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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： S. Fatikow G. Wohlke Institute for Real-Time Computer Systems and Robotics Faculty for Informatics University of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Germany

Presents a neuro-fuzzy control approach for intelligent microrobots. Typical tasks of such industrial or medical robots are both exploration and fine manipulation, what demands task planning and motion/force control capabilities. For this kind of microsystems the authors investigate the system technical aspects of information processing. The concept for the control system architecture is based on the combination of a neural network approach for the adaptation of process parameters and a fuzzy logic approach for the correction of parameter values given to a conventional controller. A planning component deals with the determination of initial manipulation parameters. Together with a sensor fusion procedure and a supervising and reasoning subsystem this allows reliable operation of a microrobot.< >

关键词： Intelligent control Medical control systems Intelligent robots Control systems Electrical equipment industry Industrial control Medical robotics Motion planning Force control Information processing

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A multi-agent approach to distributed control for task-level programs for cooperating manipulators

A multi-agent approach to distributed control for task-level...

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and systems (IROS)

作者： P. Bohner Institute for Real-Time Computer Systems and Robotics Faculty for InfonnaticS University of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Germany

The use of two or more robots in a common workspace is essential to expand the field of potential applications. This paper presents a distributed approach for executing task-level programs for cooperating manipulators or one arm systems with many degrees of freedom. At task level, only the movement of the objects to be manipulated is specified. The corresponding manipulator motions are then calculated by assigning the local intelligence to each joint. The local intelligence enables the joint agents to calculate in parallel their appropriate movements to make the end effector reach the desired position. During execution, each joint evaluates the sensor data to compensate for execution errors, to react on unexpected obstacles and to provide the manipulator coordination. Therefore, a distributed fuzzy rule base has been developed. As this local evaluation may lead to non-optimal overall behavior of the manipulator, the joint agents communications provide global suboptimality.< >

关键词： Distributed control Manipulators Mobile robots Robot kinematics Intelligent sensors Intelligent agent Control systems Error correction real time systems Distributed computing

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Automated computer-Aided Layout Planning for Robot Workcells

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1992年第7期25卷 473-478页

作者： T.C. Lueth Institute for Real-Time Computer Systems and Robotics Faculty for Computer Science University of Karlsruhe Postfach 69 80 W-7500 Karlsruhe 1 Germany

This text presents an approach for planning robot workcells in three dimensions fully automatically. This automation is possible by a complete layout planning process inside the configuration space. To reach a sufficient shop floor layout in a short time, the cartesian configuration space and fast obstacle transformation routines are employed. An optimization algorithm minimizes the length of all collision free paths required for the performance of the workcell task. A final check by a graphical workcell task simulation, whether the layout is valid or not, is no longer required. This new planning approach enhances the conventional layout planning process and reduces the amount of necessary user interaction.

关键词： computer-aided planning workcell design layout planning collision-free path-planning cartesian configuration-space

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Interactive generation of flexible robot programs

Interactive generation of flexible robot programs

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： H. Friedrich J. Holle R. Dillmann Inst. for Real-Time Comput. Syst. & Robotics Karlsruhe Univ. Germany Institute for Real-Time Computer Systems & Robotics University of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Germany

Service robots require interactive programming interfaces that allow users without programming experience to easily instruct the robots. systems following the programming by demonstration (PbD) paradigm that were developed within the last years are getting closer to this goal. However, most of these systems lack the possibility for the user to supervise and alter the course of program generation after the initial demonstration was performed. In this paper we present an approach, where the user is able to supervise the entire program generation process and to annotate, and edit system hypotheses. Moreover, the knowledge representation and algorithms presented enable the user to generalize the generated program by annotating conditions and object selection criteria via a 3D simulation and graphical user interface. The resulting PbD-system widens the PbD approach in robotics to the interactive generation of flexible robot programs based on demonstration and annotations.

关键词： Programming profession Robot programming Service robots Sensor phenomena and characterization Sensor systems real time systems Knowledge representation Graphical user interfaces Manipulators Educational programs

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AUTOMATED FABRIC INSPECTION BASED ON A STRUCTURAL TEXTURE ANALYSIS METHOD

AUTOMATED FABRIC INSPECTION BASED ON A STRUCTURAL TEXTURE AN...

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SATELLITE CONF AT THE 1988 BIANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONF ON PATTERN RECOGNITION : RECENT ISSUES IN PATTERN ANALYSIS AND RECOGNITION

作者： TUFIS, I International Basic Laboratory for Image Processing and Computer Graphics Central Institute for Cybernetics and Information Processes Kurstr. 33 P.O.B. 1298 Berlin Germany Department of Robotics and Real Time Systems Research Institute for Computer Technique and Informatics B-dul Miciurin 8-10 Bucharest 1 71316 Romania

ISBN: (纸本)0387518150

An approach for applying a structural texture analysis method to automatic visual inspection of fabric samples in the textile industry is presented. The main steps (image preprocessing, image segmentation, model description and matching) to accomplish this task are described and also some conclusions are drawn from the preliminary experiments. © 1989, Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Image segmentation

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The Karlsruhe dextrous hand: grasp planning, programming and real-time control

The Karlsruhe dextrous hand: grasp planning, programming and...

