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National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic (vol 13, 517, 2022)

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS 2022年第1期13卷 517-517页

作者： Van Bavel, Jay J. Cichocka, Aleksandra Capraro, Valerio Sjastad, Hallgeir Nezlek, John B. Pavlovic, Tomislav Alfano, Mark Gelfand, Michele J. Azevedo, Flavio Birtel, Michele D. Cislak, Aleksandra Lockwood, Patricia L. Ross, Robert Malcolm Abts, Koen Agadullina, Elena Aruta, John Jamir Benzon Besharati, Sahba Nomvula Bor, Alexander Choma, Becky L. Crabtree, Charles David Cunningham, William A. De, Koustav Ejaz, Waqas Elbaek, Christian T. Findor, Andrej Flichtentrei, Daniel Franc, Renata Gjoneska, Biljana Gruber, June Gualda, Estrella Horiuchi, Yusaku Huynh, Toan Luu Duc Ibanez, Agustin Imran, Mostak Ahamed Israelashvili, Jacob Jasko, Katarzyna Kantorowicz, Jaroslaw Kantorowicz-Reznichenko, Elena Krouwel, Andre Laakasuo, Michael Lamm, Claus Leygue, Caroline Lin, Ming-Jen Mansoor, Mohammad Sabbir Marie, Antoine Mayiwar, Lewend Mazepus, Honorata McHugh, Cillian Minda, John Paul Mitkidis, Panagiotis Olsson, Andreas Otterbring, Tobias Packer, Dominic J. Perry, Anat Petersen, Michael Bang Puthillam, Arathy Riano-Moreno, Julian C. Rothmund, Tobias Santamaria-Garcia, Hernando Schmid, Petra C. Stoyanov, Drozdstoy Tewari, Shruti Todosijevic, Bojan Tsakiris, Manos Tung, Hans H. Umbres, Radu G. Vanags, Edmunds Vlasceanu, Madalina Vonasch, Andrew Yucel, Meltem Zhang, Yucheng Abad, Mohcine Adler, Eli Akrawi, Narin Mdarhri, Hamza Alaoui Amara, Hanane Amodio, David M. Antazo, Benedict G. Apps, Matthew Ay, F. Ceren Ba, Mouhamadou Hady Barbosa, Sergio Bastian, Brock Berg, Anton Bernal-Zarate, Maria P. Bernstein, Michael Bialek, Michal Bilancini, Ennio Bogatyreva, Natalia Boncinelli, Leonardo Booth, Jonathan E. Borau, Sylvie Buchel, Ondrej Cameron, C. Daryl Carvalho, Chrissie F. Celadin, Tatiana Cerami, Chiara Chalise, Hom Nath Cheng, Xiaojun Cian, Luca Cockcroft, Kate Conway, Jane Cordoba-Delgado, Mateo Andres Crespi, Chiara Crouzevialle, Marie Cutler, Jo Cypryanska, Marzena Dabrowska, Justyna Daniels, Michael A. Davis, Victoria H. Dayley, Pamala N. Delouvee, Sylvain Denkovski, Ognjan Dezecache, Guillaume Dhaliwal, Nathan A. Diato, Department of Psychology and Neural Science New York University New York NY USA School of Psychology University of Kent Canterbury England Department of Economics Middlesex University London London England Department of Strategy and Management Norwegian School of Economics Bergen Norway SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities Poznań Poland Department of Psychological Sciences College of William and Mary Williamsburg VA USA Institute of Social Sciences Ivo Pilar Zagreb Croatia Department of Philosophy Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia Stanford Graduate School of Business Stanford University Stanford CA USA Institute of Communication Science Friedrich-Schiller University Jena Jena Germany School of Human Sciences Institute for Lifecourse Development University of Greenwich London England Department of Experimental Psychology University of Oxford Oxford England Center for Human Brain Health School of Psychology University of Birmingham Birmingham England Department of Psychology Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia KU Leuven Leuven Belgium National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) Moscow Russia De La Salle University Manila Philippines Department of Psychology University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa Department of Political Science Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark X University Toronto Canada Department of Government Dartmouth College Hanover NH USA Department of Psychology University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Gatton College of Business and Economics University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA Department of Mass Communication National University of Science and Technology (NUST) Islamabad Pakistan Department of Management Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences Comenius University Bratislava Slovakia IntraMed Buenos Aires Argentina Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts North Macedonia Republic of North Macedonia University of Colorado Boulder Bould

