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19th IFAC World Congress on International Federation of Automatic Control, IFAC 2014

作者： Rego, Francisco Soares, Jorge M. Pascoal, António Aguiar, A. Pedro Jones, Colin Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Engineering and Science Instituto Superior Técnico University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Porto Portugal Institute of Mechanical Engineering School of Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Distributed Intelligent Systems and Algorithms Laboratory School of Architecture Civil and Environmental Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland National Institute of Oceanography Dona Paula Goa India

ISBN: (纸本)9783902823625

This paper addresses the problem of keeping an autonomous marine vehicle in a moving triangular formation by regulating its position with respect to two leader vehicles. The follower vehicle has no prior knowledge of the path described by the leaders but has access to their heading angle and is able to measure inter-vehicle ranges. It is assumed that the distance between the leaders is constant and known. A control strategy is adopted that generates speed and heading commands so as to drive suitably defined along track and cross track errors to zero. The commands are used as input to local inner loops for yaw and speed control. The paper describes the algorithms derived for range-based control and assesses their performance in simulations using realistic models of the vehicles involved. Tests with three autonomous marine vehicles equipped with acoustic modems and ranging devices allow for the evaluation of the performance of the algorithms in a real-world situation. © IFAC.

关键词： Vehicle performance

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Modelling and Control of a Trailer Sprayer for Precision Spraying

Modelling and Control of a Trailer Sprayer for Precision Spr...

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IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot systems and Competitions (ICARSC)

作者： André Baltazar Filipe N. Santos Antόnio Paulo Moreira Salviano Pinto Soares M. J. C. S. Reis José Boaventura Cunha CRIIS-Centre for Robotics in Industry and Intelligent Systems INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Porto Portugal ECT—School of Science and Technology UTAD—University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro Vila Real Portugal FEUP—Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Porto Portugal Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA) Portugal Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI) Portugal

ISBN: (数字)9798350352344

ISBN: (纸本)9798350352351

Precision spraying in agriculture is crucial for optimizing the application of pesticides while minimizing environmental impact. Despite significant advancements in control models for spraying systems, predictive control algorithms were not used. This paper addresses this gap by proposing a real-time control framework that integrates predictive control strategies to ensure consistent pressure output in a trailer sprayer. Based on information from various sensors, the framework anticipates and adapts to dynamic environmental conditions, enhancing accuracy and sustainability in spraying practices. A methodology is developed to define a proportional valve model. Based on this valve model, the predictive control model optimizes valve movements to minimize errors between predicted and reference pressures, thereby improving spraying efficiency. This study demonstrates the viability of predictive control in improving precision spraying systems applicable to autonomous robots, encouraging future advances in agricultural spraying technologies.

关键词： Adaptation models Spraying Predictive models Valves real-time systems Agriculture Sensors

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Biomimetic robots promote the 3Rs Principle in animal testing

Biomimetic robots promote the 3Rs Principle in animal testin...

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2021 Conference on Artificial Life, ALIFE 2021

作者： Bierbach, David Francisco, Fritz Lukas, Juliane Landgraf, Tim Maxeiner, Moritz Romanczuk, Pawel Musiolek, Lea Hafner, Verena V. Krause, Jens Faculty of Life Sciences Division of Biology and Ecology of Fishes Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Berlin Germany Dahlem Center for Machine Learning and Robotics Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany Faculty of Life Sciences Institute for Theoretical Biology Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany Adaptive Systems Group Department of Computer Science Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany

In order to strengthen animal welfare, many countries require that experimenters follow the ‘3Rs Principle’ when designing animal experiments. The 3Rs call for a reduction in the number of animals used, the refinement of methods to reduce stress as well as the full replacement of animals in experimentation through alternative methods. Biomimetic robots that resemble live animals and allow for natural-like interactions represent a valuable tool to achieve the 3Rs’ objectives. On the basis of our research with a robotic fish that is accepted as a conspecific by live poeciliid fishes, we highlight how biomimetic robots can reduce the number of animals tested by (a) substituting live animals, (b) providing highly standardized cues, and (c) reducing overall stress for live animals during tests through less handling. © 2021 ALIFE. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Invertebrates

