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作者： Lukman, Rebeka Lozano, Rodrigo Vamberger, Tamara Krajnc, Majda Nigrad D.d. R and D Department Zagrebška 30 SI-2000 Maribor Slovenia Sustainability Research Institute School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT United Kingdom Primary School Videm Videm pri Ptuju 47 SI-2284 Videm pri Ptuju Slovenia University of Maribor Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Laboratory for Process System Engineering and Sustainable Development Smetanova 17 SI-2000 Maribor Slovenia

It is widely acknowledged that environmental literacy, in the early stages of education, can provide a strong foundation for future environmental behaviours, as well as help in the transition towards more sustainable societies. This paper is based upon an evaluation of the environmental attitudes of students in a primary school in rural Slovenia. The attitudes were assessed according to the students' behaviours in their family (primary) and school (secondary) and family contexts. The results show that traditional teaching, in this school, accounts for only one-third of the recognised factors that influence the students' environmental behaviours. The other factors that foster environmental behaviours include the primary and secondary social environments, the structural and infrastructural condition in the school, and gender, where emotional attitudes play a key role. The authors suggest that, in order to more adequately address the gap between learning and acting, school administrators, teachers, parents, and other stakeholders should integrate an array of sustainability issues throughout formal and informal efforts so as to more effectively encourage the development of positive environmental attitudes, and behaviours among their youth and among themselves as role models. Additionally, school principals are urged to improve infrastructural and structural, attitudinal and procedural parameters at the schools, and to change the curricula in order to foster pro-environmental behaviours. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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A novel organic solvent stable serine protease from a newly isolated Serratia sp.

A novel organic solvent stable serine protease from a newly ...

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2012 AIChE Annual Meeting, AIChE 2012

作者： Chopra, Lipsy Rikhi, Ramit Sahoo, Debendra K. Biochemical Engineering Research and Process Development Centre CSIR Institute of Microbial Technology Chandigarh India

ISBN: (纸本)9780816910731

Abstract During our screening for novel proteases, a Serratia sp. was isolated from alkaline soils the Himalayas, a biodiversity rich hotspot and identified according to polyphasic approach which includes morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The protease was purified to homogeneity by acetone precipitation followed by gel filtration using Sephacryl S-100. The intact molecular mass of purified protease was determined by MALDI TOF and SDS-PAGE. The enzyme was highly active in the pH range of 6.0 to 11.0 and the optimum pH and temperature were found to be 7.5 and 50°C, respectively. The protease was characterized as serine protease based on the studies on class specific inhibitors and retained 92 % and 99 % of its activity in the presence of sodium perborate (0.5 %, w/v) and dodecyl benzene sulphonate (0.1 %, w/v), respectively. High stability in presence of detergents such as sodium dodecyl sulphate (0.1 %, w/v), Tween 80 (1.0 %, w/v), Triton X-100 (1.0 %, w/v) and organic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate and hexane (25 % and 50 % v/v) and its performance in stain removal makes this Serratia protease as an ideal choice for industrial applications such as in detergent, leather, food, pharmaceutical and chemical synthesis industries.

关键词： Organic solvents

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Advanced Fuel Cycle : Status and Technology development at KAERI

Advanced Fuel Cycle : Status and Technology Development at K...

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The 2nd China-Japan Academic Symposium on Nuclear Fuel Cycle(ASNFC2013)(第二届中日核燃料循环学术研讨会)

作者： J.H.Lee G.I.Park H.D.Kim H.S.Lee J.W.Lee J.M.Hur J.K.Kim S.W.Paek I.J.Cho W.I.Ko I.T.Kim Department of Nanomaterials Engineering Chungnam National University 79 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-764 Republic of Korea Nuclear Fuel Cycle Process Development Division Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute 1045 Daedukdaero Yuseong Daejeon 305-353 Republic of Korea Graduate School of Green Energy TechnologyChungnam National University 79 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-764 Republic of Korea Nuclear Fuel Cycle Process Development Division Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute 1045 Daedukdaero Yuseong Daejeon 305-353 Republic of Korea

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Integration of solar thermal energy into processes with heat demand

Integration of solar thermal energy into processes with heat...

