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Acute Exercise Effect on Neurocognitive Function Among Cognitively Normal Late-Middle-Aged Adults With/Without Genetic Risk of AD: The Moderating Role of Exercise Volume and APOE Genotype

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Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological sciences and Medical sciences 2024年第2期79卷 glad179页

作者： Chang, Yu-Kai Etnier, Jennifer L. Li, Ruei-Hong Ren, Fei-Fei Ai, Jing-Yi Chu, Chien-Heng Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Social Emotional Education and Development Center National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Department of Kinesiology University of North Carolina at Greensboro Greensboro NC United States Department of Physical Education Beijing Language and Culture University Beijing China

BACKGROUND: Acute exercise is a behavior that benefits cognitive function;however, its effect on populations with different risks for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the role of exercise variance and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on this effect remains unknown. This study explores the acute exercise effect on behavioral and neurocognitive function, and its potential moderation by exercise intensity and duration and APOE genetic risk. METHODS: Fifty-one cognitively normal adults (~36% APOE ε4 carriers) performed the Stroop task under a rest condition and 3 exercise conditions while electroencephalographic activity was assessed. RESULTS: Acute exercise improved cognitive performance assessed through both behavioral and neuroelectrical indices. These benefits were observed regardless of adjustments of intensity and duration at a predetermined exercise volume as well as being evident irrespective of APOE ɛ4 carrier status. CONCLUSIONS: Acute exercise could be proposed as a lifestyle intervention to benefit neurocognitive function in populations with and without genetic risk of AD. Future exploration should further the precise exercise prescription and also the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of acute exercise for neurocognitive function. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05591313. © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: ***@***.

关键词： Aerobic exercise APOE genotype ERP Executive function Exercise prescription

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Lavandula angustifolia Mill. inhibits high glucose and nicotine-induced Ca²⁺ influx in microglia and neuron-like cells via two distinct mechanisms

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Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy 2024年 177卷 117062-117062页

作者： Kim, Yoo Jin Lee, Min Kyung Kim, Uihwan Lee, Jeong-Min Hsieh, Yu Shan Seol, Geun Hee Department of Basic Nursing Science College of Nursing Korea University Seoul South Korea BK21 FOUR Program of Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems Graduate School Korea University Seoul South Korea Department KT&G Central Research Institute Daejeon South Korea Department of Nursing School of Nursing National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences Taipei Taiwan

Smoking remains a significant health problem in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study compared intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in microglia, neurons, and astrocytes in the presence of high glucose (HG) and n... 详细信息

Smoking remains a significant health problem in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study compared intracellular Ca²⁺ ([Ca²⁺]_i) in microglia, neurons, and astrocytes in the presence of high glucose (HG) and nicotine and evaluated the effects of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. essential oil (LEO) on this process. [Ca²⁺]_i concentrations were measured by monitoring the fluorescence of Fura-2 acetoxymethyl ester. Treatment with HG and nicotine significantly increased [Ca²⁺]_i in both microglia and neurons through Ca²⁺ influx from extracellular sources. This increased Ca²⁺ influx in microglia, however, was significantly reduced by LEO, an effect partially inhibited by the Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchanger (NCX) inhibitor Ni²⁺. Ca²⁺ influx in neuron-like cells pretreated with HG plus nicotine was also significantly decreased by LEO, an effect partially inhibited by the L-type Ca²⁺ channel blocker nifedipine and the T-type Ca²⁺ channel blocker mibefradil. LEO or a two-fold increase in the applied number of astrocytes attenuated Ca²⁺ influx caused by high glucose and nicotine in the mixed cells of the microglia, neuron-like cells and astrocytes. These findings suggest that LEO can regulate HG and nicotine-induced Ca²⁺ influx into microglia and neurons through two distinct mechanisms. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Ca2+ influx High glucose Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Microglia Neuron-like cells Nicotine

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Strategies to Overcome Barriers to Physical Activity Participation in Children and Adults Living With Congenital Heart Disease: A Narrative Review

