One of the goals of robotic research is the development of robot systems that are capable of operating in the real world. Besides an intelligent control architecture, this requires a powerful sensor system to recognis...
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One of the goals of robotic research is the development of robot systems that are capable of operating in the real world. Besides an intelligent control architecture, this requires a powerful sensor system to recognise the environment and a set of intelligent sensor-controlled strategies to react to the uncertain conditions of the real world. This paper first describes the system architecture of the robot system which is being developed at the institute for real-timecomputersystems and robotics of the University of Karlsruhe and then concentrates on three aspects: knowledge-based image processing, generation of explicit robot actions and sensor-controlled assembly operations.< >
This paper presents a general approach to the acquisition of sensor-based robot skills from human demonstrations. Since human-generated examples cannot be assumed to be optimal with respect to the robot, adaptation of...
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This paper presents a general approach to the acquisition of sensor-based robot skills from human demonstrations. Since human-generated examples cannot be assumed to be optimal with respect to the robot, adaptation of the initially acquired skill is explicitly considered. Results for acquiring and refining manipulation skills for a Puma 260 manipulator are given.
HEROS (hierarchically extendible real-time operating system), which was developed and implemented for the control and supervision of robots, is described. It allows the dynamic creation of processes and their manageme...
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HEROS (hierarchically extendible real-time operating system), which was developed and implemented for the control and supervision of robots, is described. It allows the dynamic creation of processes and their management. The processes in HEROS have no knowledge of their mutual existence and possess no global kernel routines or variables. The interprocess communication and synchronization is accomplished through a channel mechanism, using simple and effective functional calls. The uncoupling of processes attained through the channel concept enables the tasks to be defined and implemented independently and to be operated in parallel. HEROS is composed of several clusters connected through a local area network (LAN). Each cluster consists of several conventional single-board computers, a global memory, and a network controller.< >
The authors present the automatic system configurator (ASC), a software environment for the design of automated workcells. ASC consists of a number of tools which provide support at various stages of the planning of c...
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The authors present the automatic system configurator (ASC), a software environment for the design of automated workcells. ASC consists of a number of tools which provide support at various stages of the planning of complex machine tools and workcells. It contains three tools for configuration and one layout planning tool. The tools can be used and stand-alone basis or in an integrated fashion via an information management system. Each ASC tool is a contribution to CIM in its own right. The configuration tools are knowledge based and stress in particular the knowledge acquisition aspects. The layout planning can be fully automatic, taking into account kinematic aspects for the layout planning of robots cells.< >
An approach to analyzing ambiguous contact situations in an uncertain robotic environment is presented. When invoked by the occurrence of a contact, the analysis proceeds by generating a set of hypotheses on the conta...
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An approach to analyzing ambiguous contact situations in an uncertain robotic environment is presented. When invoked by the occurrence of a contact, the analysis proceeds by generating a set of hypotheses on the contact, out of which the valid one is detected by testing the feasibility of certain motions, i.e., performing movability tests. Emphasis is placed on the generation of the hypotheses. All parts of the analysis are based upon the same probabilistic uncertainty model, which is given.< >
In this paper, an approach is presented for designing a robot controller to integrate path planning and motion execution. Instead of following an exactly planned geometric path, which cannot be easily modified to deal...
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In this paper, an approach is presented for designing a robot controller to integrate path planning and motion execution. Instead of following an exactly planned geometric path, which cannot be easily modified to deal with uncertainties, a robot realizes its motion under the guidance of a sequence of grossly selected crucial points called subgoals. A fuzzy model is used for on-line controlling the robot to pass through the subgoals smoothly. With the help of heuristics for optimal motion control, the rule base can be developed. Such a concept provides a control method in realtime as well as a possibility of integrating sensor data for the subgoal-guided motion.< >
In this paper we present a reactive planning and control system for redundant manipulators based on multi-agents. It enables the reactive motion of manipulators in unknown environments by integrating sensor data. All ...
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In this paper we present a reactive planning and control system for redundant manipulators based on multi-agents. It enables the reactive motion of manipulators in unknown environments by integrating sensor data. All agent is responsible for calculating and controlling the motion of one joint, therefore it is called "joint agent". The agents, their communication and coordination are presented in this paper. Results are demonstrated for a 7-DOF redundant manipulator covered with tactile sensors.
A good map of its environment is essential for efficient task execution of a mobile robot. realtime map update, especially in dynamic scenes is a difficult problem due to noisy sensor data and limited observation tim...
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A good map of its environment is essential for efficient task execution of a mobile robot. realtime map update, especially in dynamic scenes is a difficult problem due to noisy sensor data and limited observation time. The paper describes a mapping procedure which identifies new obstacles in a scene and constructs a 3D surface model of it. This description is included in the geometrical map which robot navigation relies on. The mapping procedure is based on sonar range information and scenes reconstructed from stereo vision. The combination of sonar and stereo vision is advantageous, due to a complementary error characteristic concerning range and angular resolution. For sonar data integration the idea of local probability grids is proposed. Local grids which only cover areas where new obstacles are expected, reduce the complexity of grid based sonar data integration and can be applied to a dynamic environment. The partial models of an object that has been observed from different viewpoints are fused to a homogeneous description in a later step. A complex example shows the mapping procedure work robustly in dynamic indoor environments.
This paper describes the motivation and learning subsystems of Arisco which is a mechatronic head with interactive capacity which includes high expressivity through gesturing, voice recognition, text to speech generat...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424420575
This paper describes the motivation and learning subsystems of Arisco which is a mechatronic head with interactive capacity which includes high expressivity through gesturing, voice recognition, text to speech generation, visual tracking, and internet information retrieval. The general architecture is first described in the paper. Then, the learning capacity of Arisen is addressed. It learns and performs associations between different stimulus responses through several dynamic neural networks, guided by motivational drives. A number of experiments are discussed, covering stimulus competition, habituation, classical and operant conditioning.
Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks are a very interesting self-organizing communication system that can make the traffic on our roads much safer. A lot of aspects of the behavior of these systems are studied using network simu...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781565553415
Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks are a very interesting self-organizing communication system that can make the traffic on our roads much safer. A lot of aspects of the behavior of these systems are studied using network simulation frameworks. While the upper communication layers of Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks are mainly simulated according to their specifications, in this paper we will highlight weak points in these simulations. They occur due the fact that the layers below the link layer are considered very rarely and are also almost neglected by the commonly used network simulation frameworks. This can potentially lead to inaccurate simulation results which can be fatal when studying safety relevant applications or application with real-time constraints. In this work in progress paper we are going to propose an approach to get this under control.
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