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The Effects of Implicit Belief of Intelligence on Metacognitive Skills and Project Design Engagement in an invention practice

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International Journal of Technology and Design Education 2023年第3期33卷 921-936页

作者： Hong, Jon-Chao Gu, Jianjun Tsai, Chi-Ruei Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University 162 Heping East Road Section 1 Taipei Taiwan School of Education Science Nanjing Normal University No.1 Wenyuan Road Qixia District Nanjing China International Master Program in STEM Education National Pingtung University No. 1 Linsen Rd. Pingtung County Pingtung City900393 Taiwan P. O. Box 7-513 Taipei Taiwan

Drawing on Dweck and Leggett’s (1988) implicit beliefs of intelligence framework, the present study explored the incremental belief of intelligence (IBI) and how it correlated to metacognitive skills that reflected vocational students’ project design engagement. Data were collected from students from 2 vocational high schools involved in project design for a national invention exhibition. In all, 196 useful returns were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis with structural equation modeling. Study results indicated that there was a positive relationship between IBI and the three types of metacognitive skills: planning and thinking strategies, being aware and monitoring, and evaluating and revising. Moreover, planning and thinking strategies as well as being aware and monitoring were positively related to project design engagement, but no significant relationship could be found between evaluating and revising and project design engagement. Vocational school teachers may refer to this study to encourage their students to practice metacognitive skills in device design so as to reach a high level of behavioral engagement in finding and solving problems during the invention process. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.

关键词： Patents and inventions

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Effects of exercise intensity and duration at a predetermined exercise volume on executive function among Apolipoprotein E (APOE)-ɛ4 carriers

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Current Psychology 2023年第25期42卷 22050-22061页

作者： Chang, Yu-Kai Karageorghis, Costas I. Wang, Chun-Chin Li, Ruei-Hong Chen, Feng-Tzu Fang, Ren-Yu Hung, Tsung-Min Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Department of Life Sciences Brunel University London Middlesex United Kingdom Office of Physical Education Soochow University Taipei Taiwan Department of Sports Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan

Emerging evidence indicates that acute exercise improves executive function, but its effects on higher-order executive functioning skills among people with a risk of Alzheimer’s disease are not well understood. This study addressed the effects of acute exercise on the planning dimension of executive function among late middle-age adults who carried Apolipoprotein (APOE)-ɛ4. Exercise volume was kept constant, but exercise intensity and duration were manipulated. Eighteen adults in the age range 55–70 years who carried APOE-ɛ4 were recruited for a laboratory-based study set in a within-subjects, counterbalanced design. There was a reading control condition along with three exercise conditions: Acute cycle exercise at a moderate intensity for 30 min (MI-30);higher intensity exercise of a shorter duration (16 min);and lower intensity exercise of a longer duration (40 min). Exercise volume was set with reference to energy expenditure in MI-30. The Tower of London Test was administered at the end of each condition. Acute aerobic exercise improved cognitive performance in regard to move-related scores and time-related scores, but not violation-related scores, when compared to the control condition. There was no difference in terms of the facilitation effect among the three exercise conditions. The present findings indicate that acute aerobic exercise, regardless of intensity/duration manipulation, facilitates higher-order executive function in late middle-aged APOE-ɛ4 carriers. Practitioners should, accordingly, consider exercise as a suitable intervention for those at risk of Alzheimer’s disease. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Aerobic exercise APOE genotype Executive function Exercise prescription Planning

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Applying Content-Based Instruction in Seventh-Grade Food-and-Agriculture English learning with a Robot-Facilitated Board Game

Applying Content-Based Instruction in Seventh-Grade Food-and...