Changing collective behaviour and supporting non-pharmaceutical interventions is an important component in mitigating virus transmission during a pandemic. In a large international collaboration (Study 1, N = 49,968 across 67 countries), we investigated self-reported factors associated with public health behaviours (e.g., spatial distancing and stricter hygiene) and endorsed public policy interventions (e.g., closing bars and restaurants) during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020). Respondents who reported identifying more strongly with their nation consistently reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies. Results were similar for representative and non-representative national samples. Study 2 (N = 42 countries) conceptually replicated the central finding using aggregate indices of national identity (obtained using the World Values Survey) and a measure of actual behaviour change during the pandemic (obtained from Google mobility reports). Higher levels of national identification prior to the pandemic predicted lower mobility during the early stage of the pandemic (r = −0.40). We discuss the potential implications of links between national identity, leadership, and public health for managing COVID-19 and future pandemics. Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

关键词： Viral infection Human behaviour

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Whole-genome sequencing analyses suggest novel genetic factors associated with Alzheimer's disease and a cumulative effects model for risk liability

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Nature communications 2025年第1期16卷 4870页

作者： Jun Pyo Kim Minyoung Cho Chanhee Kim Hyunwoo Lee Beomjin Jang Sang-Hyuk Jung Yujin Kim In Gyeong Koh Seoyeon Kim Daeun Shin Eun Hye Lee Jong-Young Lee YoungChan Park Hyemin Jang Bo-Hyun Kim Hongki Ham Beomsu Kim A-Hyun Cho Towfique Raj Hee Jin Kim Duk L Na Sang Won Seo Joon-Yong An Hong-Hee Won Alzheimer's Disease Convergence Research Center Samsung Medical Center Seoul Republic of Korea. Department of Neurology Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. Neuroscience Center Samsung Medical Center Seoul Republic of Korea. Department of Digital Health Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST) Sungkyunkwan University Seoul Republic of Korea. Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea. L-HOPE Program for Community-Based Total Learning Health Systems Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea. Department of Health Sciences and Technology Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST) Sungkyunkwan University Seoul Republic of Korea. Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA. Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA. Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA. Department of Medical Informatics Kangwon National University College of Medicine Chuncheon Republic of Korea. Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA. Indiana Alzheimer Disease Research Center Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA. Oneomics Co. Ltd Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea. Division of Bio Bigdata Department of Precision Medicine Korea National Institution of Health Cheongju Republic of Korea. Department of Neurology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul National University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA. Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA. Alzheimer's Disease Convergen

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on Alzheimer's disease (AD) have predominantly focused on identifying common variants in Europeans. Here, we performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 1,559 individuals from a Korean AD cohort to identify various genetic variants and biomarkers associated with AD. Our GWAS analysis identified a previously unreported locus for common variants (APCDD1) associated with AD. Our WGS analysis was extended to explore the less-characterized genetic factors contributing to AD risk. We identified rare noncoding variants located in cis-regulatory elements specific to excitatory neurons associated with cognitive impairment. Moreover, structural variation analysis showed that short tandem repeat expansion was associated with an increased risk of AD, and copy number variant at the HPSE2 locus showed borderline statistical significance. APOE ε4 carriers with high polygenic burden or structural variants exhibited severe cognitive impairment and increased amyloid beta levels, suggesting a cumulative effects model of AD risk.

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The Brain Tumor Segmentation in Pediatrics (BraTS-PEDs) Challenge: Focus on Pediatrics (CBTN-CONNECT-DIPGR-ASNR-MICCAI BraTS-PEDs)

