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Effects of a remedial program on beginner-level, low-achieving efl learners^*

Bulletin of Educational Psychology 2020年第4期51卷 687-712页

作者： Hu, Tsui-Chun Hsu, Ying-Ju Center for General Education Chinese Language and Technology Center National Taiwan Normal University Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences Research Center for Psychological and Educational Testing National Taiwan Normal University Taiwan

Bridging the achievement gap among learners and maximizing the effectiveness of instruction have attracted significant research attention;however, very few studies have focused on developing a systematic remedial program, particularly for beginner-level EFL learners. Hence, this study first proposed a remedial program to develop the language component skills of low-achieving beginner-level EFL learners. Subsequently, the program’s effect on low-achieving learners’ vocabulary and grammar was measured. Finally, the study provided an overview of the remedial program’s characteristics, highlighting its instructional methods and materials, teaching procedures, activity designs, and approaches for enhancing learner engagement. This study recruited 11 teachers and 567 grade 7 students from six junior high schools in Taiwan. Two subtests, DCEC-Vocabulary Size and DCEC-Grammar of the Diagnosis and Certification of English Competency (DCEC) system, were conducted on all 567 seventh-graders. In total, 117 grade 7 students who failed to reach the grade 4 level were assigned into an experimental and a control group. The experimental group (N = 56) received experimental instruction, whereas the control group (N = 61) received traditional instruction. The study results indicated that the seventh-graders who received experimental remedial instruction demonstrated better English component skills, including better vocabulary and familiarity with grammatical sentence patterns, compared with students who received traditional instruction for remediation. The current study provided a model remedial program by delineating the implementation of remedial instruction for low-achieving beginner-level EFL learners. The proposed remedial program can serve as a model to facilitate the work of practitioners, researchers, curriculum designers, and policymakers. © 2020, National Taiwan Normal University. All rights reserved.

关键词： Achievement gap English intervention Low-achieving English learners Remedial instruction Remedial program

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Co-regulation strategies and their associations with writing self-efficacy in a computer-mediated collaborative writing setting

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Journal of Second Language Writing 2023年 59卷

作者： You Su Jyh-Chong Liang Chunping Zheng Chin-Chung Tsai Center for Research on Technology‑Enhanced Language Education Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications No.10 Xitucheng Road Haidian District Beijing 100876 China Program of Learning Sciences and Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

This study examined the structural relationship between learners’ co-regulation strategies and writing self-efficacy in a computer-mediated collaborative writing setting. Two questionnaires about Co-Regulation Strategies (CRS) and English Writing Self-Efficacy (EWSE) were developed and administered to 219 college English language learners following six-week computer-mediated collaborative writing activities. The results of factor analysis indicated that learners’ co-regulation strategies consist of five factors: co-planning, co-monitoring, co-evaluation, effort regulation, and help-seeking, while writing self-efficacy involves learners’ confidence in writing ideation, writing conventions, and writing self-regulation. The path analysis revealed that students with better co-planning and co-evaluation strategies tended to be more confident in writing ideation and writing conventions. More interestingly, effort regulation and help-seeking acted as powerful predictors of self-efficacy for writing self-regulation. Learners’ self-efficacy for writing ideation and conventions could also positively explain their self-efficacy for writing self-regulation. Suggestions were given regarding how to improve students’ writing self-efficacy through promoting co-regulation in collaborative learning.

关键词： Co-regulation Self-efficacy Structural equation model Collaborative writing

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Effect of a single session of sensorimotor rhythm neurofeedback training on the putting performance of professional golfers

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Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports 2024年第1期34卷 e14540-e14540页

作者： Wu, Jia-Hao Chueh, Ting-Yu Yu, Chien-Lin Wang, Kuo-Pin Kao, Shih-Chun Gentili, Rodolphe J. Hatfield, Bradley D. Hung, Tsung-Min Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Department of Kinesiology University of Maryland College Park MD United States Center of Excellence “Cognitive Interaction Technology” (CITEC) Bielefeld University Bielefeld Germany Neurocognition and Action – Biomechanics Research Group Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science Bielefeld University Bielefeld Germany Department of Health and Kinesiology Purdue University West Lafayette IN United States Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science University of Maryland College Park MD United States Institute for Research Excellence and Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

Sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) activity has been associated with automaticity and flow in motor execution. Studies have revealed that neurofeedback training (NFT) of the SMR can improve sports performance;however, few studies have adequately explored the effects of a single session of such NFT or examined the possible mechanisms underlying these effects on sports performance. This study recruited 44 professional golfers to address these gaps in the literature. A crossover design was employed to determine the order of the participation in the NFT and no-training control conditions. The participants were asked to perform 60 10-foot putts while electroencephalograms (EEGs) were recorded before and after the tasks. In pre-and post-tests, visual analog scales were used to assess the psychological states associated with SMR activities including the levels of attention engagement, conscious motor control, and physical relaxation. The results revealed that a single NFT session effectively increased SMR power and improved putting performance compared with the control condition. The subjective assessments also revealed that the participants reported lower attention engagement, less conscious control of the motor details and were more relaxed in the putting task, suggesting that SMR NFT promoted effortless and quiescent mental states during motor preparation for a putting task. This study aligns with theoretical hypotheses and extends current knowledge by revealing that a single session of SMR NFT can effectively enhance SMR power and improve putting performance in professional golfers. It also provides preliminary evidence of the possible underlying mechanisms that drive the effect of SMR NFT on putting performances. © 2023 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： EEG neurofeedback training professional golf putting sensorimotor rhythm sports performance

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Identifying Bioglass and Liquid Exfoliation of Graphite/MWCNT Mixtures Through UV–Vis Spectroscopy 6th

Identifying Bioglass and Liquid Exfoliation of Graphite/MWCN...

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6th Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering, BioMed 2021

作者： Samsurrijal, Siti Fatimah Sharifulden, Nik Syahirah Aliaa Nik Azizan, Nur Syazana Chau, David Yi San Noor, Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd Craniofacial and Biomaterial Sciences Cluster Advanced Medical and Dental Institute Universiti Sains Malaysia Bertam Campus Pulau Pinang Kepala Batas13200 Malaysia Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering UCL Eastman Dental Institute University College London Royal Free Hospital Rowland Hill Street LondonNW3 2PF United Kingdom Dental Stimulation and Visual Learning Research Excellence Consortium Advanced Medical and Dental Institute Universiti Sains Malaysia Bertam Campus Kepala Batas Pulau Pinang13200 Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9783030907235

Carbon allotropes such as graphene and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) are studied for an extensive range of applications. Various exfoliation techniques were employed to yield the best form of generated allotropes. Liquid phase exfoliation utilizes the technique of sonication of these allotropes in the solvent, results in the best desired form of the high quality, safe, simple and economically viable final product. This study discusses liquid-phase exfoliation of graphene and MWCNT in chloroform. Their absorbance intensity has shown a contrast solubility profile with respect to different weight percentages of each allotrope. The comparative study was further analyzed with modification of bioglass (BG) within the suspensions, of which hazards in agglomerations of allotropes’ particles as concentration increases could potentially give a prevention insight for better preparation and processing materials formulation. Hence the study aims in reporting UV absorbance intensity of various weight percentages of liquid exfoliated graphene and MWCNT particles, with the addition of BG in chloroform due to their unique structures and remarkable properties and their exploitation in diverse potential applications, including the biomedical engineering field especially in the field of bone tissue engineering. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Graphene

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ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CHANGES IN CIRCADIAN RHYTHM BEFORE FIRST BIRTHDAY AND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT AT 2 YEARS OF AGE

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Contemporary Educational research Quarterly 2022年第1期30卷 149-184页

作者： Lu, Hsin-Hui Tsao, Feng-Ming Liu, Hue-Mei Department of Psychology Chung Shan Medical University Taiwan Clinical Psychological Room Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taiwan Department of Psychology National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Special Education/ Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taiwan

Purpose This study investigated whether infants’ circadian rhythm before 1 year of age would predict their language development between 12 and 24 months of age. Specifically, this study addressed three topics: circadian rhythm development in early infancy, whether the development of the circadian rhythm before 1 year of age would benefit language development at 2 years of age, and whether the language development of newborns with a developed circadian rhythm by 3 months of age would be faster during the second year of life than would that of other newborns. Design/methodology/approach This study used five-wave data from the Kids in Taiwan: National Longitudinal Study of Child Development and Care Project. Sleep and language data were collected from infants aged 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. A total of 3,563 participants were included in the final analysis. Multilevel linear models were used to explore the association between the development of the circadian rhythm before 1 year of age and language development at 2 years of age, with demographic factors and language learning environment controlled for. In these models, circadian rhythm development at 3, 6, and 12 months of age was classified as four categories, “development before 3 months of age”, “development at 3–6 months of age”, “development at 6–12 months of age”, and “change at 1 year of age” to serve as the independent variables. The slope of language development at 12, 18, and 24 months of age was the dependent variable. Findings/results Approximately 60% of the participants developed a circadian rhythm by 3 months of age;however, 8% exhibited irregular rhythms at 12 months of age. Those who developed a circadian rhythm by 3 months of age exhibited stronger language skills and faster language development from 12 to 24 months of age than did those who either exhibited an irregular circadian rhythm between 3 and 12 months of age or developed a circadian rhythm at 6 months of age. Originality/value This cohort s