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CJC pediatric and congenital heart disease 2024年第4期3卷 165-177页

作者： Sally E Gosbell Julian G Ayer David R Lubans Jeff S Coombes Andrew Maiorana Norman R Morris Derek L Tran Rachael L Cordina The University of Sydney School of Medicine Central Clinical School Sydney New South Wales Australia. Charles Perkins Centre Heart Research Institute Sydney New South Wales Australia. Heart Centre for Children the Sydney Children's Hospital Network Sydney New South Wales Australia. The University of Sydney Westmead Clinical School Sydney New South Wales Australia. Centre for Active Living and Learning College of Human and Social Futures University of Newcastle Callaghan New South Wales Australia. Active Living and Learning Program Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) Newcastle New South Wales Australia. Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland. Centre for research on Exercise Physical Activity and Health School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia. Allied Health Department Fiona Stanley Hospital Perth Western Australia Australia. Curtin School of Allied Health Curtin University Perth Western Australia Australia. School of Health Sciences and Social Work Menzies Health Institute Griffith University Gold Coast Queensland Australia. Metro North Hospital and Health Service the Prince Charles Hospital Allied Health Research Collaborative Chermside Queensland Australia. Department of Cardiology Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia.

Physical activity participation is critical for optimal physical, psychological, and cognitive health in children and adults living with congenital heart disease (CHD). Majority of the general population are not sufficiently active, and with the added psychological, physical, and socioeconomic barriers faced by individuals with CHD, it is unsurprising that many people living with CHD do not meet the recommendations for physical activity either. The aim of this review is to outline lifelong physical activity barriers faced by individuals living with CHD and provide age-appropriate strategies that can be used to ensure the development of long-term positive physical activity behaviours. Barriers to physical activity include safety fears, lack of encouragement, low exercise self-efficacy, body image concerns, limited education, socioeconomic status, reduced access to resources, and cardiac diagnosis and severity. These barriers are multifaceted and often begin in early childhood and continue to develop well into adulthood. Therefore, it is important for children to participate in physical activity from early stages of life as it has been shown to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular endurance, and quality of life. Current literature demonstrates that participation in physical activity and higher intensity exercise after appropriate screening is safe and should be encouraged rather than dissuaded in people born with a congenital heart condition.

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Integrative analysis of in vivo recording with single-cell RNA-seq data reveals molecular properties of light-sensitive neurons in mouse V1

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Protein & Cell 2020年第6期11卷 417-432页

作者： Jianwei Liu Mengdi Wang Le Sun Na Clara Pan Changjiang Zhang Junjing Zhang Zhentao Zuo Sheng He Qian Wu Xiaoqun Wang State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyInstitute of Brain-Intelligence Technology(Shanghai)Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China IDG/McGovem Institute for Brain Research Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Vision formation is classically based on projections from retinal ganglion cells(RGC)to the lateral geniculate nucleus(LGN)and the primary visual cortex(V1).Neurons in the mouse V1 are tuned to light *** the cellular information of the retina and the LGN has been widely studied,the transcriptome profiles of single light-stimulated neuron in V1 remain *** our study,in vivo calcium imaging and whole-cell electrophysiological patch-clamp recording were utilized to identify 53 individual cells from layer 2/3 of V1 as lightsensitive(LS)or non-light-sensitive(NS)by single-cell light-evoked calcium evaluation and action potential *** contents of each cell after functional tests were aspirated in vivo through a patch-clamp pipette for mRNA ***,the three-dimensional(3-D)morphological characterizations of the neurons were reconstructed in a live mouse after the whole-cell *** sequencing results indicated that V1 neurons with a high expression of genes related to transmission regulation,such as Rtn4r and Rgs7,and genes involved in membrane transport,such as Na+/K+ATPase and NMDA-type glutamatergic receptors,preferentially responded to light ***,an antagonist that blocks Rtn4r signals could inactivate the neuronal responses to light stimulation in live *** conclusion,our findings of the vivo-seq analysis indicate the key role of the strength of synaptic transmission possesses neurons in V1 of light sensory.

