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54th IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE 2024

作者： Clear, Tony Clear, Alison Auckland University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auckand New Zealand School of Computing Eastern Institute of technology Auckland New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351507

This research paper describes and extends the outcomes from an in- depth study investigating the difference in the expected skills requirements from junior software engineers to senior software engineers, and reflections on the findings from that study. It is a given that senior software engineers have more experience and skills than junior software engineers. However, a focus on their differing competencies and dispositions provides an enhanced mechanism for comparison. Gaps were identified in assessing 'professional knowledge' as categorized by the IEEE/ACM Computing Curriculum Overview Report (CC2020), and in assessing 'dispositions'. It appeared that the specific scenario of comparing the expected competencies between junior and senior software engineers, tested the framework for assessing competencies developed in the CC2020 project and applied in its mapping to the IEEE/ACM computer science (CS2013) approved curriculum. In this study into the difference between Junior and Senior software Engineers, an initial review of relevant literature was conducted. The review found that research analyzing job requirements for software engineers of different levels was limited;'experience' as a keyword was seldom mentioned;and a common distinction was made between 'soft' and 'hard' skills - the latter being skills that were 'technical', such as programming languages, frameworks, libraries, and tools, whereas soft skills referred to skills such as personality traits, attitudes, and teamwork skills. In our extension of that work the notion of soft skills was unpacked into professional skills and dispositions. The process of mapping from the CC2020 competency framework to the CS2013 curriculum had deliberately modelled how to represent a competency-based rather than a knowledge-based curriculum. The critical deficiency identified here was the limitation imposed by adopting a skills framework based on the cognitive taxonomy, and thereby unwittingly omitting the crucial compani

关键词： Mapping

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Capabilities for Better ML engineering

Capabilities for Better ML Engineering

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2023 Workshop on Artificial Intelligence Safety, SafeAI 2023

作者： Yang, Chenyang Brower-Sinning, Rachel Lewis, Grace A. Kästner, Christian Wu, Tongshuang School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University United States Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute United States

In spite of machine learning's rapid growth, its engineering support is scattered in many forms, and tends to favor certain engineering stages, stakeholders, and evaluation preferences. We envision a capability-based framework, which uses fine-grained specifications for ML model behaviors to unite existing efforts towards better ML engineering. We use concrete scenarios (model design, debugging, and maintenance) to articulate capabilities' broad applications across various different dimensions, and their impact on building safer, more generalizable and more trustworthy models that reflect human needs. Through preliminary experiments, we show the potential of capabilities for reflecting model generalizability, which can provide guidance for the ML engineering process. We discuss challenges and opportunities for the integration of capabilities into ML engineering. © 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). CEUR Workshop Proceedings (***)

关键词： Specifications

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FT-AED: Benchmark Dataset for Early Freeway Traffic Anomalous Event Detection 38

FT-AED: Benchmark Dataset for Early Freeway Traffic Anomalou...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Coursey, Austin Ji, Junyi Quinones-Grueiro, Marcos Barbour, William Zhang, Yuhang Derr, Tyler Biswas, Gautam Work, Daniel B. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Vanderbilt University United States Institute for Software Integrated Systems United States Department of Computer Science United States

Early and accurate detection of anomalous events on the freeway, such as accidents, can improve emergency response and clearance. However, existing delays and mistakes from manual crash reporting records make it a difficult problem to solve. Current large-scale freeway traffic datasets are not designed for anomaly detection and ignore these challenges. In this paper, we introduce the first large-scale lane-level freeway traffic dataset for anomaly detection. Our dataset consists of a month of weekday radar detection sensor data collected in 4 lanes along an 18-mile stretch of Interstate 24 heading toward Nashville, TN, comprising over 3.7 million sensor measurements. We also collect official crash reports from the Tennessee Department of Transportation Traffic Management Center and manually label all other potential anomalies in the dataset. To show the potential for our dataset to be used in future machine learning and traffic research, we benchmark numerous deep learning anomaly detection models on our dataset. We find that unsupervised graph neural network autoencoders are a promising solution for this problem and that ignoring spatial relationships leads to decreased performance. We demonstrate that our methods can reduce reporting delays by over 10 minutes on average while detecting 75% of crashes. Our dataset and all preprocessing code needed to get started are publicly released at https://***/ft-aed/to facilitate future research. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Region-adaptive Concept Aggregation for Few-shot Visual Recognition

