. This automation is possible by a complete layout planning process inside the configuration space. To reach a sufficient shop floor layout in a short time, the cartesian configuration space and fast obstacle transformation routines are employed. An optimization algorithm minimizes the length of all collision free paths required for the performance of the workcell task. A final check by a graphical workcell task simulation, whether the layout is valid or not, is no longer required. This new planning approach enhances the conventional layout planning process and reduces the amount of necessary user interaction.
In this paper the software environment KONTEST is introduced which allOWS a non-programmer to build and maintain a knowledge-based configuration tool for a restricted class of configuration tasks. The use of an enviro...
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In this paper the software environment KONTEST is introduced which allOWS a non-programmer to build and maintain a knowledge-based configuration tool for a restricted class of configuration tasks. The use of an environment like KONTEST can be especially interesting for small and medium sized companies, that could not afford a customised configuration tool developed from scratch.
The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of past and recent work on planning sensing strategies for vision sensors. To achieve an economic use of robots in manufacturing, their programs must provide a high deg...
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The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of past and recent work on planning sensing strategies for vision sensors. To achieve an economic use of robots in manufacturing, their programs must provide a high degree of fault-tolerance, security, and robustness to prevent unforeseen errors. Model errors (also termed uncertainties) are one of the most frequent reasons for such undesirable events. Robot systems can be made more reliable and fault-tolerant by providing them with capabilities of error detection and recovery, or error prevention. The latter may be achieved by reducing model errors using tactile and non-tactile sensors. The quality of a robot program synthesized by a task-level programming system depends on the accuracy of the model, since all information that is not explicitly given by the programmer must be derived from it. This means that the following questions have to be answered by the automatic task planner in order to plan non-tactile sensing strategies: (1) When do I have to use sensors to reduce uncertainty about the real world? (2) What do I have to use them for? (3) How do I have to use them to achieve the necessary information within an acceptable period of time? There are very few systems which deal broadly with the problem of robust robot programs, whereas there are numerous works on detail aspects of the field. The main approaches will be introduced and discussed in more detail. Finally, a new concept for generating sensor-integrated robust robot programs will be proposed.
In this article, the development of an action-based process model is described which was especially tailored to the needs of modelling and simulating multifinger hands. The research has been concerned with a descripti...
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In this article, the development of an action-based process model is described which was especially tailored to the needs of modelling and simulating multifinger hands. The research has been concerned with a description technique using constraints for modelling the working environment and with the design of an appropriate process model for simulating complex movements of manipulation objects with multifinger hands. The paper presents the results of an object-oriented approach to the proposed model and consists of two parts: a constraint net that describes the connections and relations between cell components (robots, grippers, objects) in the working environment and a propagation algorithm that computes the new locations regarding the modifications and logical dependencies.
Model-based diagnosis of industrial applications (i.e., complex systems) has to face a lot of problems inherent in complexity. Most applications involve thousands of components and are dynamic. The approach outlined i...
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The problem of a polygonal object moving in an uncertain polygonal environment, i.e. the positions and orientations of the objects relative to each other are not exactly known, is addressed. Furthermore, the moving ob...
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The problem of a polygonal object moving in an uncertain polygonal environment, i.e. the positions and orientations of the objects relative to each other are not exactly known, is addressed. Furthermore, the moving object does not move exactly as it is commanded to move. Due to these uncertainties, even a motion generated by a correct motion planner may fail, i.e. for instance, an unexpected contact may occur. A situation analyzer that enables the moving object to acquire information on a contact situation is presented. This analyzer uses the nominal world model including information on the magnitude of the uncertainties in order to get hypotheses on the geometric entities involved in the contact. The discrimination among the hypotheses is based on test motions, i.e. motions whose feasibility depends on the validity of a certain subset of the hypotheses.< >
Deals with the problem of uncertainties in the nominal world model of a robot. In particular, the problem of analyzing unexpected situations in a 2D polygonal world is attacked. Such a situation analysis can be used t...
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Deals with the problem of uncertainties in the nominal world model of a robot. In particular, the problem of analyzing unexpected situations in a 2D polygonal world is attacked. Such a situation analysis can be used to acquire information on a contact situation encountered during the execution of a motion. The analysis is based on the concept of so-called test motions, i.e. motions, the feasibility of which depends on the actual contact situation present. Using a probabilistic uncertainty model, the focus is on the computation of motion constraints due to contact and the resulting selection of an optimal test motion.< >
As an example of an autonomous assembly robot, the mobile two-arm robot system KAMRO, is described. The system is capable of navigating within an assembly cell, of docking at a work table, and of executing an assembly...
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As an example of an autonomous assembly robot, the mobile two-arm robot system KAMRO, is described. The system is capable of navigating within an assembly cell, of docking at a work table, and of executing an assembly according to a given plan. A series of successful experiments has demonstrated the completely autonomous operation of the system.< >
Model-based diagnosis of industrial applications (i.e., complex systems) has to face a lot of problems inherent in complexity. Most applications involve thousands of components and are dynamic. The approach outlined i...
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Model-based diagnosis of industrial applications (i.e., complex systems) has to face a lot of problems inherent in complexity. Most applications involve thousands of components and are dynamic. The approach outlined in this paper is based on semantic nets representing causal and temporal knowledge to be used for fault diagnosis. A view and a hierarchy-concept serve for structured modelling and focused diagnosis. An efficient diagnostic inference mechanism is based on a pre-computation phase, where diagnostic knowledge is restructured to grant efficient access operations during a diagnostic session phase.
One of the goals of robotic research is the development of robot systems that are capable of operating in the real world. Besides an intelligent control architecture, this requires a powerful sensor system to recognis...
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One of the goals of robotic research is the development of robot systems that are capable of operating in the real world. Besides an intelligent control architecture, this requires a powerful sensor system to recognise the environment and a set of intelligent sensor-controlled strategies to react to the uncertain conditions of the real world. This paper first describes the system architecture of the robot system which is being developed at the institute for real-timecomputersystems and robotics of the University of Karlsruhe and then concentrates on three aspects: knowledge-based image processing, generation of explicit robot actions and sensor-controlled assembly operations.< >
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