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kazerooni, Anahita Fathi Khalili, Nastaran Liu, Xinyang Gandhi, Deep Jiang, Zhifan Anwar, Syed Muhammed Albrecht, Jake Adewole, Maruf Anazodo, Udunna Anderson, Hannah Baid, Ujjwal Bergquist, Timothy Borja, Austin J. Calabrese, Evan Chung, Verena Conte, Gian-Marco Dako, Farouk Eddy, James Ezhov, Ivan Familiar, Ariana Farahani, Keyvan Franson, Andrea Gottipati, Anurag Haldar, Shuvanjan Iglesias, Juan Eugenio Janas, Anastasia Johansen, Elaine Jones, Blaise V. Khalili, Neda Kofler, Florian LaBella, Dominic Lai, Hollie Anne Van Leemput, Koen Li, Hongwei Bran Maleki, Nazanin McAllister, Aaron S. Meier, Zeke Menze, Bjoern Moawad, Ahmed W. Nandolia, Khanak K. Pavaine, Julija Piraud, Marie Poussaint, Tina Prabhu, Sanjay P. Reitman, Zachary Rudie, Jeffrey D. Sanchez-Montano, Mariana Shaikh, Ibraheem Salman Sheth, Nakul Tu, Wenxin Wang, Chunhao Ware, Jeffrey B. Wiestler, Benedikt Zapaishchykova, Anna Bornhorst, Miriam Deutsch, Michelle Fouladi, Maryam Lazow, Margot Mikael, Leonie Hummel, Trent Kann, Benjamin de Blank, Peter Hoffman, Lindsey Aboian, Mariam Nabavizadeh, Ali Packer, Roger Bakas, Spyridon Resnick, Adam Rood, Brian Vossough, Arastoo Linguraru, Marius George Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Neurosurgery University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation Children’s National Hospital WashingtonDC United States Sage Bionetworks United States Lab Crestview Radiology Lagos Nigeria McGill University MontrealQC Canada Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Division of Computational Pathology Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisIN United States Department of Neurosurgery The University of Southern California CA United States Department of Radiology Duke University Medical Center DurhamNC United States Mayo Clinic MN United States Center for Global Health Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Informatics Technical University Munich Germany TranslaTUM - Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research Technical University of Munich Germany Cancer Imaging Program National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health BethesdaMD United States C. S. Mott Children’s Hospital University of Michigan MI United States Biomedical Engineering Rutgers University New BrunswickNJ United States Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital BostonMA United States Yale University New HavenCT United States PrecisionFDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration Silver SpringMD United States Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center OH United States Helmholtz AI Helmholtz Munich Germany Department of Radiation Oncology Duke University Medical Center DurhamNC United States Department of Radiology Children’s Health Orange County CA United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of De

关键词： Deep learning

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Characterising acute and chronic care needs: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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Nature communications 2025年第1期16卷 4235-4235页

作者： Cecilia Anza-Ramirez J. Jaime Miranda Benedetta Armocida Jorge César Correia Harriette Gillian Christine Van Spall David Beran Amirali Aali Kalkidan Hassen Abate Semagn Mekonnen Abate Cristiana Abbafati Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari Zahra Aryan Sina Azadnajafabad Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari Mohammad Keykhaei Javad Khanali Sara Momtazmanesh Fateme Montazeri Shayan Rahmani Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi Nazila Rezaei Negar Rezaei Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam Ali-Asghar Kolahi Ali Nikoobar Hedayat Abbastabar Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem Michael Abdelmasseh Juan Sanabria Sherief Abd-Elsalam Ahmed Abdelwahab Gholamreza Abdoli Mohammad Abdollahi Meriem Abdoun Deldar Morad Abdulah Abu Yousuf Md Abdullah Ame Mehadi Abdurehman Getachew Abebe Aidin Abedi Chirag P. Doshi Vida Abedi Hassan Abidi Richard Gyan Aboagye Hassan Abolhassani Nima Rezaei Lucas Guimarães Abreu Michael R. M. Abrigo Yonas Derso Abtew Hiwa Abubaker Ali Eman Abu-Gharbieh Hiba Jawdat Barqawi Rabih Halwani Maha Mohamed Saber-Ayad Iman M. Talaat Ahmed Abu-Zaid Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi Juan Manuel Acuna Denberu Eshetie Adane Tigist Demssew Adane Isaac Yeboah Addo Giovanni Addolorato Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo Victor Adekanmbi Miracle Ayomikun Adesina Isaac Iyinoluwa Olufadewa Olatunji O. Adetokunboh Daniel Adedayo Adeyinka Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi Muhammad Sohail Afzal Saira Afzal Gina Agarwal Prerna Agarwal Pradyumna Agasthi Anurag Agrawal Marcela Agudelo-Botero Adolfo Martinez-Valle Bright Opoku Ahinkorah Aqeel Ahmad Sajjad Ahmad Sohail Ahmad Tauseef Ahmad Ali Ahmadi Siamak Sabour Keivan Ahmadi Sanjay Basu Sepideh Ahmadi Ali Ahmed Shaun Wen Huey Lee Ayman Ahmed Haroon Ahmed Jivan Qasim Ahmed Gahin Abdulraheem Tayib Yahya Yahya Luai A. Ahmed Iffat Elbarazi Syed Mahboob Shah Janardhana P. Aithala Marjan Ajami Budi Aji Hossein Akbarialiabad Yibeltal Akelew Meisam Akhlaghdoust Elham Jamshidi Addis Aklilu Azene Tesfaye Melat Woldemariam Maxwell Ak CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru School of Medicine Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Department of Cardiovascular Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy Division of Endocrinology Diabetology Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education Department of Medicine Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Department of Medicine and Department of Health Research Evidence and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Research Institute of St. Joe’s Hamilton ON Canada Population Health Research Institute Hamilton Canada Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Jimma University Jimma Ethiopia Anesthesiology Department Dilla University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Social Determinants of Health Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard University Boston MA USA Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Chapter of Addiction Medicine University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Advanced Diagnostic and Intervent