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International Conference on Advanced learning Technologies (ICALT)

作者： Yu-Jie Li Cheng-Ji Lai Vivien Lin Nian-Shing Chen Graduate Institute of Children's English National Changhua University of Education Changhua Taiwan ROC Department of English National Taichung University of Education Taichung Taiwan ROC Program of Learning Sciences Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan ROC

This study integrated robots and tangible objects (R&T) to realize content-based instruction, game-based learning, and embodied cognition in language education. The researchers developed a robot-facilitated board game (RFBG) to facilitate seventh-graders with learning chickens-and-eggs vocabulary and knowledge in English. The purpose was (a) to investigate target seventh-graders' knowledge acquisition, word acquisition, and word recognition, and (b) to examine their learning experience with the game play. This paper adopted mixed-methods research design through a single-group experiment at a private junior high school. By immersing in a game narrative with elements such as digital dice-rolling, answering leveled questions, using playing cards, and oral practice, the participants improved significantly in terms of word acquisition and recognition, and their overall feedback via RFBG was positive. The results inform EFL practitioners about how to better integrate educational robots and tangible objects into content-based language learning.

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The attentional bias of gelotophobes towards emotion words containing the Chinese character for ‘laugh’: An eye-tracking approach

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Current Psychology 2023年第19期42卷 16330-16343页

作者： Lee, Yen-Lin Chen, Hsueh-Chih Chan, Yu-Chen Institute of Learning Sciences and Technologies National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Chinese Language and Technology Center National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan MOST AI Biomedical Research Center Taipei Taiwan Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling National Tsing Hua University 101 Sec. 2 Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Cognitive and Human Affective Neuroscience Laboratory CHAN Lab NTHU Hsinchu Taiwan Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences NTHU Hsinchu Taiwan

Gelotophobes are typically characterized by the fear of laughter, social withdrawal, and humorlessness, possibly related to negative experiences of being laughed at in the past. The present study seeks to expand our understanding of gelotophobia through a relatively novel approach: using eye-tracking to investigate the attentional bias of gelotophobes and non-gelotophobes towards negative emotion words that do and do not contain the Chinese character for “laugh,” by comparing responses to negative ridicule words (RID), negative contempt words (CONT), positive pleasure words (PLE) and neutral words (NEU). Results of the start time of the first run of fixations showed that gelotophobes and non-gelotophobes both focused on negative words before other words. Gelotophobes’ attentional bias towards RID and CONT was greater than that of non-gelotophobes in first gaze duration, percentage of total viewing duration, total fixation count, and run count, suggesting that gelotophobes had greater difficulty in disengaging their attention from negative to neutral words. Non-gelotophobes’ attentional bias, however, towards negative ridicule neutral words (RID-NEU) and negative contempt neutral words (CONT-NEU) was greater than that of gelotophobes, suggesting that non-gelotophobes were more able to shift attention from negative to neutral words. Moreover, gelotophobes paid significantly more attention to RID than CONT, suggesting that gelotophobes displayed a longer and stronger attentional bias towards RID (containing the “laugh” character). Interestingly, there was no difference for PLE between gelotophobes and non-gelotophobes. The present study contributes to our understanding of the attentional bias of gelotophobes and non-gelotophobes towards emotion words. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Contempt words Emotion Eye movement Humor Laughter Negative attentional bias Ridicule words

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Determination of Suitable Bioactive Glass-Polymer Film Conditioned Medium Extracts for Potential Applications in Tissue Regeneration: A Preliminary Study 6th

Determination of Suitable Bioactive Glass-Polymer Film Condi...

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6th Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering, BioMed 2021

作者： Samsurrijal, Siti Fatimah Noor, Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd Sujon, Mamun Khan Musa, Khirun Craniofacial and Biomaterial Sciences Cluster Advanced Medical and Dental Institute Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang Kepala Batas13200 Malaysia Dental Stimulation and Virtual Learning Research Excellence Consortium Advanced Medical and Dental Institute Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang Kepala Batas13200 Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9783030907235