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作者： Nemet, Andreja Kravanja, Zdravko Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír Faculty of Information Technology Research Institute of Chemical and Process Engineering University of Pannonia Egyetem utca 10 Veszprém 8200 Hungary Laboratory for Process Systems Technology and Sustainable Development Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Maribor Smetanova ulica 17 Maribor 2000 Slovenia

An integration of solar thermal energy can reduce the utility cost and the environmental impact. A proper integration of solar thermal energy is required in order to achieve it. The objective of this study is to maximise the solar thermal energy delivered to the process. It is a result of trade-off between the captured solar thermal energy and maximal energy delivered to the process (process demand). Two novel curves are introduced to present this trade-off: (i) The Captured Solar Energy Curve (CSEC), which represents the available amount of heat from solar source and (ii) The Minimal Capture Temperature Curve (MCTC), indicating the minimal temperature making the heat transfer feasible. The crossing point of these two curves presents the minimal temperature of the capture being still sufficiently high to be usable for processes. The suitability of these curves for using in combination with standard heat integration methods is analysed and evaluated. The capture potential is revealed in full when the CSEC and MCTC are used with the Grand Composite Curve. In Total Site Profiles, the heat recovery is first maximised and then the CSEC and MCTC tool is applied. The implementation of CSEC and MCTC approach is illustrated by two case studies. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Solar thermal energy

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Evaluation for rock phosphate solubilization in fermentation and soil-plant system using a stress-tolerant phosphate-solubilizing Aspergillus niger WHAK1

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Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 2013年第1期169卷 123-33页

作者： Chunqiao Xiao Huaxiang Zhang Yujuan Fang Ruan Chi Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education National Engineering Research Center of Phosphate Resources Development and Utilization Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430073 China.

A strain WHAK1, identified as Aspergillus niger, was isolated from Yichang phosphate mines in Hubei province of China. The fungus developed a phosphate solubilization zone on modified National Botanical research institute's phosphate growth (NBRIP) agar medium, supplemented with tricalcium phosphate. The fungus was applied in a repeated-batch fermentation process in order to test its effect on solubilization of rock phosphate (RP). The results showed that A. niger WHAK1 could effectively solubilize RP in NBRIP liquid medium and released soluble phosphate in the broth, which can be illustrated by the observation of scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Acidification of the broth seemed to be the major mechanism for RP solubilization by the fungus. Indeed, multiple organic acids (mainly gluconic acid) were detected in the broth by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. These organic acids caused a significant drop of pH and an obvious rise of titratable acidity in the broth. The fungus also exhibited high levels of tolerance against temperature, pH, salinity, and desiccation stresses, although a significant decline in the fungal growth and release of soluble phosphate was marked under increasing intensity of stress parameters. Further, the fungus was introduced into the soil supplemented with RP to analyze its effect on plant growth and phosphate uptake of wheat plants. The result revealed that inoculation of A. niger WHAK1 significantly increased the growth and phosphate uptake of wheat plants in the RP-amended soil compared to the control soil.

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Increasing the hydroformability of stainless steel 321 by multistep processing

Increasing the hydroformability of stainless steel 321 by mu...

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14th International Conference on Metal Forming, METAL FORMING 2012

作者： Anderson, Melissa Bocher, Philippe Gholipour, Javad Jahazi, Mohammad Savoie, Jean Wanjara, Priti Mechanical Engineering Department École de Technologie Supérieure Montreal Canada National Research Council Canada Institute for Aerospace Research Aerospace Manufacturing Technology Centre Montreal Canada Pratt and Whitney Canada Special Process Development Group Longueuil Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783514007970

The application of the tube hydroforming process for the manufacture of aerospace components is relatively new and challenging due to the limited formability of high strength alloys used for aerospace applications. A multistep forming process, including intermediate heat treatment steps, has been proposed as a viable solution for increasing the hydroformability of these alloys. Interrupted free expansion tests were used in this study to emulate the multistep forming. Initially, free expansion tests were performed up to the burst point to determine the maximum pressure. An automated 3D deformation measurement system, ARAMIS®, was used to measure the strain distribution along the tube length as well as to measure the bulge height (expansion) as a function of time. Based on the strain distribution results obtained from ARAMIS®, a pause pressure corresponding to about 80% of the burst or maximum pressure was selected as the interruption point of the free expansion test in order to apply a softening heat treatment to restore the formability of the material. After this free expansion and softening cycle, the tube was then hydroformed up to the burst *** results indicated that the inclusion of an intermediate heat treatment before the second forming step increased the expansion from 9.5 mm to 12 mm, a 26% increase. Interestingly, in addition to the higher expansion, the pressure required to reach a specific level of expansion was reduced by half due to the softening effect of the intermediate heat treatment and thinning of the tubes from the first forming step. © 2012 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