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care addresses short-term conditions. Chronic conditions increasingly strain health systems, which are often unprepared for these demands. This study examines the burden of conditions requiring acute versus chronic care, including sequelae. Conditions and sequelae from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 were classified into acute or chronic care categories. Data were analysed by age, sex, and socio-demographic index, presenting total numbers and contributions to burden metrics such as Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), Years Lived with Disability (YLD), and Years of Life Lost (YLL). Approximately 68% of DALYs were attributed to chronic care, while 27% were due to acute care. Chronic care needs increased with age, representing 86% of YLDs and 71% of YLLs, and accounting for 93% of YLDs from sequelae. These findings highlight that chronic care needs far exceed acute care needs globally, necessitating health systems to adapt accordingly. © 2025. The Author(s).

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Author Correction: Concordance of randomised controlled trials for artificial intelligence interventions with the CONSORT-AI reporting guidelines

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Nature communications 2024年第1期15卷 6376页

作者： Alexander P L Martindale Carrie D Llewellyn Richard O de Visser Benjamin Ng Victoria Ngai Aditya U Kale Lavinia Ferrante di Ruffano Robert M Golub Gary S Collins David Moher Melissa D McCradden Lauren Oakden-Rayner Samantha Cruz Rivera Melanie Calvert Christopher J Kelly Cecilia S Lee Christopher Yau An-Wen Chan Pearse A Keane Andrew L Beam Alastair K Denniston Xiaoxuan Liu Brighton and Sussex Medical School Brighton UK. Department of Primary Care and Public Health Brighton and Sussex Medical School Brighton UK. Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust Birmingham UK. Christ Church University of Oxford Oxford UK. University College London Medical School London UK. Institute of Inflammation and Ageing University of Birmingham Birmingham UK. University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK. National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre University of Birmingham Birmingham UK. York Health Economics Consortium University of York Birmingham UK. Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois USA. Centre for Statistics in Medicine//UK EQUATOR Centre Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences University of Oxford Oxford UK. Centre for Journalology Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Ottowa Canada. Department of Bioethics The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Canada. Genetics & Genome Biology Research Program Peter Gilgan Centre for Research & Learning Toronto Canada. Division of Clinical and Public Health Dalla Lana School of Public Health Toronto Canada. Australian Institute for Machine Learning University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia. Birmingham Health Partners Centre for Regulatory Science and Innovation University of Birmingham Birmingham UK. Centre for Patient Reported Outcomes Research (CPROR) Institute of Applied Health Research College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK. NIHR Applied Research Collaboration (ARC) West Midlands University of Birmingham Birmingham UK. NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit (BTRU) in Precision Transplant and Cellular Therapeutics University of Birmingham Birmingham UK. Google Health London UK. University of Washington Seattle WA USA. Nuffield Department of Women's and Rep

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Correction to: Debiasing versus knowledge retrieval checklists to reduce diagnostic error in ECG interpretation

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Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice 2019年第3期24卷 441-442页

