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Exploring the multifaceted roles of mathematics learning in predicting students' computational thinking competency

International Journal of STEM Education 2023年第1期10卷 1-16页

作者： Lee, Silvia Wen-Yu Tu, Hsing-Ying Chen, Guang-Lin Lin, Hung-Ming Graduate Institute of Information and Computer Education National Taiwan Normal University Taipei City Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Science Education National Changhua University of Education Changhua Taiwan Department of Cosmetic Science Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Taoyuan City Taiwan

There exist shared competencies between computational thinking (CT) and mathematics, and these two domains also mutually benefit from various teaching approaches. However, the linkages between mathematics and computational thinking lack robust empirical support, particularly from student-centered learning perspectives. Our study aimed to enhance our understanding of the connections between students' mathematics learning and computational thinking. To assess students' mathematics learning, we measured their beliefs about mathematics learning and their level of mathematical literacy (ML). Our hypothesis posited that students' beliefs concerning mathematics learning, encompassing their views on the nature of mathematics and their attitude towards the subject, can both directly and indirectly influence their CT, with ML serving as a mediating factor. Our data were gathered through surveys and tests administered to eighth- and ninth-grade students. Data were analyzed using partial least squares–structural equation modeling (PLS–SEM). The evaluation of the measurement model indicated strong internal consistency for each construct. Both convergent and discriminant validity were also established. Upon assessing the structural model, it was found that beliefs about the nature of mathematics positively predicted attitudes towards mathematics, and this belief also indirectly predicted ML through positive attitudes towards mathematics. In addition, ML directly and positively predicted both CT subscales. Notably, a comprehensive mediating effect of ML on beliefs about mathematics learning and CT was identified in the analysis. This study advances the understanding of the relationships between mathematics learning and CT. We have further confirmed the importance of mathematical literacy in predicting CT and its mediating role between beliefs about mathematics learning and CT. It is suggested that teachers could promote students’ CT competence by enhancing their mathematical liter

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An exploration of the value of artwork in an integrated STEAM competition

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Thinking Skills and Creativity 2025年 57卷

作者： Mao, Qiao Hong, Jon-Chao Language and Literature Branch Shaoxing University Yuanpei College No 2799 Qunxian Middle Road Zhejiang Shaoxing 312000 China Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University No.162 Heping East Road Section 1 Taipei 106209 Taiwan

With the integration of STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics, or iSTEAM for short) education, there has been an increase in the number of related competitions. This study takes as an example the iSTEAM—PowerTech competition that has been conducted annually in Taiwan for approximately 25 years, in which students work in teams to create a wooden bionic miniature model on site and compete in terms of modeling aesthetics and speed. This study examined the essentiality of art in STEM after adding artwork to students' creation of miniature models. A qualitative study was conducted to collect, organize, analyze, and interpret relevant data through observation, interviews, and document analysis by selecting five student representatives and five instructors who won the Artwork Award in iSTEAM—PowerTech. The results found that when art was added to STEM: (1) The fit between the artwork and the body was key, and the artwork's size, weight, symmetry, balance, and stability affected the miniature model's mobility;(2) Students' interest in learning, creative thinking, and aesthetic literacy increased when making miniature models for the speed competition (e.g., relay racing), and they believed artwork was able to promote their STEM knowledge learning;and (3) Students thought they encountered more difficulties and problems when creating artwork for miniature models, because it required systematic thinking and continuous revision to integrate arts with STEM. © 2025

关键词： Artwork Competition Design thinking Design-based learning STEAM

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Thermal disorder and phonon softening in the ferroelectric phase transition of lead titanate

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xie, Pinchen Chen, Yixiao Weinan, E. Car, Roberto Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States AI for Science Institute Beijing China Center for Machine Learning Research School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing China Department of Chemistry Department of Physics Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton Materials Institute Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States