Composite film combining bioactive particles with natural and synthetic polymer has received greater attention for enhanced cytocompatibility properties. The current study aimed to determine human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSC) responses towards different concentration of bioactive glass/poly-Ɛ-caprolactone/chitosan (BG/PCL/CS) films conditioned medium extract using Alamar Blue assay. The samples were incubated in simulated body fluid (SBF) and the pH was assessed during the 21 days of incubation. Briefly, BG/PCL/CS at optimize weight percentages in acetic acid solution were prepared using solvent casting method and left to dry under fume hood for 48 h. The BG/PCL/CS films were incubated in culture medium at 200 mg/ml for 24 h at 37 ℃ and was serially diluted until 0.78 mg/ml with culture medium and supplemented before exposure to HMSC. The effects of the conditioned mediums are not consistent and not in dose dependent order towards HMSC cell’s viability and proliferation. Higher conditioned medium extracts concentration tends to reduce cell proliferation. The pH of the samples tends to approach equilibrium at pH 7 for 21 days duration when incubated in SBF that may be contributed by the sample’s compositions. Thus, suitable concentration or dose ratio of the samples is important to reduce cytotoxicity before further biocompatibility assessment is conducted. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Polymer films

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Underrepresentation of Participants From Marginalized Racial and Ethnic Groups: A Secondary Analysis of the Cognitive Rehabilitation Literature

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Archives of Rehabilitation research and Clinical Translation 2025年

作者： Kersey, Jessica Garcia, Patricia Evans, Emily Ahonle, Zaccheus J. Jethani, Pooja Arango-Lasprilla, Juan Carlos Kumar, Devina Lequerica, Anthony H. Morel Valdes, Gloria M. Salinas, Paige Parrott, Devan Program in Occupational Therapy Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO United States Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN United States Department of Physical Therapy Boston University Sargent College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences Boston MA United States Department of Counseling Higher Education Leadership Educational Psychology and Foundations Mississippi State University MS United States Program in Occupational Therapy MGH Institute of Health Professions Boston MA United States Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA United States Physical Therapy Department University of Rhode Island Kingston RI United States Center for Traumatic Brain Injury Research Kessler Foundation East Hanover NJ United States Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School Newark NJ United States Neuropsychology Brooks Rehabilitation Jacksonville FL United States Learning Services a Collage Rehab Partner Lakewood CO United States

Objective: To examine the inclusion of people with brain injury from racially and ethnically marginalized groups in cognitive rehabilitation clinical trials. Data Sources: We conducted a secondary analysis of the Cicerone et al (2019) cognitive rehabilitation review. Study Selection: Of the originally included studies, we excluded those not conducted in the United States, along with case studies and case series studies. Data Extraction: We extracted data on the racial and ethnic demographics of the study samples, along with eligibility criteria and recruitment and sampling strategies. We examined demographic data descriptively (frequencies and percentages) and examined other study methods thematically. Data Synthesis: Sixty-five studies met criteria for inclusion in this secondary analysis. Of these, only 27 reported on the racial and ethnic demographics of the study samples. In all but 8, White non-Hispanic participants were overrepresented. We identified several frequently employed recruitment strategies and eligibility criteria that may disproportionately exclude participants from minoritized racial and ethnic groups, including English language, literacy, and baseline education requirements, exclusion based on comorbid conditions, and recruitment of participants from existing clinic patient pools. Conclusions: We found notable underrepresentation of people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) from racially and ethnically marginalized groups in cognitive rehabilitation clinical trials, which have been used to guide practice and research. This underrepresentation likely exacerbates disparities in rehabilitation access and outcomes among marginalized groups. Further research should seek to comprehensively understand current recruitment and sampling strategies that contribute to this problem and identify opportunities to improve inclusivity in TBI rehabilitation research. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Brain injuries Clinical trials Cognitive training Diversity, equity, inclusion Rehabilitation Rehabilitation research

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Perspectives on the integration of technology and assessment

Perspectives on the integration of technology and assessment

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IADIS International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory learning in Digital Age, CELDA 2009

作者： Pellegrino, James W. Quellmalz, Edys S. Learning Sciences Research Institute University of Illinois at Chicago 1007 West Harrison Street M/C 057 Chicago IL 60607 United States Mathematics Science and Technology Program WestEd 400 Seaport Court Redwood City CA 94063 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781627483346