作者： Matt Sibbald Jonathan Sherbino Jonathan S Ilgen Laura Zwaan Sarah Blissett Sandra Monteiro Geoffrey Norman Department of Medicine Centre for Simulation Based Learning McMaster University 1200 Main St W Hamilton ON Canada. Sibbald@mcmaster.ca. McMaster Faculty of Health Sciences Education Research Innovation and Theory Program McMaster University Hamilton Canada. Sibbald@mcmaster.ca. McMaster Faculty of Health Sciences Education Research Innovation and Theory Program McMaster University Hamilton Canada. Department of Emergency Medicine and Center for Leadership and Innovation in Medical Education University of Washington Seattle USA. Institute of Medical Education Research Rotterdam Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands. University of California San Francisco USA. Department of Medicine Centre for Simulation Based Learning McMaster University 1200 Main St W Hamilton ON Canada. Department of Health Research Methods Evidence and Impact McMaster University Hamilton Canada.

Due to an unfortunate turn of events, Fig. 3 was omitted from the original publication.

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The Brain Tumor Segmentation (BraTS) Challenge 2023: Focus on Pediatrics (CBTN-CONNECT-DIPGR-ASNR-MICCAI BraTS-PEDs)

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kazerooni, Anahita Fathi Khalili, Nastaran Liu, Xinyang Haldar, Debanjan Jiang, Zhifan Anwar, Syed Muhammed Albrecht, Jake Adewole, Maruf Anazodo, Udunna Anderson, Hannah Bagheri, Sina Baid, Ujjwal Bergquist, Timothy Borja, Austin J. Calabrese, Evan Chung, Verena Conte, Gian-Marco Dako, Farouk Eddy, James Ezhov, Ivan Familiar, Ariana Farahani, Keyvan Haldar, Shuvanjan Iglesias, Juan Eugenio Janas, Anastasia Johansen, Elaine Jones, Blaise V. Kofler, Florian LaBella, Dominic Lai, Hollie Anne Van Leemput, Koen Li, Hongwei Bran Maleki, Nazanin McAllister, Aaron S. Meier, Zeke Menze, Bjoern Moawad, Ahmed W. Nandolia, Khanak K. Pavaine, Julija Piraud, Marie Poussaint, Tina Prabhu, Sanjay P. Reitman, Zachary Rodriguez, Andres Rudie, Jeffrey D. Sanchez-Montano, Mariana Shaikh, Ibraheem Salman Shah, Lubdha M. Sheth, Nakul Shinohara, Russel Taki Tu, Wenxin Viswanathan, Karthik Wang, Chunhao Ware, Jeffrey B. Wiestler, Benedikt Wiggins, Walter Zapaishchykova, Anna Aboian, Mariam Bornhorst, Miriam de Blank, Peter Deutsch, Michelle Fouladi, Maryam Hoffman, Lindsey Kann, Benjamin Lazow, Margot Mikael, Leonie Nabavizadeh, Ali Packer, Roger Resnick, Adam Rood, Brian Vossough, Arastoo Bakas, Spyridon Linguraru, Marius George Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Neurosurgery University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation Children’s National Hospital WashingtonDC United States Department of Neurosurgery Thomas Jefferson University Hospital PA United States Sage Bionetworks United States Lab Crestview Radiology Lagos Nigeria McGill University MontrealQC Canada Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Neurosurgery The University of Southern California CA United States Department of Radiology Duke University Medical Center United States Mayo Clinic MN United States Center for Global Health Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Informatics Technical University Munich Germany TranslaTUM - Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research Technical University of Munich Germany Cancer Imaging Program National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health BethesdaMD United States Biomedical Engineering Rutgers University New BrunswickNJ United States Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital BostonMA United States Yale University New HavenCT United States PrecisionFDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration Silver SpringMD United States Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center United States Helmholtz AI Helmholtz Munich Germany Department of Radiation Oncology Duke University Medical Center United States Department of Radiology Children’s Health Orange County CA United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of Denmark Denmark Department of Radiol

