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Association between blood pressure traits, hypertension, antihypertensive drugs and calcific aortic valve stenosis: a mendelian randomization study

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2025年第03期 351-360页

作者： Wen-Hua LEI Jia-Liang ZHANG Yan-Biao LIAO Yan WANG Fei XU YaoYu ZHANG Yanjiani XU Jing ZHOU Fang-Yang HUANG Mao CHEN Department of Cardiology West China HospitalSichuan University Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesWest China HospitalSichuan University

Background Hypertension is associated with an increased risk of calcific aortic valve stenosis(CAVS). However, the directionality of causation between blood pressure traits and aortic stenosis is unclear, as is the benefit of antihypertensive drugs for *** Using genome-wide association studies(GWAS) summary statistics, we performed bidirectional two-sample univariable mendelian randomization(UVMR) to assess the causal associations of systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), and pulse pressure(PP) with CAVS. Multivariable mendelian randomization(MVMR) was conducted to evaluate the direct effect of hypertension on CAVS, adjusting for confounders. Drug target mendelian randomization(MR) and summary-level MR(SMR) were used to estimate the effects of 12 classes of antihypertensive drugs and their target genes on CAVS risk. Inverse variance weighting was the primary MR method, with sensitivity analyses to validate *** UVMR showed SBP, DBP, and PP have causal effects on CAVS, with no significant reverse causality. MVMR confirmed the causality between hypertension and CAVS after adjusting for confounders. Drug-target MR analyses indicated that calcium channel blockers(CCBs), loop diuretics, and thiazide diuretics via SBP lowering exerted protective effects on CAVS *** analysis showed that the CCBs target gene CACNA2D2 and ARBs target gene AGTR1 were positively associated with CAVS risk, while diuretics target genes SLC12A5 and SLC12A1 were negatively associated with aortic stenosis *** Hypertension has a causal relationship with CAVS. Managing SBP in hypertensive patients with CCBs may prevent CAVS. ARBs might exert protective effects on CAVS independent of blood pressure reduction. The relationship between diuretics and CAVS is complex, with opposite effects through different mechanisms.

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Association between blood pressure traits, hypertension, antihypertensive drugs and calcific aortic valve stenosis: a mendelian randomization study

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2025年第3期22卷 351-360页

作者： Lei, Wen-Hua Zhang, Jia-Liang Liao, Yan-Biao Wang, Yan Xu, Fei Zhang, Yao-Yu Xu, Yanjiani Zhou, Jing Huang, Fang-Yang Chen, Mao Department of Cardiology West China Hospital Sichuan University No.37 Guoxue Street Chengdu 610041 China Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China

Background Hypertension is associated with an increased risk of calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). However, the directionality of causation between blood pressure traits and aortic stenosis is unclear, as is the benefit of antihypertensive drugs for CAVS. Methods Using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics, we performed bidirectional two-sample univariable mendelian randomization (UVMR) to assess the causal associations of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse pressure (PP) with CAVS. Multivariable mendelian randomization (MVMR) was conducted to evaluate the direct effect of hypertension on CAVS, adjusting for confounders. Drug target mendelian randomization (MR) and summary-level MR (SMR) were used to estimate the effects of 12 classes of antihypertensive drugs and their target genes on CAVS risk. Inverse variance weighting was the primary MR method, with sensitivity analyses to validate results. Results UVMR showed SBP, DBP, and PP have causal effects on CAVS, with no significant reverse causality. MVMR confirmed the causality between hypertension and CAVS after adjusting for confounders. Drug-target MR analyses indicated that calcium channel blockers (CCBs), loop diuretics, and thiazide diuretics via SBP lowering exerted protective effects on CAVS risk. SMR analysis showed that the CCBs target gene CACNA2D2 and ARBs target gene AGTR1 were positively associated with CAVS risk, while diuretics target genes SLC12A5 and SLC12A1 were negatively associated with aortic stenosis risk. Conclusions Hypertension has a causal relationship with CAVS. Managing SBP in hypertensive patients with CCBs may prevent CAVS. ARBs might exert protective effects on CAVS independent of blood pressure reduction. The relationship between diuretics and CAVS is complex, with opposite effects through different mechanisms. © 2025 JGC All rights reserved.

