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27th International Conference on Computers in Education, ICCE 2019

作者： Hou, Tai-Hsien Shen, Kuan-Ming Lee, Min-Hsien Program of Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taiwan Institute of Education National Sun Yat-sen University Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789869721448

The present study aimed to understand how undergraduates’ sourcing of online information related to their anxiety and perceived trustworthiness of online information. A total of 378 undergraduates participated in the present study that adapted three questionnaires to explore their sourcing, anxiety, and perceived trustworthiness of online information. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were employed to ensure the reliability and validity of these three instruments. The Structural Equational Modelling analysis was conducted to investigate the relationships among undergraduate students' sourcing, anxiety, and perceived trustworthiness of online information. The research findings indicated that sourcing online information by personal and multiple evaluation relates to metacognitive online searching strategies, and sourcing online information by authority evaluation relates to behavioral online searching strategy that relates to less anxiety and more perceived trustworthiness of online information. Based on the research findings, theoretical and practical suggestions for future research are provided. © ICCE 2019 - 27th International Conference on Computers in Education, Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Factor analysis

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EXTREME RAINFALL PROPAGATION WITHIN BOREAL SUMMER INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION MODULATED BY PACIFIC SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Strnad, Felix M. Schloer, Jakob Geen, Ruth Boers, Niklas Goswami, Bedartha Cluster of Excellence Machine Learning: New Perspectives for Science University of Tübingen Germany School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham United Kingdom Earth System Modelling School of Engineering & Design Technical University of Munich Germany Potsdam Istitute for Climate Impact Research Potsdam Germany Department of Mathematics and Global Systems Institute University of Exeter Exeter United Kingdom

Intraseasonal variations of the South Asian Summer Monsoon (SASM) contain alternating extreme rainfall (active) and low rainfall (break) phases impacting agriculture and economies. Their timing and spatial location are dominated by the Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation (BSISO), a quasi-periodic movement of convective precipitation from the equatorial Indian Ocean to the Western Pacific. However, observed deviations from the BSISO's canonical north-eastward propagation are poorly understood. Utilizing climate networks to characterize how active phases propagate within the SASM domain and using clustering analysis, we reveal three distinct modes of BSISO propagation: north-eastward, eastward-blocked, and stationary. We further show that Pacific sea surface temperatures modulate the modes - with El Niño- (La Niña-) like conditions favoring the stationary (eastward-blocked) - by changing local zonal and meridional overturning circulations and the BSISO Kelvin wave component. Using these insights, we demonstrate the potential for early warning signals of extreme rainfall until four weeks in advance. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Surface temperature

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Empowering Optimal Control with Machine learning: A Perspective from Model Predictive Control

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Weinan, E. Han, Jiequn Long, Jihao AI for Science Institute Beijing China Center for Machine Learning Research School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing China Center for Computational Mathematics Flatiron Institute New York10010 United States Program of Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton08544 United States

Solving complex optimal control problems have confronted computational challenges for a long time. Recent advances in machine learning have provided us with new opportunities to address these challenges. This paper takes model predictive control, a popular optimal control method, as the primary example to survey recent progress that leverages machine learning techniques to empower optimal control solvers. We also discuss some of the main challenges encountered when applying machine learning to develop more robust optimal control algorithms. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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Happiness takes effort: Exploring the relationship among academic grit, executive functions and well-being

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Personality and Individual Differences 2022年 199卷

作者： Liao, Yu-Hsiu Chen, Hsueh-Chih Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Chinese Language and Technology Center National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

Executive functions are the cognitive skills that help people attain their goals, while grit describes persistent efforts to attain success. However, little research has hitherto examined the relationships among grit, executive functions, and well-being. This empirical study helps fill that gap. Three self-report psychological instruments were administered to 214 university students, and simple direct regression applied to the collected data to analyze the effects of the three variables. The results indicated that grit had positive relationships with both executive functions and well-being. The implications of these findings, and the limitations of the study's methods, are also discussed. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Academic grit Executive functions University students Well-being

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VR training program for fire escape: learning progress predicted by the perception of fire presence, VR operational frustration, and gameplay self-efficacy

Computers and Education: X Reality

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Computers and Education: X Reality 2023年 3卷

作者： Hong, Jon-Chao Chan, Hsun-Yu Teng, Yun-Hsuang Tai, Kai-Hsin Lin, Chang-Zhen Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taiwan Department of Industrial Education National Taiwan Normal University 162 Sec 2 Ho-Ping E Rd Taipei City 106 Taiwan Department of Industrial Education National Taiwan Normal University Taiwan Global Program in Interdisciplinary Studies Soochow University Taiwan New Taipei Municipal Taishan Senior High School Taiwan