关键词： light sensitivity vivo-seq patch-seq calcium imaging in vivo whole cell recording in vivo

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Attribute prototype network for zero-shot learning 34

Attribute prototype network for zero-shot learning

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34th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2020

作者： Xu, Wenjia Xian, Yongqin Wang, Jiuniu Schiele, Bernt Akata, Zeynep Max Planck Institute for Informatics Saarland Informatics Campus Saarbrücken Germany Cluster of Excellence Machine Learning University of Tübingen Germany School of Electronic University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

From the beginning of zero-shot learning research, visual attributes have been shown to play an important role. In order to better transfer attribute-based knowledge from known to unknown classes, we argue that an image representation with integrated attribute localization ability would be beneficial for zero-shot learning. To this end, we propose a novel zero-shot representation learning framework that jointly learns discriminative global and local features using only class-level attributes. While a visual-semantic embedding layer learns global features, local features are learned through an attribute prototype network that simultaneously regresses and decorrelates attributes from intermediate features. We show that our locality augmented image representations achieve a new state-of-the-art on three zero-shot learning benchmarks. As an additional benefit, our model points to the visual evidence of the attributes in an image, e.g. for the CUB dataset, confirming the improved attribute localization ability of our image representation. © 2020 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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Free-Space Optical Space Division Multiplexing for Smart Healthcare

Free-Space Optical Space Division Multiplexing for Smart Hea...

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International Conference on Network and Information Systems for Computers (ICNISC)

作者： Angela Amphawan Ayaz Anwar Seng-Kai Ong Juliana Sutanto Tse-Kian Neo Khoirul Anwar Photonics Laboratory School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Petaling Jaya Malaysia Elasticities Research Cluster Sunway University Selangor Malaysia Department of Biological Sciences School of Medical and Life Sciences Sunway University Petaling Jaya Malaysia Institute for Digital Education and Learning Multimedia University Cyberjaya Malaysia Lancaster University Management School University of Lancaster Lancaster UK University Center of Excellence for Advanced Intelligent Communications Telkom University Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665453523

The rise in the number of patients during the pandemic has prompted hospitals to extend their services beyond in-person visits and increase contactless patient monitoring. This paper reviews the landscape of smart healthcare based on free space optics and space division multiplexing for reducing contact between doctors and patients. A conceptual framework for a FSO space division multiplexing system is presented for contactless patient monitoring using OAM modes. Contactless free space optical technology is poised to make healthcare services more relevant to the lifestyle of the modern citizen in smart cities.

关键词： Integrated optics Patient monitoring Hospitals Pandemics Smart cities Space technology Optical fiber networks

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Practicing drum on VR to promote rhythm performance: Exploring the learning progress related to incremental belief of rhythm, gameplay anxiety, flow experience, and perceived learning value

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Entertainment Computing 2024年 48卷

作者： Tai, Kai-Hsin Hong, Jon-Chao Chen, Kuan-Fong Lin, Chan-Li Global Program in Interdisciplinary Studies Soochow University No. 70 Linhsi Road Taipei City111002 Taiwan Chinese Language and Technology Center National Taiwan Normal University No. 162 Section 1 Heping East Road Taipei106308 Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University No. 162 Section 1 Heping East Road Taipei106308 Taiwan Continuing Education Master's Program of Creativity Development National Taiwan Normal University No. 162 Section 1 Heping East Road Taipei106308 Taiwan Cultural and Creative Industries Management National Taipei University of Education No. 34 Section 2 Heping East Road Taipei106026 Taiwan