关键词： antihypertensive drugs blood pressure blood pressure traits aortic stenosis calcific aortic valve stenosis calcific aortic valve stenosis cavs Mendelian randomization hypertension

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Corrosion and friction characteristics of microarc oxidation coating on Zr-4 alloy

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Ceramics International 2025年第12期51卷 15232-15241页

作者： Wang, Shuqi Jin, Rui Cui, Yi Ye, Zhiyun Chen, Guoliang Jin, Zhao Zou, Yongchun Xing, Yaru Wang, Yaming Ouyang, Jiahu Jia, Dechang Zhou, Yu Institute for Advanced Ceramics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150080 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China State Key Laboratory of Precision Welding & Joining of Materials and Structures China The 18th Institute China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology Beijing100176 China

To improve the anti-wear and anti-corrosion of core structural materials of nuclear reactors, a relatively dense ceramic coating is fabricated on the Zr-4 alloy surface by microarc oxidation (MAO). Results show that compared with the substrate, the corrosion potential (−0.212V) of MAO coating in the simulated corrosion solution of a nuclear reactor (0.1 mol/L LiOH) exhibits a positive shift, and the corrosion current density (7.50 × 10−11 A∙cm−2) decreases by four orders of magnitude. During the long-term immersion process of the coated samples, the impedance modulus value still remains above 107 Ω cm2, indicating long-term corrosion protection. Moreover, under the GCr15-dry sliding condition, the friction coefficient of MAO coatings is high under various loads and is mainly attributed to abrasive wear. Under the wet lubrication sliding condition, the friction coefficient is low and stable at 0.35, with a good anti-friction effect. To summarize that, the MAO coating can provide sufficient long-term anti-corrosion and anti-wear protection for zirconium-based alloys, showing great potential in nuclear industry fields such as nuclear reactor cladding. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Zirconium alloys

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HfC–HfO_(2) modified high/superhigh temperature thermal protection coating for superior hot corrosion resistance and antioxidation performance

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2025年第1期14卷 177-191页

作者： Zhiyun Ye Shuqi Wang Shuang Yu Xinrui Zhao Yongchun Zou Guoliang Chen Lei Wen Lina Zhao Guangxi Zhang Yaming Wang Jiahu Ouyang Dechang Jia Yu Zhou State Key Laboratory of Precision Welding&Joining of Materials and Structures Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Institute for Advanced Ceramics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China National Center for Materials Service Safety University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Xi’an Aerospace Composites Research Institute Academy of Aerospace Propulsion TechnologyXi’an 710025China

With advances in the thrust-weight ratio,the service temperature of gas turbine engines even exceeds 1500℃,which is urgent for the development of high/superhigh-temperature thermal protection systems(TPSs)for long-term *** alloys are increasingly viewed as promising structural materials for high-temperature applications because of their superior high-temperature mechanical strength,but the“pest”catastrophic oxidation greatly restricts their further *** this study,a HfC–HfO_(2)-modified silicide coating was prepared via an innovative method of halide-activated pack cementation(HAPC)combined with liquid-plasma-assisted particle deposition and sintering of niobium alloys,resulting in a composite coating with excellent hot corrosion resistance and high-temperature oxidation *** modified multilayer coating is characterized by the synergistic combination of a dense NbSi_(2) inner layer and a HfC–HfO_(2) porous outer layer,resulting in a significant improvement in high-temperature performance compared with that of the single NbSi_(2) *** corrosion gain of the composite coating is only 13.94 mg·cm^(−2) after a corrosion time of 200 h at 900℃,and an intact oxide scale surface is observed after oxidation at 1500℃for 500 *** improvement is attributed to the formation of a robust Hf-rich skeleton provided by the deposited HfC–HfO_(2) layer,which can accelerate the formation of a highly stable corroded layer/oxide *** addition,multiple stress release mechanisms of the composite coating at high temperatures also provide substantial contributions to long-term *** these merits make HfC–HfO_(2)-modified composite coatings on niobium alloys competitive for the development of high/superhigh-temperature thermal protection systems for long-term service.