Pediatric tumors of the central nervous system are the most common cause of cancer-related death in children. The five-year survival rate for high-grade gliomas in children is less than 20%. Due to their rarity, the diagnosis of these entities is often delayed, their treatment is mainly based on historic treatment concepts, and clinical trials require multi-institutional collaborations. The MICCAI Brain Tumor Segmentation (BraTS) Challenge is a landmark community benchmark event with a successful history of 12 years of resource creation for the segmentation and analysis of adult glioma. Here we present the CBTN-CONNECT-DIPGR-ASNR-MICCAI BraTS-PEDs 2023 challenge, which represents the first BraTS challenge focused on pediatric brain tumors with data acquired across multiple international consortia dedicated to pediatric neuro-oncology and clinical trials. The BraTS-PEDs 2023 challenge focuses on benchmarking the development of volumentric segmentation algorithms for pediatric brain glioma through standardized quantitative performance evaluation metrics utilized across the BraTS 2023 cluster of challenges. Models gaining knowledge from the BraTS-PEDs multi-parametric structural MRI (mpMRI) training data will be evaluated on separate validation and unseen test mpMRI dataof high-grade pediatric glioma. The CBTN-CONNECT-DIPGR-ASNR-MICCAI BraTS-PEDs 2023 challenge brings together clinicians and AI/imaging scientists to lead to faster development of automated segmentation techniques that could benefit clinical trials, and ultimately the care of children with brain tumors. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Tumors

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Ambiguity and inference processing in verbal jokes: Analyses of eye movement

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Bulletin of Educational Psychology 2019年第4期50卷 587-609页

作者： Lu, Hsin-I Chan, Yu-Chen Chen, Hsueh-Chih Institute of Learning Sciences and Technologies National Tsing Hua University Taiwan Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences National Tsing Hua University Taiwan Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling National Taiwan Normal University Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences Chinese Language and Technology Center Most AI Biomedical Research Center Taiwan

Humor is a high-level cognitive ability in humans. In jokes, it is the humor-generating technique and not the content of the humorous stimulus that generates amusement. Eye-tracking techniques can provide a direct and objective recording of participants’ internal representations in various cognitive and affective processes. The present study thus aimed to compare the cognitive and affective processes associated with distinct humor techniques (i.e., ambiguity and inference jokes) by using eye-tracking techniques, with both objective eye movement indices and subjective ratings. Sixty-eight participants participated in two experiments that had within-subjects designs. Experiment 1 investigated various categories of ambiguity jokes by using stimulus categories (phonological jokes, phonological nonjokes, semantic jokes, semantic nonjokes, syntactic jokes, and syntactic nonjokes) as independent variables and both objective eye movement indices (first pass gaze duration, total viewing time, average fixation counts, regression counts, and average pupil size) and subjective ratings (comprehensibility and funniness) as dependent variables. Results supported the hypothesis that first-pass gaze durations for setup lines do not differ significantly between jokes and nonjokes. Additionally, total viewing time and regression counts were shorter and lower, respectively, while reading phonologically ambiguous jokes than for syntactically ambiguous ones. Experiment 2 compared the effects of semantically inferential and semantically ambiguous jokes. The experimental design was the same as in experiment 1, except that the stimulus categories were semantically ambiguous jokes, semantically ambiguous nonjokes, bridging inferential jokes, bridging inferential nonjokes, elaborative inferential jokes, and elaborative inferential nonjokes. Results demonstrated that total viewing time was longer, regression counts were higher, and average pupil size was bigger for inferential jokes (bridging

关键词： Ambiguity jokes Eye tracking Humor techniques Inference jokes Joke categories

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Exploring the process of generating group creativity within a science teacher group

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Bulletin of Educational Psychology 2019年第1期51卷 109-134页

作者： Liu, Chia-Yu Lin, Wei-Wen Wu, Chao-Jung Department of Educational Psychology & Counseling National Taiwan Normal University Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences Taiwan Department of Education (Master Program of Educational Innovation and Evaluation) National Taipei University of Education Taiwan