关键词： Circadian rhythm Developmental cascade Growth curve Language development

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Neurofeedback training: Decreases in Mu rhythm lead to improved motor performance in complex visuomotor skills

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Current Psychology 2023年第24期42卷 20860-20871页

作者： Wang, Kuo-Pin Frank, Cornelia Hung, Tsung-Min Schack, Thomas Center for Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC) Bielefeld University Inspiration 1 Bielefeld 33619 Germany Neurocognition and Action - Biomechanics Research Group Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 Bielefeld 33615 Germany Sports and Movement Group Department of Sports Science School of Educational and Cultural Studies Osnabrück University Jahnstraße 75 Osnabrück 49080 Germany Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences National Taiwan Normal University No. 162 Section 1 Heping East Road Da-an District Taipei 106 Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science National Taiwan Normal University No. 162 Section 1 Heping East Road Da-an District Taipei 106 Taiwan

The physiological function of the Mu rhythm (8–13 Hz in the central region) is still unclear, particularly its role in visuomotor performance in sports (shooting vs. golf putting), as both the complexity of the motor skills (i.e., simple vs. complex visuomotor skills) and the skill level (e.g., novices vs. experts or low-skilled vs. highly skilled) may modulate Mu rhythm. To gain a broader understanding of the association between Mu rhythm and visuomotor skill performance, a study design that considers both a control moderator (the difference in skill level) and the ability to manipulate Mu rhythm (i.e., either increase or decrease Mu rhythm) is required. To achieve this, we recruited 30 novice golfers who were randomly assigned to either the increased Mu rhythm group (IMG), decreased Mu rhythm group (DMG), or sham group (SG) and used electroencephalographic-neurofeedback training (EEG-NFT) to manipulate Mu rhythm during a golf putting task (complex visuomotor skill). The aim was to determine whether the complexity of the motor skill was a potential moderator of Mu rhythm. We mainly found that Mu power was significantly decreased in the DMG following EEG-NFT, which lead to increased motor control and improved performance. We suggest that (1) the complexity of the motor skill, rather than the difference in skill level, may be a potential moderator of Mu rhythm and visuomotor performance, as our results were not consistent with a previous study that reported that increased Mu rhythm improved shooting performance (a simple visuomotor task) in novices. © 2022, The Author(s).

关键词： Complex motor skills Golf Implicit motor learning Shooting Simple motor skills

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Generating Visual and Semantic Explanations with Multi-task Network 16th

Generating Visual and Semantic Explanations with Multi-task ...

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Workshops held at the 16th European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV 2020

作者： Xu, Wenjia Wang, Jiuniu Wang, Yang Wu, Yirong Akata, Zeynep Department of Electrical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Cluster of Excellence Machine Learning University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783030664145

Explaining deep models is desirable especially for improving the user trust and experience. Much progress has been done recently towards visually and semantically explaining deep models. However, establishing the most effective explanation is often human-dependent, which suffers from the bias of the annotators. To address this issue, we propose a multitask learning network (MTL-Net) that generates saliency-based visual explanation as well as attribute-based semantic explanation. Via an integrated evaluation mechanism, our model quantitatively evaluates the quality of the generated explanations. First, we introduce attributes to the image classification process and rank the attribute contribution with gradient weighted mapping, then generate semantic explanations with those attributes. Second, we propose a fusion classification mechanism (FCM) to evaluate three recent saliency-based visual explanation methods by their influence on the classification. Third, we conduct user studies, quantitative and qualitative evaluations. According to our results on three benchmark datasets with varying size and granularity, our attribute-based semantic explanations are not only helpful to the user but they also improve the classification accuracy of the model, and our ranking framework detects the best performing visual explanation method in agreement with the users. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Semantics

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Investigating the effects of explicit instructional approaches on students’ understanding of scientific models and modeling

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Journal of Advertising research 2024年第1期64卷 578页