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A landmark-based controller for global asymptotic stabilization on SE(3)

A landmark-based controller for global asymptotic stabilizat...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Pedro Casau Ricardo G. Sanfelice Rita Cunha Carlos Silvestre Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Institute for Robotics and Systems in Engineering and Science (LARSyS) Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade Técnica de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal Department of AeroSpace and Mechanical Engineering University of Arizona AZ USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macau Macao China

In this paper, we address the problem of designing a landmark-based control law that robustly globally asymptotically stabilizes a rigid body at a desired equilibrium point on the SE(3) manifold. Synergistic potential functions are combined within a hybrid systems framework to generate such a hybrid control law. The proposed control law is solely a function of vector measurements characterizing the position of some given landmarks. We provide sufficient conditions on the geometry of the landmarks to solve the given problem. Finally, the proposed solution is simulated and compared with an almost global continuous feedback control law.

关键词： Vectors Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Noise Robustness Feedback control Manifolds Geometry

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Continuous-time fitted value iteration for robust policies

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Lutter, Michael Belousov, Boris Mannor, Shie Fox, Dieter Garg, Animesh Peters, Jan Intelligent Autonomous Systems group Computer Science Department Technical University of Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology and a Distinguished Scientist at NVIDIA Tel Aviv Israel Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering University of Washington and Senior Director of Robotics Research NVIDIA Washington Seattle United States Computer Science Department University of Toronto NVIDIA Toronto Canada

Solving the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation is important in many domains including control, robotics and economics. Especially for continuous control, solving this differential equation and its extension the Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs equation, is important as it yields the optimal policy that achieves the maximum reward on a give task. In the case of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs equation, which includes an adversary controlling the environment and minimizing the reward, the obtained policy is also robust to perturbations of the dynamics. In this paper we propose continuous fitted value iteration (cFVI) and robust fitted value iteration (rFVI). These algorithms leverage the non-linear control-affine dynamics and separable state and action reward of many continuous control problems to derive the optimal policy and optimal adversary in closed form. This analytic expression simplifies the differential equations and enables us to solve for the optimal value function using value iteration for continuous actions and states as well as the adversarial case. Notably, the resulting algorithms do not require discretization of states or actions. We apply the resulting algorithms to the Furuta pendulum and cartpole. We show that both algorithms obtain the optimal policy. The robustness Sim2real experiments on the physical systems show that the policies successfully achieve the task in the real-world. When changing the masses of the pendulum, we observe that robust value iteration is more robust compared to deep reinforcement learning algorithm and the non-robust version of the algorithm. Videos of the experiments are shown at https://***/view/rfvi Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dynamic programming

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Sparse-then-Dense Alignment based 3D Map Reconstruction Method for Endoscopic Capsule Robots

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Turan, Mehmet Pilavci, Yusuf Yigit Ganiyusufoglu, Ipek Araujo, Helder Konukoglu, Ender Sitti, Metin Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems Stuttgart Germany Computer Vision Laboratory ETH Zurich Switzerland Robotics Laboratory University of Coimbra Portugal Electrical and Electronics Engineering Middle East Technical University Turkey Computer Science Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sabanci University Turkey

In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract endoscopy field, ingestible wireless capsule endoscopy is emerging as a novel, minimally invasive diagnostic technology for inspection of the GI tract and diagnosis of a wide range of diseases and pathologies. Since the development of this technology, medical device companies and many research groups have made substantial progress in converting passive capsule endoscopes to robotic active capsule endoscopes which can be controlled by the doctor. However, robotic capsule endoscopy still has some challenges. In particular, the use of such devices to generate a precise and globally consistent three-dimensional (3D) map of the entire inner organ remains an unsolved problem. Such global 3D maps of inner organs would help doctors to detect the location and size of diseased areas more accurately, precisely, and intuitively, thus permitting more accurate and intuitive diagnoses. The proposed 3D reconstruction system is built in a modular fashion including preprocessing, frame stitching, and shading-based 3D reconstruction modules. We propose an efficient scheme to automatically select the key frames out of the huge quantity of raw endoscopic images. Together with a bundle fusion approach that aligns Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Endoscopy

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Simulation and Characterization of Magneto-Plasmonic Properties of Ag/Fe Nanostructure in Optical Fibers 28

Simulation and Characterization of Magneto-Plasmonic Propert...