Creative teaching is becoming essential in sparking student’s interests and enhancing their performances. To improve teaching, teacher learning group is a good way to support teacher competence development. However, few studies have focused on how teachers make effective dialogue and generate creativity with others within a teacher learning group. Thus, we adapted Csikszentmihalyi’s systems model to reveal the way of the dialogue within a middle school science teaching group affected the developing process of group creativity. The mixed-method approach was adopted and data from video recordings and semi-structured interview during 2016-2017 were collected. We used constant comparative analysis to analyze the data. First, twenty-eight dialogue elements of group creativity in first order and nine in second order were identified. Next, a serial of Mann-Whitney U tests was conducted to examine the general and unique dialogue elements. After modifying by the interview data, the Interactional Group Creativity Model was constructed. In this model, group members would discuss fluently with the general dialogue elements. Furthermore, group creativity would be promoted with the unique dialogue elements, which are contained in five stages: 1. Goal-oriented context stage: Group members achieve shared understanding in group goals and directions;2. Expanding stage: Group members demonstrate multiple teaching ideas proposing, alternative solution raising, and teaching resources sharing to broaden the group’s thinking and knowledge;3. Understanding stage: Group members perform illustration seeking, explaining, and feedback to reinforce group’s knowledge basis in this stage;4. Suspending stage: By distracting their attentions temporarily, group members consider more possibilities and developed appropriate ideas;5. Information elaborating stage: Within the spiral circulation of the two stages, ideas and information are elaborated through contextualization and combination. It is notew

关键词： Group creativity Scientific creative teaching Teacher learning group

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QEEG markers of superior shooting performance in skilled marksmen: An investigation of cortical activity on psychomotor efficiency hypothesis

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Psychology of sport and exercise 2023年 65卷 102320页

作者： Ming-Yang Cheng Kuo-Pin Wang Michael Doppelmayr Fabian Steinberg Tsung-Min Hung Calvin Lu Ying Ying Tan Bradley Hatfield School of Psychology Beijing Sport University No. 48 Xinxi Road Haidian District Beijing 100084 China. Center for Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC) Bielefeld University Inspiration 1 33619 Bielefeld Germany Neurocognition and Action - Biomechanics Research Group Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany. Institute of Sports Science Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Albert Schweitzerstr. 22 55128 Mainz Germany. School of Kinesiology Louisiana State University 112 Long Field house Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences National Taiwan Normal University No.162 Sec. 1 Heping E. Rd. Da an Dist. Taipei 106 Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science National Taiwan Normal University No.162 Sec. 1 Heping E. Rd. Da an Dist. Taipei 106 Taiwan. Department of Kinesiology University of Maryland at College Park 4200 Valley Dr College Park MD 20742 USA University of Maryland. Department of Veterans Affairs War Related Illness and Injury Study Center (WRIISC) Washington DC 20422 USA. Neuroscience and Cognitive Sciences Program University of Maryland at College Park 4090 Union Drive College Park MD 20742 USA. Electronic address: ying2@umd.edu. Neuroscience and Cognitive Sciences Program University of Maryland at College Park 4090 Union Drive College Park MD 20742 USA.

For elite performers, psychomotor behavior's success or failure can be traced to differences in brain dynamics. The psychomotor efficiency hypothesis suggests refined cortical activity through 1) selective activation of task-relevant processes and 2) inhibition of non-essential processes. The use of electroencephalography (EEG) has been applied to investigate psychomotor performance's neural processes. The EEG markers that reflect an elevation of psychomotor efficiency include left temporal alpha (T3 alpha), frontal midline theta (Fm theta), sensorimotor rhythm (SMR), and the coherence between frontal and left temporal regions. However, the relationship between elite performers' task-relevant and non-essential neural processes is still not well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to explore how each task-relevant and inhibition of non-essential processes contribute to superior psychomotor behavior. Thirty-five highly skilled marksmen were recruited to perform 30 shots in the shooting task while the EEG was recorded. The marksmen were divided into two groups (superior & inferior) based on a median split of shooting performance. The superior group exhibited higher accuracy and precision, with a reduction in movement jerk. EEG measures revealed that the superior group exhibited higher SMR before the trigger pull than the inferior group. In addition, the superior group demonstrated reduced Fz-T3 coherence in their bull's eye shots than the missed shots. These results suggest that the superior group exhibited less effortful engagement of task-relevant processes and lower interference from non-essential cortical regions than the inferior group. The study's overall findings support the psychomotor efficiency hypothesis. When comparing highly skilled performers, the slight differences in brain dynamics ultimately contribute to the success or failure of psychomotor performance.

关键词： athlete neural processes neurofeedback sensorimotor rhythm sport performance

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