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作者： Sakurai, Takehisa Murata, Mitsuhiro Matsumoto, Toshihiro Ohtake, Tadashi Ishihara, Shoichi Kozaki, Shuichi Morishita, Katsuhiko Okazaki, Tsuyoshi Sakai, Takehiko Kataoka, Yoshiharu Display Engineering Laboratories Corporate Research and Development Group Sharp Corporation 2613-1 Ichinomoto-cho Tenri Nara 632-8567 Japan Process Development Center Mobile Liquid Crystal Display Group Sharp Corporation 1177-1 Gosana Taki-cho Taki-gun Mie 519-2192 Japan Department of Electrical and Electronic System Engineering Faculty of Engineering Osaka Institute of Technology 5-16-1 Omiya Asahi-ku Osaka 535-8585 Japan

We have developed "Transverse Bend Alignment (TBA) mode", an advanced VA mode where liquid crystal materials are driven by a combination of a lateral field and a vertical field. We have made TFT-LCDs with different spacings of comb-shaped electrodes to reduce the steepness of the V-T characteristics. By adjusting cell parameters, the LCD has wide viewing angle without color wash-out in oblique directions and fast response between all gray scale levels. © 2010 SID.

关键词： Nematic liquid crystals

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48.2: Advanced VA mode with fast gray scale response and wide viewing angle in a bend liquid crystal configuration

48.2: Advanced VA mode with fast gray scale response and wid...

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48th Annual SID Symposium, Seminar, and Exhibition 2010, Display Week 2010

ISBN: (纸本)9781618390950

关键词： Nematic liquid crystals

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Fueling the future with fungal genomics

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Mycology 2011年第3期2卷 192-209页

作者： Grigoriev, Igor V. Cullen, Daniel Goodwin, Stephen B. Hibbett, David Jeffries, Thomas W. Kubicek, Christian P. Kuske, Cheryl Magnuson, Jon K. Martin, Francis Spatafora, Joseph W. Tsang, Adrian Baker, Scott E. US DOE Joint Genome Institute Walnut Creek CA United States USDA Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory Madison WI United States USDA-Agricultural Research Service Purdue University West Lafayette IN United States Biology Department Clark University Worcester MA United States Institute of Chemical Engineering University of Technology Vienna Austria Los Alamos National Laboratory Bioscience Division Los Alamos NM United States Chemical and Biological Process Development Group Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA United States Tree-Microbe Interactions Joint Unit INRA-Nancy Champenoux France Department of Botany and Plant Pathology Oregon State University OR United States Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics Concordia University Montreal QC Canada

Fungi play important roles across the range of current and future biofuel production processes. From crop/feedstock health to plant biomass saccharification, enzyme production to bioprocesses for producing ethanol, higher alcohols, or future hydrocarbon biofuels, fungi are involved. research and development are underway to understand the underlying biological processes and improve them to make bioenergy production efficient on an industrial scale. Genomics is the foundation of the systems biology approach that is being used to accelerate the research and development efforts across the spectrum of topic areas that impact biofuels production. In this review, we discuss past, current, and future advances made possible by genomic analyses of the fungi that impact plant/feedstock health, degradation of lignocellulosic biomass, and fermentation of sugars to ethanol, hydrocarbon biofuels, and renewable chemicals. © 2011, 2011 Mycological Society of China.

关键词： Biofuels Fungi Genomics

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Dynamic Optimization of a Batch Pharmaceutical Reaction using the Design of Dynamic Experiments (DoDE): the Case of an Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation Reaction

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2010年第5期43卷 260-265页

作者： Foteini Makrydaki Christos Georgakis Kostas Saranteas Systems Research Institute and Chemical & Biological Engineering Tufts University Medford MA 02155 USA (Tel: 617-627-2586) Systems Research Institute and Chemical & Biological Engineering Tufts University Medford MA 02155 USA (Tel: 617-627-2573) Sepracor Inc. Chemical Process Research and Development Sepracor Inc. Marlborough MA 01752 USA (Tel: 508-357-7655)

The present research work aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new methodology of Design of Dynamic Experiments (DoDE) in optimizing an important pharmaceutical reaction. An easily developed response surface model (RSM) is used instead of a hard to develop knowledge-driven process model. The DoDE approach allows the experimenter to introduce dynamic factors in the design, which during the RSM optimization are treated as all the other factors, simplifying the analysis significantly, leading to the rapid optimization of batch processes with respect to time-varying decision variables. The DoDE approach enables the discovery of optimal time-variant operating conditions that are better than the optimal time-invariant conditions discovered by the classical Design of Experiments (DoE) approach. In the present case of the asymmetric catalytic hydrogenation, 24 experiments are conducted for the DoDE approach and the best run results in a 45% improvement comparing to the best run of 17 runs of the DoE approach. This is achieved by applying a decreasing temperature profile during the batch reaction. Optimization of the economic performance index of the process through the respective response surface models defines an optimum operation. The DoDE optimum operation is better than the respective one through the DoE. The DoDE advantage increases as the required quality level for the final product is higher. For the medium quality, the DoDE approach results in an improvement of 30% over the DoE one.