We report an extensive molecular dynamics study of ab-initio quality of the ferroelectric phase transition in crystalline PbTiO3. We model anharmonicity accurately in terms of potential energy and polarization surfaces trained on density functional theory data with modern machine learning techniques. Our simulations demonstrate that the transition has a strong order-disorder character, in agreement with diffraction experiments, and provide fresh insight into the approach to equilibrium upon crossing the transition temperature. We find that the macroscopic polarization appears/disappears due to dipolar switching at the nanometer scale. We also compute the infrared optical absorption spectra in both the ferroelectric and the paraelectric phases, finding good agreement with the experimental Raman frequencies. For a long time, the almost ideal displacive character of the soft mode detected by Raman scattering in the paraelectric phase has been contrasted with the order-disorder character of the transition suggested by diffraction. We settle this issue by showing that the soft mode coexists with a strong Debye relaxation due to the thermal disordering of the dipoles. The Debye relaxation feature is centered at zero frequency and appears near the transition temperature in both the ferroelectric and the paraelectric phases. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Ferroelectricity

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Nucleus accumbens-linked executive control networks mediating reversal learning in tree shrew brain

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Zoological research 2022年第4期43卷 528-531页

作者： Ting-Ting Pan Chao Liu De-Min Li Bin-Bin Nie Tian-Hao Zhang Wei Zhang Shi-Lun Zhao Qi-Xin Zhou Hua Liu Gao-Hong Zhu Lin Xu Bao-Ci Shan School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450001China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms and KIZ-SU Joint Laboratory of Animal Model and Drug Developmentand Laboratory of Learning and MemoryKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Department of Nuclear Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingYunnan 650032China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China CAS Centre for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligent Technology Shanghai 200031China

DEAR EDITOR,Cognitive flexibility is crucial for animal survival but is frequently impaired in neuropsychiatric *** many brain structures and functional networks are involved in cognitive flexibility,the neural mechanisms underlying cooperation among specific functional networks remain unclear from a global *** this study,[^(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(FDG-PET)was performed on 19 male tree shrews after four different visual discrimination tasks,including baseline,learning expert(LE),reversal naive(RN),and reversal expert(RE).

关键词： networks EDIT tree

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Loss of the centrosomal protein Cenpj leads to dysfunction of the hypothalamus and obesity in mice

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Science China(Life sciences) 2021年第3期64卷 419-433页

作者： Wenyu Ding Changjiang Zhang Baisong Wang Xin Zhou Le Sun Suijuan Zhong Jing Liu Junjing Zhang Xiaoqun Wang Qian Wu State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyInstitute of Brain-Intelligence Technology(Shanghai)Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Cenpj is a centrosomal protein located at the centrosomes and the base of cilia,it plays essential roles in regulating neurogenesis and cerebral cortex *** centrosomal and cilium dysfunction are one of the causes of obesity,insulin resistance,and type 2 diabetes,the role that Cenpj plays in the regulation of body weight remains ***,we deleted Cenpj by crossing Cenpjflox/flox mice with Nkx2.1-Cre *** of the centrosomal protein Cenpj in Nkx2.1-expressing cells causes morbid obesity in mice at approximately 4 months of age with expended brain ventricles but no change of brain *** found that hypothalamic cells exhibited reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis upon Cenpj depletion at the embryonic stages,resulting in a dramatic decrease in the number of Proopiomelanocortin(POMC)neurons and electrophysiological dysfunction of NPY neurons in the arcuate nucleus(ARC)in ***,depletion of Cenpj also reduced the neuronal projection from the ARC to the paraventricular nucleus(PVN),with decreased melanocortin-4 receptors(MC4R)expression in PVN *** study defines the roles that Cenpj plays in regulating hypothalamus development and body weight,providing a foundation for further understanding of the pathological mechanisms of related diseases.