This paper considers uses of technology in educational assessment from the perspective of innovation and support for teaching and learning. It first examines large-scale testing contexts where the applications are focused mainly on logistics such as test development, administration, scoring and reporting. It contrasts these cases with more innovative assessment cases from both large-scale testing and classroom based contexts where attempts have been made to harness the power of technology to provide rich, authentic tasks that elicit aspects of integrated knowledge, critical thinking, and problem solving. The latter aspects of cognition are seldom well addressed by traditional testing programs and approaches. Strategies for developing balanced assessment systems are also considered and these involve articulating curriculum-embedded, benchmark, and summative assessments across classroom, district, state, national, and international levels. The paper concludes with perspectives on the potential of technology to launch a new era of integrated, learning-centered assessment systems.

关键词： Problem solving

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Effects of working memory and relevant knowledge on reading texts and infographics

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Reading and Writing 2023年第9期36卷 2319-2343页

作者： Liu, Chia-Yu Wu, Chao-Jung Research Center for Testing and Assessment National Academy for Educational Research No. 2 Sanshu Rd. Sanxia Dist. New Taipei City 237201 Taiwan Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling/Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University No. 162 Sec. 1 Heping E. Rd. Taipei 106209 Taiwan

Infographics are a new type of reading material comprising textual and visual information that has been used worldwide. Nonetheless, there has been limited research investigating people’s infographic-reading performance and the characteristics of superior readers. This study adopted Chinese texts and infographics as materials and employed eye-tracking technology to assess how working memory and relevant knowledge affected 137 college students’ reading comprehension, as indicated by reading accuracy (ACC), and reading efficiency, which in turn was indicated by reading time (RT) and total fixation duration (TFD). For texts, verbal working memory (VWM) exhibited no effects on individuals’ reading performance;visuospatial working memory (VSWM) exerted positive effects on both ACC and TFD, and participants with higher knowledge demonstrated better ACC. For infographics, higher-VWM participants showed greater ACC, and higher-VSWM participants displayed a longer RT and TFD, though the effect of knowledge was limited. Moreover, a significant interaction effect of VWM and relevant knowledge on the TFD of infographics was observed, indicating that individuals’ prior knowledge or experience might structure schemas in an infographic and then act with VWM to accelerate reading speed. This study improves our understanding of how working memory and relevant knowledge impact the processing of materials with different synthesized levels, and its implications for instruction and research are discussed. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.

关键词： Eye-tracking methodology Infographic Relevant knowledge Working memory

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iSTEAM contest on enhancing self-confidence in making miniature models: correlate to mastery orientation, engagement and interest

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research in Science & Technological Education 2023年第2期41卷 444-461页

作者： Jon-Chao Hong Chi-Ruei Tsai Kai-Hsin Tai a Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan b Department of Education and Human Potentials Development National Dong Hwa University Hualien Taiwan

ABSTRACTABSTRACTBackgroundStudents need to practice their hands-on skills when they are young to develop confidence for their future careers. Nowadays, iSTEAM (integrated science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics) contests provide opportunities for participants to experience meaningful and challenging hands-on tasks that may foster learning, and to generate positive attitudes that may enhance their self-confidence in their ability to make miniature *** understand the relations between mastery orientation of hands-on tasks, hands-on making interest, engagement, and self-confidence enhancement in an iSTEAM (integrated science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics) *** sample consisted of 212 junior high students including 131 males and 81 females who were preparing to join the iSTEAM *** and MethodData were collected from 212 questionnaires and subjected to confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling using AMOS *** results indicated that mastery orientation of hands-on tasks was positively related to hands-on making interest and engagement. Engagement was positively related to hands-on making interest, and hands-on making interest and engagement were positively related to self-confidence *** with high levels of mastery orientation might gain higher self-confidence, mediated by their interest and engagement in a science and technology hands-on making contest.