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Effect of sinter layer porosity distribution on flow and temperature fields in a sinter cooler

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2009年第3期16卷 265-272页

作者： Jik-chang Leong Kai-wun Jin Jia-shyan Shiau Tzer-ming Jeng Chang-hsien Tai Department of Vehicle Engineering Pingtung University of Science and Technology Iron Making Process Development Section Steel & Aluminum Research & Development Department Department of Mechanical Engineering Air Force Institute of Technology

When sinters are filled into the sinter cooler from the sintering machine, it is commonly seen that, due to segregation effects, sinters of larger size usually accumulate closer to the inner wall of the sinter cooler, whereas those of smaller size are to the outer wall. This nonuniform distribution of sinters has led to uneven cooling effect throughout the cooler. This causes the sinters leaving the cooler at a large temperature difference. This undesired temperature difference leads to the deformation and even the destruction of the conveyors. The computational fluid dynamics （CFD） technique was used in the present work to investigate the heat and fluid flow phenomena within the sinter cooler corresponding to the different distribution of sinter layer porosity, which was highly dependent on the arrangement and orientation of sinters within the sinter cooler. It is confirmed that a high mass flow rate within the sinter layer causes a low temperature region and vice versa. The flow fields for vertically reducing porosity distribution and random distribution are almost identical indicating the relative insignificance of convective heat transfer mechanism.

关键词： steel plant sinter cooler sinter porosity heat transfer packed bed

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Numerical simulation of marangoni effect induced by mass transfer in a two liquid layer system with surfactants

Numerical simulation of marangoni effect induced by mass tra...

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The 5th Sino-US joint Conference of Chemical engineering(第五届中美化学工程联席会议)

作者： Zhihui Wang Yumei Yong Guangji Zhang Chao Yang Zaisha Mao Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute China Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesChina Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesChina

The Marangoni effect driven by interfacial tension gradients due to interfacial concentration or heat variations plays an importetnt role in the process of mass or heat ***,it has called more and more researchers' ***, on account of the complexity of the effect, how to regulate and control it is still not *** this paper, we tit to get a basic knowledge about the effects of surfactants on Marangoni effect.

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Liquid phase oxidation of p-cresol over cobalt saponite

Liquid phase oxidation of p-cresol over cobalt saponite

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作者： Kshirsagar, Vikas S. Garade, Ajit C. Patil, Kashinath R. Shirai, Masayuki Rode, Chandrashekhar V. Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India Centre for Materials Characterization Division National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India Research Center for Compact Chemical Process National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 4-2-1 Nigatake Miyagino Sendai 983-8551 Japan

Liquid phase oxidation of p-cresol was carried out over a Co-saponite catalyst in a temperature and pressure range of 333-393 K and 20-827 kPa, respectively in n-propanol. Co-saponites with varying cobalt content (5-30%) were prepared and screened among which 13% Co-saponite gave the highest conversion of 92% of p-cresol with 92% selectivity to p-hydroxybenzaldehyde without formation of any non-oxidation products. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009.

关键词： Cobalt

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Cellulose composites prepared using ionic liquids (ILs) - Blood compatibility to batteries

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作者： Park, Tae-Joon Murugesan, Saravanababu Linhardt, Robert J. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 110 8th Street Troy NY 12180-3590 United States Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 110 8th Street Troy NY 12180-3590 United States Department of Biology Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 110 8th Street Troy NY 12180-3590 United States Development Engineering Process Research and Development Bristol-Myers Squibb New Brunswick NJ 08903 United States

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Nanotechnology applications for clean water /

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2009年

作者： edited by Nora Savage ... [et al.].

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Three-dimensional simulation of viscous-flow agglomerate sintering

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Physical Review E 2009年第2期80卷 026319-026319页

作者： M. J. Kirchhof H.-J. Schmid W. Peukert Department of Research and Development Burgmann Industries GmbH & Co. KG Äußere Sauerlacher Str. 6-10 82515 Wolfratshausen Germany Mechanical & Environmental Process Engineering University of Paderborn Pohlweg 55 33098 Paderborn Germany Institute of Particle Technology Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Cauerstr. 4 91058 Erlangen Germany

The viscous-flow sintering of different agglomerate particle morphologies is studied by three-dimensional computer simulations based on the concept of fractional volume of fluid. For a fundamental understanding of particle sintering characteristics, the neck growth kinetics in agglomerate chains and in doublets consisting of differently sized primary particles is investigated. Results show that different sintering contacts in agglomerates even during the first stages are not completely independent from each other, even though differences are small. The neck growth kinetics of differently sized primary particles is determined by the smaller one up to a size difference by a factor of approximately 2, whereas for larger size differences, the kinetics becomes faster. In particular, the agglomerate sintering kinetics is investigated for particle chains of different lengths and for different particle morphologies each having ten primary particles and nine initial sintering contacts. For agglomerate chains, the kinetics approximately can be normalized by using the radius of the fully coalesced sphere. In general, different agglomerate morphologies show equal kinetics during the first sintering stages, whereas during advanced stages, compact morphologies show significantly faster sintering progress than more open morphologies. Hence, the overall kinetics cannot be described by simply using constant morphology correction factors such as fractal dimension or mean coordination number which are used in common sintering models. However, for the first stages of viscous-flow agglomerate sintering, which are the most important for many particle processes, a sintering equation is presented. Although we use agglomerates consisting of spherical primary particles, our methodology can be applied to other aggregate geometries as well.

关键词： Sintering

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