Most VR fire escape training programs only task learners to observe the procedure of fire escape in different simulated fire scenes. To improve the effectiveness of such training programs for everyone, we tested a “fire escape virtual reality training program” which takes advantage of the feedback on the action to help individuals to learn the necessary and correct steps of fire escape. The virtual program emulates a real fire scene by providing realistic visual and auditory stimuli. A single-group quasi-experimental study was carried out to measure the effectiveness of the program, and a total of 173 seventh- and eighth-grade students from a high school in New Taipei City participated. The results of structural equation modeling showed that 1) gameplay self-efficacy was negatively predicted by frustration, 2) fire presence positively predicted gameplay self-efficacy, and 3) gameplay self-efficacy positively predicted learning progress. The findings suggested that critical life-saving skills such as fire escape skills can be readily acquired and trained through individual virtual reality training programs. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Fire presence Fire safety Frustration Gameplay self-efficacy Virtual reality

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Effects of cognitive demand during acute exercise on inhibitory control and its electrophysiological indices: A randomized crossover study

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Physiology and Behavior 2023年 265卷 114148-114148页

作者： Chueh, Ting-Yu Hung, Chiao-Ling Chang, Yu-Kai Huang, Chung-Ju Hung, Tsung-Min Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Department of Kinesiology University of Maryland College Park MD United States Department of Athletics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence and Learning Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Sport Pedagogy University of Taipei Taipei Taiwan

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of cognitive demand during acute exercise on the behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of inhibitory control. In a within- participants design, 30 male participants (age range = 18–27 years) performed 20-min sessions of high cognitive-demand exercise (HE), low cognitive-demand exercise (LE), and an active control (AC) on separate days in a randomized order. A moderate-to-vigorous intensity interval step exercise was used as the exercise intervention. During the exercise periods, the participants were instructed to respond to the target among competing stimuli to impose different cognitive demands with their feet. A modified flanker task was administered to assess inhibitory control before and after the interventions, and electroencephalography was used to derive stimulus-elicited N2 and P3 components. Behavioral data showed that the participants performed significantly shorter reaction time (RT), regardless of congruency and a reduced RT flanker effect following HE and LE compared with the AC condition with large (ds = −0.934 to −1.07) and medium effect sizes (ds = −0.502 to −0.507), respectively. Electrophysiological data revealed that compared with the AC condition, acute HE and LE had facilitative effects on stimuli evaluation, as indicated by significantly shorter N2 latency for congruent trials and P3 latency regardless of congruency with medium effect sizes (ds = −0.507 to −0.777). Compared with the AC condition, only acute HE elicited more efficient neural processes in conditions requiring high inhibitory control demand, as indicated by significantly shorter N2 difference latency, with a medium effect size (d = −0.528). Overall, the findings suggest that acute HE and LE facilitate inhibitory control and the electrophysiological substrates of target evaluation. Acute exercise with higher cognitive demand may be associated with more refined neural processing for tasks demanding greater amounts of inhibit

关键词： Acute exercise, EEG Cognitive control Executive function

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Relationship between Dark Tetrad and affective well-being: Dark comic style as a mediator

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Personality and Individual Differences 2024年 216卷

作者： Chang, Yi-Tzu Chan, Yu-Chen Chen, Hsueh-Chih Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling National Tsing Hua University Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Chinese Language and Technology Centre National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Social Emotional Education and Development Center National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

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A Digital Photo Activity Intervention for Nursing Home Residents With Dementia and Their Carers: Mixed Methods Process Evaluation

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JMIR Formative research 2025年 9卷 e56586页

作者： Tan, Josephine Rose Orejana Neal, David P. Vilmen, Maria Boersma, Petra Ettema, Teake P. Gobbens, Robbert J.J. Sikkes, Sietske A.M. Dröes, Rose-Marie Department of Psychiatry Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Netherlands eHealth Living & Learning Lab Department of Medical Informatics Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam Netherlands Lectorate Health and Well-being of Frail Elderly People Faculty of Health Sports and Social Work Inholland University of Applied Sciences Amsterdam Netherlands Program Learning Improvement & Implementation Ben Sajet Centrum Amsterdam Netherlands Zonnehuisgroep Amstelland Amstelveen Netherlands Department of Family Medicine and Population Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium Tranzo Tilburg University Tilburg Netherlands Department of Clinical Neuro- & Developmental Psychology Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands Alzheimer Center Amsterdam Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam Netherlands Amsterdam Neuroscience Neurodegeneration Amsterdam Netherlands