关键词： Engagement hands-on making interest mastery orientation self-confidence enhancement

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Characterising acute and chronic care needs: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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Nature communications 2025年第1期16卷 4235-4235页

作者： Cecilia Anza-Ramirez J. Jaime Miranda Benedetta Armocida Jorge César Correia Harriette Gillian Christine Van Spall David Beran Amirali Aali Kalkidan Hassen Abate Semagn Mekonnen Abate Cristiana Abbafati Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari Zahra Aryan Sina Azadnajafabad Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari Mohammad Keykhaei Javad Khanali Sara Momtazmanesh Fateme Montazeri Shayan Rahmani Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi Nazila Rezaei Negar Rezaei Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam Ali-Asghar Kolahi Ali Nikoobar Hedayat Abbastabar Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem Michael Abdelmasseh Juan Sanabria Sherief Abd-Elsalam Ahmed Abdelwahab Gholamreza Abdoli Mohammad Abdollahi Meriem Abdoun Deldar Morad Abdulah Abu Yousuf Md Abdullah Ame Mehadi Abdurehman Getachew Abebe Aidin Abedi Chirag P. Doshi Vida Abedi Hassan Abidi Richard Gyan Aboagye Hassan Abolhassani Nima Rezaei Lucas Guimarães Abreu Michael R. M. Abrigo Yonas Derso Abtew Hiwa Abubaker Ali Eman Abu-Gharbieh Hiba Jawdat Barqawi Rabih Halwani Maha Mohamed Saber-Ayad Iman M. Talaat Ahmed Abu-Zaid Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi Juan Manuel Acuna Denberu Eshetie Adane Tigist Demssew Adane Isaac Yeboah Addo Giovanni Addolorato Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo Victor Adekanmbi Miracle Ayomikun Adesina Isaac Iyinoluwa Olufadewa Olatunji O. Adetokunboh Daniel Adedayo Adeyinka Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi Muhammad Sohail Afzal Saira Afzal Gina Agarwal Prerna Agarwal Pradyumna Agasthi Anurag Agrawal Marcela Agudelo-Botero Adolfo Martinez-Valle Bright Opoku Ahinkorah Aqeel Ahmad Sajjad Ahmad Sohail Ahmad Tauseef Ahmad Ali Ahmadi Siamak Sabour Keivan Ahmadi Sanjay Basu Sepideh Ahmadi Ali Ahmed Shaun Wen Huey Lee Ayman Ahmed Haroon Ahmed Jivan Qasim Ahmed Gahin Abdulraheem Tayib Yahya Yahya Luai A. Ahmed Iffat Elbarazi Syed Mahboob Shah Janardhana P. Aithala Marjan Ajami Budi Aji Hossein Akbarialiabad Yibeltal Akelew Meisam Akhlaghdoust Elham Jamshidi Addis Aklilu Azene Tesfaye Melat Woldemariam Maxwell Ak CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru School of Medicine Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Department of Cardiovascular Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy Division of Endocrinology Diabetology Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education Department of Medicine Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Department of Medicine and Department of Health Research Evidence and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Research Institute of St. Joe’s Hamilton ON Canada Population Health Research Institute Hamilton Canada Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Jimma University Jimma Ethiopia Anesthesiology Department Dilla University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Social Determinants of Health Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard University Boston MA USA Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Chapter of Addiction Medicine University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Advanced Diagnostic and Intervent

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care addresses short-term conditions. Chronic conditions increasingly strain health systems, which are often unprepared for these demands. This study examines the burden of conditions requiring acute versus chronic care, including sequelae. Conditions and sequelae from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 were classified into acute or chronic care categories. Data were analysed by age, sex, and socio-demographic index, presenting total numbers and contributions to burden metrics such as Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), Years Lived with Disability (YLD), and Years of Life Lost (YLL). Approximately 68% of DALYs were attributed to chronic care, while 27% were due to acute care. Chronic care needs increased with age, representing 86% of YLDs and 71% of YLLs, and accounting for 93% of YLDs from sequelae. These findings highlight that chronic care needs far exceed acute care needs globally, necessitating health systems to adapt accordingly. © 2025. The Author(s).

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