Virtual technology in teaching can enrich the content and bring more possibilities. The present study used a virtual reality system named "Jazz-Drum-VR" which embedded a function to analyze learners' performance of simulating jazz drumming. The system enabled learners to know their mistakes and correct them based on its spontaneous feedback to promote the effectiveness of their rhythm learning. To understand whether this game could effectively enhance students' rhythm performance, this study adopted the cognitive-affective theory of multimedia to explore the relationship between students' gameplay anxiety, flow experience, and learning effectiveness when playing "Jazz-Drum-VR." Using purposive sampling, students in a high school were invited to take part in a quasi-experimental single-group time serial study involving five sessions over a period of 4 weeks. A total of 67 useful data were collected after Jazz-Drum-VR practices, and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling analysis were performed. Results revealed that rhythm incremental beliefs can negatively predict gameplay anxiety and positively predict flow experience;flow experience can positively predict perceived learning value and learning effectiveness;and perceived learning value can positively predict learning progress. The results implied that practicing Jazz-Drum-VR could significantly promote rhythm accuracy. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Virtual reality

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Acute high-intensity interval exercise improves food-related cognition in young adults with obesity: An ERP study

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International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology 2024年第1期24卷 100430-100430页

作者： Xie, Chun Alderman, Brandon L. Meng, Fanying Chen, Ying-Chu Chang, Yu-Kai Wang, Kun Department of Physical Education Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Kinesiology and Health Center of Alcohol and Substance Use Studies Rutgers University – New Brunswick New Brunswick NJ United States Institute of Physical Education Huzhou University Huzhou China Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Social Emotional Education and Development Center National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

Purpose Cognitive function, particularly food-related cognition, is critical for maintaining a healthy weight and preventing the acceleration of obesity. High-Intensity Interval Exercise (HIIE) is an increasingly popular form of exercise and has been shown to improve physical fitness and cognitive function. However, there is limited research on the effects and underlying mechanisms of HIIE on general and food-related cognition among adults with obesity. The aim of the current study was to examine the influence of a single bout of HIIE on food-related cognition among young adults with obesity. Methods Fifteen young men with obesity (BMI = 33.88 ± 4.22, age = 24.60 ± 5.29 years) were recruited. Participants took part in a HIIE condition consisting of 30 minutes of stationary cycle exercise (5-min warm-up, 20-min HIIE and 5-min cool down), and a control session consisting of a time and attention-matched period of sedentary rest in a counterbalanced order. Behavioral (reaction time and accuracy) and event-related potential measures (P3 and the late positive potential, LPP) elicited during a food-related Flanker task were measured after the HIIE and control session. Results Shorter response times were observed following HIIE, regardless of congruency or picture type, with no change in accuracy. Increased P3 and LPP amplitudes were observed following HIIE relative to the control session. Conclusion The findings suggest a single bout of HIIE has a beneficial effect on general and food-related cognition among young adults with obesity, with increased recruitment of cognitive resources to support cognitive control. Future research is warranted to examine the dose-response relationship between acute bouts or longer participation in HIIE on food-related cognition in obesity. © 2023

关键词： Food-related cognition High-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) LPP Obesity P3

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Does wet-cupping therapy improve repeated sprint ability,perceived wellness,and rating of perceived exertion in young active males?

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第4期6卷 378-384页

作者： Ismail Dergaa Amine Ghram Mohamed Romdhani Amine Souissi Achraf Ammar Ramadan Abdelmoez Farahat Mohamed Saifeddin Fessi Khadijeh Irandoust Morteza Taheri Tasnim Masmoudi Mohamed Amine Dergaa Nizar Souissi Omar Hammouda Katja Weiss Karim Chamari Helmi Ben Saad Beat Knechtle Primary Health Care Corporation(PHCC) DohaP.O.Box 26555Qatar Research Unit Physical Activity Sportand HealthUR18JS01National Observatory of SportTunis 1003Tunisia High Institute of Sport and Physical Education University of SfaxSfaxTunisia Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation Heart HospitalHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar Universite de Sousse Faculte de Medecine de SousseHopital Farhat HACHEDLaboratoire de Recherche(Insuffisance CardiaqueLR12SP09)SousseTunisia Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection(HL-PIVOT)Network ChicagoILUSA Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences Physiology and Psychology:Physical ActivityHealth and LearningUFR STAPSUPLParis Nanterre UniversityNanterreFrance Department of Training and Movement Science Institute of Sport ScienceJohannes Gutenberg-University Mainz55128 MainzGermany Research Laboratory Molecular Bases of Human PathologyLR19ES13Faculty of Medicine of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSfax 3029Tunisia Faculty of Medicine Kafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh33511Egypt Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences in Sport Faculty of Sport Sciences and HealthUniversity of TehranIran University of Sousse Farhat HACHED HospitalForensic ServiceSousseTunisia Medbase St.Gallen Am Vadianplatz St.GallenSwitzerland Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine HospitalFIFA Medical Centre of ExcellenceDohaP.O.Box 29222Qatar Institute of Primary Care University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