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Machine Intelligence Research 2023年第4期20卷 554-568页

作者： Mengya Han Yibing Zhan Baosheng Yu Yong Luo Han Hu Bo Du Yonggang Wen Dacheng Tao School of Computer Science National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia SoftwareWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Hubei Luojia Laboratory Wuhan430072China School of Computer Science The University of SydneySydney2006Australia JD Explore Academy Beijing101116China School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore

Few-shot learning (FSL) aims to learn novel concepts from very limited examples. However, most FSL methods suffer from the issue of lacking robustness in concept learning. Specifically, existing FSL methods usually ignore the diversity of region contents that may contain concept-irrelevant information such as the background, which would introduce bias/noise and degrade the performance of conceptual representation learning. To address the above-mentioned issue, we propose a novel metric-based FSL method termed region-adaptive concept aggregation network or RCA-Net. Specifically, we devise a region-adaptive concept aggregator (RCA) to model the relationships of different regions and capture the conceptual information in different regions, which are then integrated in a weighted average manner to obtain the conceptual representation. Consequently, robust concept learning can be achieved by focusing more on the concept-relevant information and less on the conceptual-irrelevant information. We perform extensive experiments on three popular visual recognition benchmarks to demonstrate the superiority of RCA-Net for robust few-shot learning. In particular, on the Caltech-UCSD Birds-200-2011 (CUB200) dataset, the proposed RCA-Net significantly improves 1-shot accuracy from 74.76% to 78.03% and 5-shot accuracy from 86.84% to 89.83% compared with the most competitive counterpart.

关键词： Few-shot learning metric-based meta learning concept learning region-adaptive concept-aggregation

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By artificial intelligence algorithms and machine learning models to diagnosis cancer

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 80卷 2969-2975页

作者： Agarwal, Seema Yadav, Ajay Singh Dinesh, Vennapoosa Vatsav, Kolluru Sai Sri Prakash, Kolluru Sai Surya Jaiswal, Sushma Department of Mathematics SRM Institute of Science and Technology Delhi-NCR Campus U.P. Ghaziabad India Software Engineer Mechanical Engineering National Institute Of Technology Mizoram Aizwal Mizoram India Computer Science Engineering Gitam university Andhra Pradesh Visakhapatnam India Bilaspur India

Cancer is one of the world's most critical health issues. Many in the past decade More accurately, diagnostic tests and methodologies have been enhanced. Tests are categorised into imaging tests, endoscopic procedures Includes testing for biopsy and cytology. These diagnostic tests yield huge numbers. volumes of data that must be evaluated and differentiated by specialists Between tumours that are benign and malignant. Artificial intelligence now (AI) Large quantities of diagnostic imaging may be examined using applications Improved accuracy to enhance health system efficiency. New AI algorithms technical advances and computer enhancements Hardware may be used to train diagnostic neural artificial networks Experience with a wide range of scans. Already a thorough understanding and Machines can educate computers to compare and assess models Huge quantity of cancer scanning data. Highly diagnostic skills software has been evaluated and compared to the conventional Cancer specialists' diagnostic tools. Their precision is much increased and regarded highly effective in early diagnosis and extended forecasting Different cancers. Scientists have become systems of artificial intelligence (AI). that may exceed human specialists in the prognosis of breast cancer and A great deal earlier diagnosis. Similarly, informatics developed an AI algorithm. and profound learning algorithms that may forecast to which persons Develop lung cancer using low dose CT analysis (computerized tomography) Lung scans. Lung scans. Use of the convolutionary neural network recently (CNNs) was employed in the invasion depth diagnosis of Gastric endoscopy-based gastric cancer. Studies have also been shown AI techniques paired with imagery may have a significant influence early diagnosis with algorithm-guided identification of oral cancer results Heterogeneity of the oral lesion. This review gathered some pretty interesting information Research publications on the topic. © 2021