作者： Silvia Wen-Yu Lee a Graduate Institute of Information and Computer Education National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwanb Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

ABSTRACTresearch purposes and designThis study aimed to compare the effects of different explicit approaches used in modeling-based instruction on students’ understanding of scientific models and modeling (USMM). In Study 1, a self-study approach was compared to a preliminary explicit approach. In Study 2, preliminary explicit approach and embedded explicit approach were *** the data analysis,ttests and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used to compare students’ USMM under the conditions of using different explicit *** showed that in the first study, no statistically significant difference was found between self-study approach and the preliminary explicit approach in any of the USMM subscales. In the second study, students who learned with the embedded explicit approach had better understandings in all subscales of USMM, but not in thechanging nature of scientific models(CNM) subscale, than those who learned with the preliminary explicit approach. Through qualitative analysis of the data, categories and examples of the teacher’s embedded epistemic guidance were illustrated. Suggestions for future professional development and research instrument design are provided.

关键词： Understanding of scientific models and modeling modeling-based instruction middle school

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Sensing in the presence of strong noise by deep learning of dynamic multimode fiber interference

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Photonics research 2021年第4期9卷 I0029-I0038页

作者： Linh V.Nguyen Cuong C.Nguyen Gustavo Carneiro Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem Stephen C.Warren-Smith Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing and School of Physical Sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Australian Institute for Machine Learning The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics The University of AdelaideSA 5005Australia Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia

A new approach to optical fiber sensing is proposed and demonstrated that allows for specific measurement even in the presence of strong noise from undesired environmental perturbations.A deep neural network model is trained to statistically learn the relation of the complex optical interference output from a multimode optical fiber(MMF)with respect to a measurand of interest while discriminating the *** technique negates the need to carefully shield against,or compensate for,undesired perturbations,as is often the case for traditional optical fiber *** is achieved entirely in software without any fiber postprocessing fabrication steps or specific packaging required,such as fiber Bragg gratings or specialized *** technique is highly generalizable,whereby the model can be trained to identify any measurand of interest within any noisy environment provided the measurand affects the optical path length of the MMF’s guided *** demonstrate the approach using a sapphire crystal optical fiber for temperature sensing under strong noise induced by mechanical vibrations,showing the power of the technique not only to extract sensing information buried in strong noise but to also enable sensing using traditionally challenging exotic materials.

关键词： fiber sapphire noise

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Measuring motor awareness and metacognition at the start, middle, and end of a reaching movement

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Consciousness and Cognition 2025年 132卷 103878页

作者： Oancea, Gabriela Maniscalco, Brian Peters, Megan A.K. Chapman, Craig S. Faculty of Kinesiology Sport and Recreation University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada Department of Cognitive Sciences University of California Irvine Irvine CA United States Center for the Theoretical Behavioral Sciences University of California Irvine Irvine CA United States Center for the Neurobiology of Learning & Memory University of California Irvine Irvine CA United States Program in Brain Mind & Consciousness Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Toronto ON Canada

The ability to monitor our arm position during goal-directed behaviour allows us to bring our limb to a target as accurately as possible. Despite our success in executing accurate movements, some work suggests that individuals have limited access to information about their limb position. However, other evidence from metacognition research indicates that people have some access to details about their movements. In these studies, individuals are asked to rate their confidence after making judgements about their movements and tend to give higher confidence ratings when they are correct, showing some capacity for self-monitoring. These conflicting results suggest that we may not be able to monitor an entire movement from start to end. In the current study, participants (n = 50) made reaching movements toward targets on a screen. They were then visually presented with two movement paths: one being their actual trajectory and the other being a visually deviated version. Here, we manipulated the location that the deviation was implemented (i.e., start, middle, or end of the path). Participants were then asked to determine which trajectory was their own, while also rating their confidence in their response. Overall, accuracy was lower than expected. Nevertheless, accuracy was significantly lower when deviations occurred at the start of the reach, indicating that awareness of limb position is further reduced at the start of a movement. Additionally, participants were able to metacognitively monitor their movements because their confidence scaled with their accuracy in the task. Finally, differences in metacognitive processes between locations were found, with higher average confidence in the middle of a movement when accuracy was held constant. We conclude that people have a remarkable blindness to the properties of their own movements. As well, monitoring of a limb is significantly reduced at the start of a movement suggesting reduced attention to limb position at this time

关键词： Consciousness Metacognition Motor awareness Motor metacognition Reaching movement

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