关键词： thermal protection coating niobium alloys hot corrosion resistance high-temperature oxidation resistance stress release mechanism

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Structural and supramolecular insights into crystalline multicomponent systems of 2,4-diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine with various carboxylic acids

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Acta Crystallographica Section C: Structural Chemistry 2025年第Pt 4期81卷 212-223页

作者： Nidhishree, Murugan Gomathi, Sundaramoorthy Nirmalram, Jeyaraman Selvaraj Yasien, Sayed Ramesh, Pandian Department of Chemistry Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science & Technology Tamilnadu Thanjavur613403 India Department of Chemistry Research and Development Cell PRIST Deemed to be University Tamilnadu Thanjavur613403 India Protein Structure Function Research Laboratory School of Molecular and Cell Biology University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg2050 South Africa

Three multicomponent systems, namely, 2,4-diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-nicotinic acid (DAPT-NA), C9H9N5·C6H5NO2, (I), 2,4-diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium hydrogen malonate (DAPT-MMA), C9H10N5+·C3H3O4-, (II), and 2,4-diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium hydrogen (+)-dibenzoyl-d-tartarate (DAPT-DBTA), C9H10N5+·C18H13O8-, (III), have been synthesized and characterized via single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and their supramolecular interactions have been analysed. The formation of cocrystal (I) and salts (II) and (III) was confirmed through the widening of the C - N - C bond angle of the triazine moiety of 2,4-diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine and the difference in the C - O bond distances between the carboxyl and carboxylate groups of the respective carboxylic acids. Cocrystal (I) and salt (II) form robust homomeric and heteromeric R22(8) ring motifs through primary acid-base interactions and complementary base pairing. In cocrystal (I), the complementary base pair exists as wave-like supramolecular strands, whereas in salt (II), it exists as a discrete pair. Salt (II) exhibits DDDAAD sextuple and DADA quadruple hydrogen-bonded arrays (D is donor and A is acceptor) through acid-base interactions and generates a supramolecular rosette-like architecture. In salt (III), the presence of carboxyl-carboxylate interactions and acid-base interactions led to the development of a supramolecular sheet and tunnel-like architecture. Cocrystal (I) and salt (III) are stabilized through offset aromatic π-π stacking interactions and C - H⋯π interactions, and salts (II) and (III) are stabilized via weak carbonyl-π and C - H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Macrocyclic R1212(64) and R33(24) motifs are present in salts (II) and (III), respectively. Hirshfeld surface analysis of (I)-(III) reinforces the fact that N⋯H/H⋯N, O⋯H/H⋯O and C⋯H/H⋯C interactions contribute to the crystal packing and stability. © 2025 International Union of Crystallography. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carboxylation

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Structural diversity of noncanonical nucleosomes: functions in chromatin

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Current Opinion in Structural Biology 2025年 92卷 103054页

作者： Hatazawa, Suguru Horikoshi, Naoki Kurumizaka, Hitoshi Laboratory of Chromatin Structure and Function Institute for Quantitative Biosciences The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0032 Japan

In eukaryotes, genomic DNA is compacted into chromatin, with nucleosomes acting as its basic structural units. In addition to canonical nucleosomes, noncanonical nucleosomes, such as hexasomes, H3–H4 octasomes, and overlapping dinucleosomes, exhibit alternative histone compositions and play key roles in chromatin remodeling, transcription, and replication. Recent cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) studies have elucidated the structural details of these noncanonical nucleosomes and their interactions with histone chaperones and chromatin remodelers. This review highlights recent advances in the structural and functional understanding of noncanonical nucleosomes and their roles in maintaining chromatin integrity and facilitating transcriptional dynamics. © 2025 The Author(s)

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Recent advances in metal-loaded MOFs photocatalysts:From single atom,cluster to nanoparticle

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 68-79页

作者： Shenglan Zhou Haijian Li Hongyi Gao Ang Li Tian Li Shanshan Cheng Jingjing Wang Jitti Kasemchainan Jianhua Yi Fengqi Zhao Wengang Qu Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Function Materials for Molecule&Structure ConstructionSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China National Key Laboratory of Energetic Materials Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research InstituteXi’an 710065China Shunde Innovation School University of Science and Technology BeijingShunde 528399China School of Materials Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Department of Chemical Technology Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10330Thailand