Background: Within the framework of a randomized controlled trial investigating the impact of a digital, psychosocial photo activity intervention for residents living with dementia in nursing homes and their informal and formal carers, a process evaluation was conducted to determine factors that affected the implementation of the intervention and potentially influenced the intervention outcomes. Objective: By tracing facilitators and barriers to implementation, the study also aimed to inform future implementation of the photo activity intervention. Methods: Following Medical research Council guidance, mixed methods were used to investigate context, implementation, and mechanism-of-impact factors during the photo activity intervention via the Fotoscope web application versus a general conversation activity (control). Google Analytics was set up to gain insight into how the Fotoscope web application was used in practice. For quantitative data, descriptive statistics were calculated and differences between groups tested. For qualitative data, thematic analysis was performed. Results: In total, 163 semistructured interviews were conducted with residents (photo activity group: n=29, 17.8%;control: n=29, 17.8%), formal carers (photo activity group: n=23, 14.1%;control: n=27, 16.6%), and informal carers (photo activity group: n=28, 17.2%;control: n=27, 16.6%). Regarding contextual factors, a minority of formal carers in both groups (photo activity group: 4/18, 22%;control: 9/24, 38%) mentioned time and workload as barriers to implementing the intervention. Regarding implementation, 86% (25/29) of the residents in the intervention group felt that the digital photo activity worked well on a tablet. Informal carers from both groups wanted more intervention updates from formal carers. The majority of formal carers from both groups were satisfied with how the training and activities were implemented. Regarding the mechanisms of impact, residents in the photo activity group (27/

关键词： art dementia nursing home photos process evaluation psychosocial interventions social interaction

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The mismatch negativity to abstract relationship of tone pairs is independent of attention

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Scientific Reports 2023年第1期13卷 1-11页

作者： Hsu, Yi-Fang Tu, Chia-An Chen, Yuchun Liu, Huei-Mei Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 106308 Taiwan Department of Educational Psychology and Counselling National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 106308 Taiwan Center of Teacher Education Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City 242062 Taiwan Department of Special Education National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 106308 Taiwan

The mismatch negativity (MMN) implicating a comparison process between the deviant and the memory trace of the standard can be elicited by not only changes in physical features but also violations of abstract patterns. It is considered pre-attentive, yet the use of the passive design makes it difficult to exclude the possibility of attention leak. In contrast to how this issue has been well addressed with the MMN to physical changes, much less research directly investigated the attentional effect on the MMN to abstract relationships. Here we conducted an electroencephalography (EEG) experiment to study whether and how the MMN to abstract relationships is modulated by attention. We adapted the oddball paradigm of Kujala et al. by presenting occasional descending tone pairs among frequent ascending tone pairs, while additionally implementing a novel control of attention. Participants’ attention was either directed away from the sounds (with an engaging task of visual target detection, so that the sounds were task-irrelevant) or toward the sounds (with a conventional task of auditory deviant detection, so that the sounds were task-relevant). The MMN to abstract relationships appeared regardless of attention, confirming the pre-attentive assumption. The attention-independence of the frontocentral and supratemporal components of the MMN supported the notion that attention is not required to generate the MMN. At the individual level, a relatively equal number of participants showed attention enhancement and attention suppression. It is unlike the attentional modulation on the P3b, which was robustly elicited in the attended condition only. The concurrent collection of these two neurophysiological markers in both unattended and attended conditions might be potentially suitable for testing clinical populations showing heterogeneous deficits in auditory function independent/dependent of attention. © 2023, The Author(s).

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Ab Initio Generalized Langevin Equation

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Xie, Pinchen Car, Roberto Weinan, E. Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Chemistry Department of Physics Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States AI for Science Institute Beijing China Center for Machine Learning Research School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing China

We introduce a machine learning-based approach called ab initio generalized Langevin equation (AIGLE) to model the dynamics of slow collective variables in materials and molecules. In this scheme, the parameters are learned from atomistic simulations based on ab initio quantum mechanical models. Force field, memory kernel, and noise generator are constructed in the context of the Mori-Zwanzig formalism, under the constraint of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. Combined with deep potential molecular dynamics and electronic density functional theory, this approach opens the way to multi-scale modeling in a variety of situations. Here, we demonstrate this capability with a study of two mesoscale processes in crystalline lead titanate, namely the field-driven dynamics of a planar ferroelectric domain wall, and the dynamics of an extensive lattice of coarse-grained electric dipoles. In the first case, AIGLE extends the reach of ab initio simulations to a regime of noise-driven motions not accessible to molecular dynamics. In the second case, AIGLE deals with an extensive set of collective variables by adopting a local approximation for the memory kernel and retaining only short-range noise correlations. The scheme is computationally more efficient than molecular dynamics by several orders of magnitude, and mimics the microscopic dynamics at low frequencies where it reproduces accurately the dominant far-infrared absorption frequency. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Molecular dynamics

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