关键词： arcuate nucleus centrosomal protein Cenpj Nkx2.1 hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus

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Empowering Optimal Control with Machine learning: A Perspective from Model Predictive Control

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2022年第30期55卷 121-126页

作者： E Weinan Jiequn Han Jihao Long AI for Science Institute Beijing Center for Machine Learning Research and School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing China Center for Computational Mathematics Flatiron Institute New York 10010 USA Program of Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton 08544 USA

Solving complex optimal control problems have confronted computational challenges for a long time. Recent advances in machine learning have provided us with new opportunities to address these challenges. This paper takes model predictive control, a popular optimal control method, as the primary example to survey recent progress that leverages machine learning techniques to empower optimal control solvers. We also discuss some of the main challenges encountered when applying machine learning to develop more robust optimal control algorithms.

关键词： Machine learning Optimal Control Model Predictive Control

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Machine learning Effects on Consumer Decision-Making and Purchase Behavior in the Fashion Industry of India

Machine Learning Effects on Consumer Decision-Making and Pur...

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International Conference on Science Technology Engineering and Management (ICONSTEM)

作者： Shivani Singh A. Rajasekaran Neerajkumar Sathawane Nisha Nandal Minal N Wagh Mayadevi Jadhav Amity Institute of Social Sciences Amity University Noida Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Saveetha School of Engineering Chennai Business Administration MIMA Institute of Management Pune Maharashtra Department of Management Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Institute of Management and Research Delhi Dr DY Patil Institute of Management Studies Akurdi Pune Maharashtra Department of Management Lexicon Management Institute of Leadership & Excellence Pune Maharashtra

ISBN: (数字)9798350365092

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365108

In this study, we investigate how Machine learning (ML) is changing the way Indian consumers shop for and make fashion-related decisions. This research uses a systematic approach that includes data collecting, feature engineering, ML modelling, and statistical analysis to reveal the critical function of ML-powered recommendation systems in influencing consumer decisions and behavior. While the logistic regression study revealed the outsized impact of demographic variables and customer interaction with ML-generated suggestions, the collaborative filtering recommendation model showed impressive performance. The necessity for openness and equity in ML algorithms is emphasized by ethical and legal concerns. The results provide light on the future of fashion retail in India, which will be enhanced by technology but will also adhere to ethical standards, and give practical insights for fashion entrepreneurs, governments, and academics. research in the future should focus on comprehending this ever-changing environment by probing its intersections with new technologies, sustainability, and other fields.

关键词： Ethics Systematics Statistical analysis Machine learning Mathematics Behavioral sciences Sustainable development

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Coarse-graining conformational dynamics with multi-dimensional generalized Langevin equation: how, when, and why

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xie, Pinchen Qiu, Yunrui Weinan, E. Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI53706 United States AI for Science Institute Beijing100080 China Center for Machine Learning Research School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing100084 China

A data-driven ab initio generalized Langevin equation (AIGLE) approach is developed to learn and simulate high-dimensional, heterogeneous, coarse-grained conformational dynamics. Constrained by the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, the approach can build coarse-grained models in dynamical consistency with all-atom molecular dynamics. We also propose practical criteria for AIGLE to enforce long-term dynamical consistency. Case studies of a toy polymer, with 20 coarse-grained sites, and the alanine dipeptide, with two dihedral angles, elucidate why one should adopt AIGLE or its Markovian limit for modeling coarse-grained conformational dynamics in practice. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Coarse-grained modeling

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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Calls to a National Suicide Prevention Hotline in Taiwan: An Analysis of Time Trend and Characteristics of Calls

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Archives of Suicide research 2023年第4期27卷 1245-1260页

