One of the goals of robotic research is the development of robot systems that are capable of operating in the real world. Besides an intelligent control architecture, this requires a powerful sensor system to recognis...
详细信息
One of the goals of robotic research is the development of robot systems that are capable of operating in the real world. Besides an intelligent control architecture, this requires a powerful sensor system to recognise the environment and a set of intelligent sensor-controlled strategies to react to the uncertain conditions of the real world. This paper first describes the system architecture of the robot system which is being developed at the institute for real-timecomputersystems and robotics of the University of Karlsruhe and then concentrates on three aspects: knowledge-based image processing, generation of explicit robot actions and sensor-controlled assembly operations.< >
This paper presents a general approach to the acquisition of sensor-based robot skills from human demonstrations. Since human-generated examples cannot be assumed to be optimal with respect to the robot, adaptation of...
详细信息
This paper presents a general approach to the acquisition of sensor-based robot skills from human demonstrations. Since human-generated examples cannot be assumed to be optimal with respect to the robot, adaptation of the initially acquired skill is explicitly considered. Results for acquiring and refining manipulation skills for a Puma 260 manipulator are given.
HEROS (hierarchically extendible real-time operating system), which was developed and implemented for the control and supervision of robots, is described. It allows the dynamic creation of processes and their manageme...
详细信息
HEROS (hierarchically extendible real-time operating system), which was developed and implemented for the control and supervision of robots, is described. It allows the dynamic creation of processes and their management. The processes in HEROS have no knowledge of their mutual existence and possess no global kernel routines or variables. The interprocess communication and synchronization is accomplished through a channel mechanism, using simple and effective functional calls. The uncoupling of processes attained through the channel concept enables the tasks to be defined and implemented independently and to be operated in parallel. HEROS is composed of several clusters connected through a local area network (LAN). Each cluster consists of several conventional single-board computers, a global memory, and a network controller.< >
An approach to analyzing ambiguous contact situations in an uncertain robotic environment is presented. When invoked by the occurrence of a contact, the analysis proceeds by generating a set of hypotheses on the conta...
详细信息
An approach to analyzing ambiguous contact situations in an uncertain robotic environment is presented. When invoked by the occurrence of a contact, the analysis proceeds by generating a set of hypotheses on the contact, out of which the valid one is detected by testing the feasibility of certain motions, i.e., performing movability tests. Emphasis is placed on the generation of the hypotheses. All parts of the analysis are based upon the same probabilistic uncertainty model, which is given.< >
In this paper, an approach is presented for designing a robot controller to integrate path planning and motion execution. Instead of following an exactly planned geometric path, which cannot be easily modified to deal...
详细信息
In this paper, an approach is presented for designing a robot controller to integrate path planning and motion execution. Instead of following an exactly planned geometric path, which cannot be easily modified to deal with uncertainties, a robot realizes its motion under the guidance of a sequence of grossly selected crucial points called subgoals. A fuzzy model is used for on-line controlling the robot to pass through the subgoals smoothly. With the help of heuristics for optimal motion control, the rule base can be developed. Such a concept provides a control method in realtime as well as a possibility of integrating sensor data for the subgoal-guided motion.< >
The authors present the automatic system configurator (ASC), a software environment for the design of automated workcells. ASC consists of a number of tools which provide support at various stages of the planning of c...
详细信息
The authors present the automatic system configurator (ASC), a software environment for the design of automated workcells. ASC consists of a number of tools which provide support at various stages of the planning of complex machine tools and workcells. It contains three tools for configuration and one layout planning tool. The tools can be used and stand-alone basis or in an integrated fashion via an information management system. Each ASC tool is a contribution to CIM in its own right. The configuration tools are knowledge based and stress in particular the knowledge acquisition aspects. The layout planning can be fully automatic, taking into account kinematic aspects for the layout planning of robots cells.< >
In this paper we present a reactive planning and control system for redundant manipulators based on multi-agents. It enables the reactive motion of manipulators in unknown environments by integrating sensor data. All ...
详细信息
In this paper we present a reactive planning and control system for redundant manipulators based on multi-agents. It enables the reactive motion of manipulators in unknown environments by integrating sensor data. All agent is responsible for calculating and controlling the motion of one joint, therefore it is called "joint agent". The agents, their communication and coordination are presented in this paper. Results are demonstrated for a 7-DOF redundant manipulator covered with tactile sensors.
A good map of its environment is essential for efficient task execution of a mobile robot. realtime map update, especially in dynamic scenes is a difficult problem due to noisy sensor data and limited observation tim...
详细信息
A good map of its environment is essential for efficient task execution of a mobile robot. realtime map update, especially in dynamic scenes is a difficult problem due to noisy sensor data and limited observation time. The paper describes a mapping procedure which identifies new obstacles in a scene and constructs a 3D surface model of it. This description is included in the geometrical map which robot navigation relies on. The mapping procedure is based on sonar range information and scenes reconstructed from stereo vision. The combination of sonar and stereo vision is advantageous, due to a complementary error characteristic concerning range and angular resolution. For sonar data integration the idea of local probability grids is proposed. Local grids which only cover areas where new obstacles are expected, reduce the complexity of grid based sonar data integration and can be applied to a dynamic environment. The partial models of an object that has been observed from different viewpoints are fused to a homogeneous description in a later step. A complex example shows the mapping procedure work robustly in dynamic indoor environments.
One of the many features needed to support the activities of autonomous systems is the ability of motion planning. It enables robots to move in their environment securely and to accomplish given tasks. Unfortunately, ...
详细信息
One of the many features needed to support the activities of autonomous systems is the ability of motion planning. It enables robots to move in their environment securely and to accomplish given tasks. Unfortunately, the control loop comprising sensing, planning, and acting has not yet been closed for robots in dynamic environments. One reason involves the long execution times of the motion planning component. A solution for this problem is offered by the use of highly computational parallelism. Thus, an important task is the parallelization of existing motion planning algorithms for robots so that they are suitable for highly computational parallelism. In several cases, completely new algorithms have to be designed, so that a parallelization is feasible. We review approaches to motion planning using parallel computation.
In the area of telerobotics, where remote systems are to be controlled, it is helpful to plan subsequent operations based on as much relevant data as possible. The simulation of the remote system, executed in parallel...
详细信息
In the area of telerobotics, where remote systems are to be controlled, it is helpful to plan subsequent operations based on as much relevant data as possible. The simulation of the remote system, executed in parallel, can provide additional information, otherwise difficult or impossible to retrieve from sensor feedback. In this paper, the integrated DiSCUS environment (Distributed Simulation and control in a Unix System) is presented, which is used for the simulation and the control of a small assembly cell. All (physical and logical) components are represented as stand-alone programs, as tasks. These tasks are distributed over a workstation network, so that "true" parallelism can be achieved.< >
暂无评论