关键词： High strength alloys

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Scaffolds: 3D Structural Patterns in Scalable, Elastomeric Scaffolds Guide Engineered Tissue Architecture†(Adv. Mater. 32/2013)

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Advanced Materials 2013年第32期25卷

作者： Martin E. Kolewe Hyoungshin Park Caprice Gray Xiaofeng Ye Robert Langer Lisa E. Freed Harvard‐MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research Institute for Medical Engineering and Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA Microsystems Development and Microfabrication Process Engineering Groups Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Cambridge MA 02139 USA

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Guest Editorial

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Desalination and Water Treatment 2012年第1-3期39卷 190页

作者： Sklari, Styliani D Samaras, Petros Zouboulis, Anastasios I Kungolos, Athanassios Chemical Process Engineering Research Institute Centre for Research and Technology Hellas Greece Department of Food Technology Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki Greece Department of Chemistry Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece Department of Planning and Regional Development School of Engineering University of Thessaly Volos Greece

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Multi-pass simulation of heavy plate rolling including Intermediate Forced Cooling

Multi-pass simulation of heavy plate rolling including Inter...

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7th International Conference on processing and Manufacturing of Advanced Materials, THERMEC'2011

作者： Xiao, B. Palmiere, E.J. Howe, A.A. Carey, H.C. Institute for Microstructural and Mechanical Process Engineering University of Sheffield Sir Robert Hadfield Building Mappin Street Sheffield S1 3JD United Kingdom Tata Steel Research Development and Technology Swinden Technology Centre Moorgate Rotherham S60 3AR United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783037853047

Thermomechanical Controlled processing (TMCP) including accelerated cooling after the final hot rolling pass is a well-established technology, widely applied in HSLA steel plate production. However, there are still certain limitations, especially for thicker plate. The rolling schedule includes a long holding period (HP) after the roughing stage to allow the temperature to fall sufficiently for optimised TMCP during finishing. Intermediate Forced Cooling (IFC) applied during the HP can increase productivity by decreasing the required hold time, can restrict austenite grain growth, and can also improve the subsequent strain penetration in thick plate with further metallurgical benefits. Multi-pass plane strain compression (PSC) tests have been performed on the thermomechanical compression (TMC) machine at Sheffield University including different severities of IFC. Clearly it is impossible to simulate all aspects of the temperature and strain gradients present in thick plates in laboratory specimens, and most of the tests were conducted at temperatures and strains calculated by Finite Element modelling as relevant to specific positions through the plate thickness. However, some aspects of the gradients were addressed with tests using cold platens. The results have indeed shown that IFC can shorten the HP and reduce austenite grain growth and its variation across thick plate. © (2012) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Strain

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Validation of predicted residual stresses within direct chill cast magnesium alloy slab

Validation of predicted residual stresses within direct chil...

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作者： Turski, Mark Paradowska, Anna Zhang, Shu-Yan Mortensen, Dag Fjaer, Hallvard Grandfield, John Davis, Bruce Delorme, Rick Materials Engineering Open University Milton Keynes MK7 6AA United Kingdom Menei NSW 2234 Australia ISIS Facility Science and Technology Facilities Council Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0QX United Kingdom ISIS Facility Science and Technology Facilities Council Rutherford Appleton Laboratory United States Department of Process and Fluid Flow Technology Institute for Energy Technology N-2027 Kjeller Norway Grandfield Technology Pty Ltd PO BOX 5110 Moreland West VIC 3055 Australia Swinburne University of Technology Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Science Hawthorn VIC 3122 Australia Research and Development Program Madison IL 62060 United States Magnesium Elektron North America Madison IL 62060 United States

A significant level of cold cracking has been observed within direct chill (DC) cast, high-strength magnesium alloy Elektron WE43. These cracks have been attributed to the formation of significant residual stresses during casting. A finite-element modeling (FEM) code, which is called ALSIM, has been used to predict the residual stress within the DC-cast slab. Verification of the predicted residual stress field within an 870 9 315-mm sized slab has been carried out using neutron diffraction measurements. Given that measurements in such large-scale components using diffraction measurements are particularly challenging and expensive, the efficient use of neutron diffraction measurements is emphasized. This has included the use of sectioning, allowing the residual stress within the slab to be mapped in detail. © 2012 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International.

关键词： Residual stresses

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