作者： Liu, Guang-Yi Chang, Yi-Han Hwang, I-Ting Shaw, Fortune Fu-Tsung Hsu, Wen-Yau Hsu, Chia-Yueh Gunnell, David Chang, Shu-Sen Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Resource Development National Chi Nan University Nantou Taiwan Department of Psychology National Chengchi University Taipei Taiwan Department of Psychiatry Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Population Health Sciences Bristol Medical School University of Bristol Bristol United Kingdom Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Research Center for Mind Brain and Learning National Chengchi University Taipei Taiwan Psychiatric Research Center Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Global Health Program College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Health Policy and Management College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan National Taiwan University Children and Family Research Center Sponsored by CTBC Charity Foundation Taipei Taiwan National Institute of Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust Bristol United Kingdom Psychiatric Research Center Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taipei Taiwan Institute of Health Policy and Management College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on call volumes and call characteristics using data from a national crisis helpline. Data were extracted for 215,066 calls to Taiwan’s national suicide prevention hotline (January 2018–May 2020). We used negative binomial regression to investigate changes in the weekly number of calls during the early period of the COVID-19 outbreak (January 21, 2020–May 25, 2020), relative to that expected according to the pre-pandemic trend. The call characteristics during the pandemic period (February 18, 2020–May 31, 2020) were compared between COVID-19 related vs unrelated calls. Higher-than-expected call volumes started from the 6th week of the pandemic and reached a peak in the 14th week, which was 38% (rate ratio = 1.38, 95% confidence interval 1.26–1.51) higher than that expected based on the pre-pandemic trend. The higher-than-expected call volumes were mainly attributable to higher-than-expected calls from non-suicidal and male callers. Calls in which COVID-19 was mentioned (13.2%) were more likely to be from male and first-time callers, occur outside 12 am–6 am, last less than 5 min, and were less likely to be from callers who had previous suicide attempts, recent suicidal ideation or suicide plans or actions than COVID-19 unrelated calls. Callers who made COVID-19 related calls were more likely to request information than other callers. Crisis helplines should strategically adapt to the increased need and callers’ specific concerns related to the outbreak. © 2022 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： COVID-19 crisis helpline suicide Taiwan trend

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STEM education goals in the twenty-first century: Teachers’ perceptions and experiences

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International Journal of Technology and Design Education 2023年第2期33卷 479-496页

作者： Lin, Kuen-Yi Yeh, Yi-Fen Hsu, Ying-Shao Wu, Jen-Yi Yang, Kai-Lin Wu, Hsin-Kai Dept. of Technology Application & Human Resource Development / Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University No. 162 He-Ping East Road Sec1 Taipei10610 Taiwan College of Teacher Education National Taiwan Normal University No. 162 He-Ping East Road Sec1 Taipei10610 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Science Education Department of Earth Sciences / Office of Research and Development National Taiwan Normal University No.162 He-Ping East Road Sec1 Taipei10610 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Science Education Department of Earth Sciences National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Sec 4 Ting-Jou Rd Taipei11677 Taiwan Department of Mathematics National Taiwan Normal University No.88 Sec 4 Ting-Jou Rd Taipei11677 Taiwan Faculty of Education University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa Graduate Institute of Science Education National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Ting-Jou Rd. sec. 4 Taipei Taiwan

Previous research has analyzed the meaning and value of STEM education and explored both its current possibilities and future development. However, STEM education experts have not reached a consensus on the goals of STEM education, making its promotion more challenging. Thus, this study examined which particular STEM education goals should be emphasized through a survey questionnaire. The study employed a stratified random sampling method to collect survey data from secondary teachers of STEM-related courses (i.e., science, technology, and mathematics) in Taiwan. A total of 645 valid survey responses were collected and then analyzed by independent t-test and analysis of variance to examine teachers’ perceptions about 17 critical competencies proposed as education goals relevant to STEM education. The findings revealed that STEM teachers generally had positive attitudes and high levels of acceptance toward implementing the 17 proposed STEM education goals through integrative STEM education. However, the proposed goal of "cultivating students’ entrepreneurial capabilities" received lower scores and should not be used at the secondary level. It may be introduced as an important education goal in tertiary STEM education. In addition, STEM teachers with different backgrounds (e.g., STEM teaching experience, perceptions of STEM teaching methods) perceived the competency goals as having different levels of importance in STEM education. Teachers’ willingness to teach STEM using a transdisciplinary integration method increases when they have access to sufficient resources and support. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.

关键词： Surveys

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