Wet-cupping therapy(WCT)is one of the oldest known medical techniques,used as a traditional and complementary therapy with a wide application all around the world for general *** on the effects of WCT on sports performance are sparse and ***,we aimed to explore the effects of WCT on repeated sprint ability,wellness,and exertion in young active ***-nine active adult males(age:[28±5]years;body height[177±8]cm;body mass:[79±7]kg;body mass index:[25.4±1.8]kg/m^(2))were selected for the *** participants performed a running-based sprint test on two separate occasions(Control and Post-WCT).WCT was performed 24 h before the testing *** completed the Hooper questionnaire to assess their well-being(i.e.,sleep,stress,fatigue,and soreness)before each *** rating of perceived exertion(RPE)was collected after each testing session.A higher maximum power(p<0.05,effect size[ES]=0.6),mean power(p<0.01,ES=0.5)and minimum power(p<0.01,ES=0.6)were recorded post-WCT as compared to Control session along with a better perceived sleep(p<0.01,ES=0.85).Perceived stress(p<0.01,ES=0.6)and RPE(p<0.001;ES=1.1)were lower during the post-WCT compared to the Control *** present findings demonstrated that WCT moderately enhanced repeated sprint ability and had positive effects on perceived sleep,stress,and *** may be an effective ergogenic aid to improve repeated sprint ability and general wellbeing in young adult *** large-scale multicentric clinical studies are paramount to confirm the results of our study.

关键词： Alternative medicine Complementary medicine Hijama Short-term maximal performance Sports medicine

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The effects of acute aerobic and resistance exercise on the planning aspect of executive functions in children with preterm birth

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International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 2024年第9期22卷 2137-2150页

作者： Ren, Fei-Fei Feng, Sheng-Hsien Li, Ruei-Hong Chu, Chien-Heng Chang, Yu-Kai Chen, Feng-Tzu Department of Physical Education Beijing Language and Culture University Beijing China Department of Leisure Industry Management National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Social Emotional Education and Development Center National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Department of Sports Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan

Acute exercise has been shown to facilitate executive function (EF) in children. However, the extent to which acute exercise improves EF in children with preterm birth (PB) remains unknown. Furthermore, whether different types of exercise, such as aerobic exercise (AE) or resistance exercise (RE), have differential effects on EF in children with PB also remains unexplored. The present study investigated whether acute exercise performed by children with PB is beneficial for specific EF domains, such as planning, which is impacted by developmental deterioration in children with PB. We also determined the specific effects on EF moderated by AE and RE in children with PB. A total of 30 children with PB completed three sessions (AE, RE, control) for 30 minutes each, using a within-subjects crossover post-test comparison design. Following each session, the children performed a Tower of London (TOL) task, a neuropsychological test that measures the planning aspects of EF. The results revealed that compared with the control session, following acute exercise, the TOL task was performed with a fewer total move score, a shorter total executive time, and total problem-solving time, suggesting that acute exercise was beneficial for improved planning-related move and time efficiency. The present study also showed that children in either AE or RE exhibited similar and positive beneficial outcomes on the planning aspect of EF compared with those in sedentary control. These findings suggest that acute exercise, regardless of the exercise type, has the potential to facilitate EF in children with PB. © 2023 International Society of Sport Psychology.

关键词： cognitive function Physical activity planning Tower of London task

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