关键词： Cytology

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Direction Estimation for Collaborative Search in MOEA/D

Direction Estimation for Collaborative Search in MOEA/D

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2024 International Annual Conference on Complex Systems and Intelligent science, CSIS-IAC 2024

作者： Chen, Jingjing Li, Genghui Lin, Xi Zhang, Qingfu City University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science Hong Kong The City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen China Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504755

The decomposition-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA/D) is an efficient framework for solving multi-objective optimization problems. It decomposes a multi-objective optimization problem into a set of single-objective optimization subproblems and solves them collaboratively. However, most MOEA/D variants use heuristic operators to generate new solutions, which might lead to inefficient search performance. Direction estimation is a powerful derivative-free technique for tackling black-box optimization problems. By iteratively estimating valid search directions, this method can efficiently search for the optimal solution in a principled way;yet it suffers from high computational cost since it requires a number of function evaluations to approximate the true gradient. In this work, we leverage the neighborhood structure of MOEA/D and interactions among different subproblems to estimate a promising descent direction. We demonstrate that sharing and exploiting valuable information among neighboring subproblems can significantly reduce the overall computational budget for direction estimation in MOEA/D (MOEA/D-DirE). Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed MOEAD-DirE algorithm outperforms many multi-objective evolutionary algorithms on various multi-objective optimization problems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

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Diverse Co-saliency Feature Learning for Text-Based Person Retrieval

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IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 2025年 20卷 5465-5477页

作者： You, Shuai Chen, Cuiqun Feng, Yujian Liu, Hai Ji, Yimu Ye, Mang School of Internet of Things Nanjing China Anhui University School of Computer Science and Technology Hefei China South China Normal University school of computer Guangdong China NJUPT School of Computer Science Nanjing China Wuhan University National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Hubei Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Network Communication Engineering Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Computer Science Wuhan430072 China

Text-based Person Retrieval (TPR) plays a pivotal role in video surveillance systems for safeguarding public safety. As a fine-grained retrieval task, TPR faces the significant challenge of precisely capturing highly discriminative features across image and text modalities. Existing methods primarily focus on establishing modality-shared feature spaces to bridge cross-modal discrepancies. However, these methods are prone to disturbances from irrelevant information, such as background noises in the visual modality, and often over-emphasize specific local regions while neglecting the capture of diverse discriminative modal features, thereby limiting the robustness of cross-modal matching. In this paper, we introduce a novel framework, termed the Diverse Co-saliency Feature Learning Network (DCFL), which mines the co-saliency information between image and text modalities and enhances the diversity of cross-modal discriminative features while mitigating the interference of noise. Specifically, to construct cross-modal co-saliency features, we devise the Intra-modal Saliency Feature Learning (ISFL) and Cross-modal Saliency Feature Matching (CSFM) modules. ISFL employs a weighted mask mechanism to guide the model in reducing the impact of noise information in both modalities. Complementing ISFL, CSFM establishes consistent relationships between saliency features across modalities, leveraging text descriptions to align pedestrian-relevant visual regions. Furthermore, we propose the Diverse Co-saliency Feature Mining (DCFM) to bolster the diversity of discriminative co-saliency features across both image and text modalities. This module integrates a diversity regularization term, enabling the extraction of varied visual cues and capturing comprehensive features of the target individual. Extensive benchmark experiments demonstrate a substantial superiority of our approach over the state-of-the-art methods. The code will be released publicly. © 2005-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Feature extraction

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Categorizing methods for integrating machine learning with executable specifications

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 5-19页

作者： David HAREL Raz YERUSHALMI Assaf MARRON Achiya ELYASAF Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics Weizmann Institute of Science Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

Deep learning(DL),which includes deep reinforcement learning(DRL),holds great promise for carrying out real-world tasks that human minds seem to cope with quite *** promise is already delivering extremely impressive results in a variety of ***,while DL-enabled systems achieve excellent performance,they are far from *** has been demonstrated,in several domains,that DL systems can err when they encounter cases they had not hitherto ***,the opacity of the produced agents makes it difficult to explain their behavior and ensure that they adhere to various requirements posed by human *** the other end of the software development spectrum of methods,behavioral programming(BP) facilitates orderly system development using self-standing executable modules aligned with how humans intuitively describe desired system *** this paper,we elaborate on different approaches for combining DRL with BP and,more generally,machine learning(ML) with executable specifications(ES).We begin by defining a framework for studying the various approaches,which can also be used to study new emerging approaches not covered *** then briefly review state-of-the-art approaches to integrating ML with ES,continue with a focus on DRL,and then present the merits of integrating ML with *** conclude with guidelines on how this categorization can be used in decision making in system development,and outline future research challenges.