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and systems (IROS)

作者： G. Wohlke Institute for Real-Time Computer Control Systems and Robotics Faculty for Informatics University of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Germany

In this paper the framework of an intelligent control system of a multi-finger robot hand is described, that is especially tailored for sensor-based object handling and assembly. The research has concerned with the Karlsruhe dextrous hand, a modular three-finger hand with 9 degrees of freedom, independent finger modules and integrated sensors. The total system structure consists of three embedded subsystems, with a planning and supervisory system on the top, which has a blackboard-like architecture to exchange information with a distributed real-time control system that provides force/position control strategies for dextrous grasping and manipulating of arbitrary objects. A programming and simulation system supports the object/task-based description of all robot and gripper actions required to perform a specific operation.< >

关键词： Robot programming Robotic assembly Force control Intelligent control Robot sensing systems Intelligent robots Assembly systems Fingers Intelligent sensors Strategic planning

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Object manipulation with dextrous multi-finger hands: improved computation method

Object manipulation with dextrous multi-finger hands: improv...

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and systems (IROS)

作者： G. Wohlke Institute for Real-Time Computer Control Systems and Robotics Faculty for Informatics University of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Germany

This paper deals with the two fundamental problems that occur when objects are manipulated with multi-finger robot hands: the determination of the joint motions to perform a manipulation according to a given object trajectory, and the optimization of the joint torques needed to ensure a stable and secure grip. The consideration of the effect of rolling and slipping of the fingertips at the contact points on the object surface leads to a set of linear differential equations for the joint angles and to a partly nonlinear optimization problem for the joint torques solved by the Hooke-Jeeves algorithm. The removal of redundant information reduces the computational effort to about 40% of the operations required for the standard procedure. Especially, the resulting object motions are demonstrated at an example: the rotation of an ellipsoid object with the fingers of the Karlsruhe dextrous hand.< >

关键词： Robots real time systems Equations Motion control Control systems Fingers Grippers Automatic control Flowcharts Torque control

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Requirements analysis for real-time automation projects

Requirements analysis for real-time automation projects

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International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)

作者： M. Hagemann Faculty for Informatics Institute of Real-Time Computer Control Systems and Robotics University of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0897912586

A formal language for specifying and analyzing requirements is introduced. An integrated set of tools support the transition from ideas to a requirements specification. The system is implemented on an IBM PC. The special characteristics of the language and the tools are their suitability for the description of embedded real-time systems. The most useful feature of the system is the possibility of graphical input and output as an alternative of the mere textual specification. Transformation between textual and graphical representation is done by the PROREC system.< >

关键词： Control systems Automatic control robotics and automation Process control Informatics real time systems Robot control Specification languages Formal specifications Software engineering

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3D-icon based user interaction for robot programming by demonstration

3D-icon based user interaction for robot programming by demo...

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IEEE International Symposium on Computational Intelligence in robotics and Automation (CIRA)

作者： H. Friedrich H. Hofmann R. Dillmann Inst. for Real-Time Comput. Syst. & Robotics Karlsruhe Univ. Germany Institute for Real-Time Computer Systems & Robotics IPR University of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Germany

Within the last years the programming by demonstration (PbD) programming methodology gained more and more attention in robotics. However, a high quality way of human-robot interaction is crucial for a successful application of the PbD methodology in robotics. Hypotheses derived from the programming system, and control knowledge included in a generated robot program has to be checked back with and to be verified by the user in order to avoid potentially harmful errors that lead to faulty code. This paper describes a method for user-robot interaction that is based on 3D-icons and supports and facilitates the programming process in a robot programming by demonstration system significantly.

关键词： Robot programming Service robots Robot sensing systems Control systems Sensor systems Humans Robustness real time systems Intellectual property Electronic mail

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A system for facial reconstruction using distraction and symmetry considerations

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International Congress Series 2001年第C期1230卷 62-67页

作者： Burgert, O. Salb, T. Gockel, T. Dillmann, R. Hassfeld, S. Brief, J. Krempien, R. Walz, S. Mühling, J. Institute of Real-Time Computer Systems and Robotics University of Karlsruhe D-76128 Karlsruhe Gebaude 07.21 Kaiserstr. 12 Germany Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of Heidelberg D-69120 Heidelberg Germany Department of Radiology University of Heidelberg D-69120 Heidelberg Germany

The goal of the system presented in this paper is to support several facial surgeries that are aiming to transform an unsymmetrical face to a symmetric one. There are two main techniques to achieve this goal: distraction of the lower jaw and adding or removing tissue or bone at certain facial regions. Both planning tasks are done based on segmented CT or MRI data. The distraction of the lower jaw is simulated by cutting the jaw, moving it in 3D along a distraction axis and choosing a distractor for this procedure after determining, which is the best result. Furthermore, we are working on consideration of soft tissue movement so the patient can see what he or she will look like after the surgery. For supporting implants in craniofacial surgery, we are proposing a tool based on symmetry considerations. Nowadays, if implants have to be fitted to the patient's bone, they are handmade while the surgery is running. This is quite time consuming and it would be helpful to shorten this procedure by producing the implants preoperatively. Our system allows to determine regions where implants should be set and proposes an initial contour for the implants. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.

关键词： Distraction Face Symmetry

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