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28th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, OFS 2023

作者： Carvalho, João P.M. Coelho, Luís C.C. Jorge, P.A.S. de Almeida, J.M.M.M. INESC TEC Institute of Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences University of Porto Rua do Campo Alegre Porto4169-007 Portugal Department of Physics and Astronomy FCUP Rua do Campo Alegre 687 Porto4150-179 Portugal School of Sciences and Technology Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Vila Real5000-801 Portugal

Thin films of Ag/Fe were deposited on the core of multimode optical fibers. The deposited film shows sensitivity to both refractive index and MF changes. Simulation work based on TMM formalism confirms experimental re... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171302

关键词： Magnetos

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Flexible automation of hardware design tasks using software process technology

Flexible automation of hardware design tasks using software ...

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Symposium on Assessment of Quality Software Development Tools

作者： B.J. Kramer B. Dinler W.A. Halang A.D. Stoyenko Faculty of Electrical Engineering Fern Universität Hagen Hagen Germany GMD Institut SET Sankt Augustin Germany Faculty of Electrical Engineering Fern Universitat Hagen Hagen Germany Computer & Inforamtion Science New Jersey Institute of Technology Real-Time Computing Laboratory Newark NJ USA

This paper describes a hybrid approach towards design management. It was applied in a case study linking automated software development and behavioral synthesis. The process-centered software development environment MARVEL is combined with the ALLIANCE design tool box to provide a flexible hardware design management environment. It automatically activates tools according to the design flow, checks access rights of designers, and maintains consistency of design data. Some lessons learned from the experiment are reported.< >

关键词： Design automation Hardware Software design Programming Process design Environmental management Application software Laboratories Information science Software development management

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Predictive Inverse Kinematics: optimizing Future Trajectory through Implicit time Integration and Future Jacobian Estimation

Predictive Inverse Kinematics: optimizing Future Trajectory ...

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2019 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems (IROS)

作者： Ko Ayusawa Wael Suleiman Eiichi Yoshida CNRS-AIST JRL (Joint Robotics Laboratory) UMI13218/RL Intelligent Systems Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (IS-AIST) Japan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering University of Sherbrooke Canada

This paper presents an inverse kinematics (IK) method which can control future velocities and accelerations for multi-body systems. The proposed IK method is formulated as a quadratic programing (QP) that optimizes future joint trajectories. The features of the proposed IK are: (1) the evaluation of accelerations at future time instances, (2) the trajectory representation that can implicitly integrate the time integral formula into QP, (3) the computation of future Jacobian matrices based on the comprehensive theory of differential kinematics proposed in our previous work. Those features enable a stable and fast IK computation while evaluating the future accelerations. We also conducted thorough numerical studies to show the efficiency of the proposed method.

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A comparison of nonsmooth, nonconvex, constrained optimization solvers for the design of time-delay compensators

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Kungurtsev, Vyacheslav Mitchell, Tim Vyhlídal, Tomáš Department of Computer Science Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems Magdeburg Germany Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Czech Institute of Informatics Robotics and Cybernetics Czech Technical University in Prague

We present a detailed set of performance comparisons of two state-of-the-art solvers for the application of designing time-delay compensators, an important problem in the field of robust control. Formulating such robust control mechanics as constrained optimization problems often involves objective and constraint functions that are both nonconvex and nonsmooth, both of which present significant challenges to many solvers and their end-users hoping to obtain good solutions to these problems. In our particular engineering task, the main difficulty in the optimization arises in a nonsmooth and nonconvex stability constraint, which states that the infinite spectrum of zeros of the so-called shaper should remain in the open left half-plane. To perform our evaluation, we make use β-relative minimization profiles, recently introduced visualization tools that are particularly suited for benchmarking solvers on nonsmooth, nonconvex, constrained optimization problems. Furthermore, we also introduce new visualization tools, called Global-Local Profiles, which for a given problem and a fixed computational budget, assess the tradeoffs of distributing the budget over few or many starting points, with the former getting more budget per point and latter less. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Robust control

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