关键词： machine learning artificial intelligence grey box learning domain knowledge rules behavioral programming deep reinforcement learning survey

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Facial Emotion Recognition using Deep Learning (FERDL) 25

Facial Emotion Recognition using Deep Learning (FERDL)

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25th International Multi Topic Conference, INMIC 2023

作者： Ramzan, Hafiz Arslan Sohaib, Ahmed Ramzan, Sadia Kalsum, Tehmina Aqeel, Muhammad Majeed, Mohsin Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology Institute of Computer and Software Engineering Rahim Yar Khan Pakistan National University of Modern Languages Department of Computer Science Multan Pakistan University of Engineering & Technology Department of Software Engineering Taxila Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317701

Facial Emotion Recognition is one of the in-demand and rapidly growing research topics in the domain of computer Vision (CV) and artificial intelligence (AI). The ability to identify or detect human emotions from real-time facial expressions (FEs) has vast conceivable applications in different domains, such as sentiment analysis, human-computer interaction, human resource management, security, and human psychology. In this paper, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based deep learning model is trained with haar-cascade classifier to recognize the real-time FEs. The suggested model is specially trained to categorize the FEs into one of the seven emotion categories, namely six basic emotions (sad, happy, angry, surprised, disgusted, fear) and a neutral emotion. It includes several convolutional layers, as well as fully connected neurons followed by max-pooling layers, and soft-max activation function with the corresponding seven classes. ReLU activation functions along with various kernels to enhance filtering depth, and extraction of facial features. FER-2013 dataset is used for experimentation purpose. To improve the classification performance and model accuracy, a data augmentation technique is used for rescaling and horizontal flipping. The proposed model outperforms the previous related works by achieving a validation accuracy of 71.96% and training accuracy above 90%, with fewer epochs. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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A Fault-Tolerant Mobility-Aware Caching Method in Edge Computing

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第7期140卷 907-927页

作者： Yong Ma Han Zhao Kunyin Guo Yunni Xia Xu Wang Xianhua Niu Dongge Zhu Yumin Dong School of Computer Information Engineering Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang330000China School of Digital Industry Jiangxi Normal UniversityShangrao334000China The College of Computer Science Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400030China School of Computer and Software Engineering Xihua UniversityChengdu610039China Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Company Ltd. Yinchuan750002China College of Computer and Information Science Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing401331China

Mobile Edge Computing(MEC)is a technology designed for the on-demand provisioning of computing and storage services,strategically positioned close to *** the MEC environment,frequently accessed content can be deployed and cached on edge servers to optimize the efficiency of content delivery,ultimately enhancing the quality of the user ***,due to the typical placement of edge devices and nodes at the network’s periphery,these components may face various potential fault tolerance challenges,including network instability,device failures,and resource *** the dynamic nature ofMEC,making high-quality content caching decisions for real-time mobile applications,especially those sensitive to latency,by effectively utilizing mobility information,continues to be a significant *** response to this challenge,this paper introduces FT-MAACC,a mobility-aware caching solution grounded in multi-agent deep reinforcement learning and equipped with fault tolerance *** approach comprehensively integrates content adaptivity algorithms to evaluate the priority of highly user-adaptive cached ***,it relies on collaborative caching strategies based onmulti-agent deep reinforcement learningmodels and establishes a fault-tolerancemodel to ensure the system’s reliability,availability,and *** results unequivocally demonstrate that FTMAACC outperforms its peer methods in cache hit rates and transmission latency.

关键词： Mobile edge networks mobility fault tolerance cooperative caching multi-agent deep reinforcement learning content prediction

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