Photocatalysis is widely regarded as a highly promising sustainable technique for addressing the challenges posed by environmental pollution and energy *** recent years,metal-loaded MOFs has become a rising star within the domain of photocatalysis due to its high specific surface area and porosity,adjustable structure,diverse and abundant catalytic components,which has exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity and exhibit great potential in a range of *** this paper,the principles for evaluating the photocatalytic performance of MOFs-based materials were firstly introduced,and some typical examples were also listed *** with this,particular emphasis is paid to the main factors affecting the photocatalytic performance of metal-loaded *** the synthesis and design strategies of MOFs loaded metal entities of varying sizes(single atoms,nanoclusters,and nanoparticles),and their applications in photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction,hydrogen production,photooxidation and photocatalytic hydrogenation were summarized and ***,the opportunities and challenges faced in this kind of MOFs-based composites were analyzed from different *** report is expected to help researchers design and develop high-performance MOFs-based photocatalytic materials.

关键词： Metal-loaded MOFs Photocatalysis Single atom catalysts Nanoclusters Nanoparticles

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Insights into structure-Activity Relationships between Y Zeolites and their n-C_(10)Hydrocracking Performances via Machine Learning Approaches

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2025年第4期71卷 187-196页

作者： Qianli Ma Hong Nie Ping Yang Jianqiang Liu Hongyi Gao Wei Wang Songtao Dong SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co. Ltd.Beijing100083China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Function Materials for Molecule&Structure ConstructionSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Hydrocracking technology represents a crucial position in the conversion of heavy oil and the transformation development from oil refining to the chemical *** properties of catalysts are one of the key factors in the hydrocracking *** the main acidic component of hydrocracking catalyst,the influence of zeolite properties on the reaction performance has been the focus of *** this study,a series of NiMo/Al_(2)O_(3)-Y catalysts were prepared using different Y zeolites as acidic components,and their performances in the hydrocracking of n-C_(10)were also *** structure-activity relationship between Y zeolite and the cracking performance of n-C_(10)was investigated with machine ***,a database of the physical and chemical properties of Y zeolite and their performance was established,and the correlation analysis was also *** such as the cell constant,acid content,acid strength,B/L ratio,mesopore volume,micropore volume of Y zeolite,and the reaction temperature were selected as independent *** conversion of n-C_(10)and the ratios of products C_(3)/C_(7)and i-C_(4)/n-C_(4)were selected as dependent variables.A model was established by the random forest algorithm and a new zeolite was predicted based on *** results of model prediction were in good agreement with the experimental *** R^(2)of the n-C_(10)conversion,C_(3)/C_(7)ratio,and i-C_(4)/n-C_(4)ratio were 0.9866,0.9845,and 0.9922,and the minimum root mean square error values were 0.0163,0.101,and 0.0211,*** results can provide reference for the development of high performance hydrocracking catalyst and technology.

关键词： Hydrocracking Machine learning Y zeolite n-Decane Acid Pore structure

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Vinyl flanked amorphous conjugated polymer by Knoevenagel condensation of diketopyrrolopyrrole and indacenodithiophene for flexible transistor

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Science China Materials 2025年第1期68卷 110-116页

作者： Yanlin Chen Pinyu Chen Shihong Zhou Zhiwei Yang Haijun Long Xianfeng Liang Tianwen Chen Jing Li Luxi Tan Haoli Zhang Lichun Dong Zitong Liu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry(SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design(MOE)College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China

Conjugated polymers exhibit exceptional adaptability in flexible thin-film transistors,owing to their inherent flexibility and high charge ***,achieving conjugated polymers that demonstrate both high mobility and stability under mechanical stress,such as bending or stretching,remains a significant *** this study,we synthesized an ethylene-bridged conjugated polymer,PDPPVIDT,derived from methyl-side diketopyrrolopyrrole(DPP)and indacenodithiophene(IDT)aldehydes,using an environmentally friendly Knoevenagel condensation reaction under mild conditions,resulting in a moderate yield with promising *** characterization techniques revealed enhanced backbone planarity with stableπ-πstacking,while thin films of PDPPVIDT displayed a nearamorphous nature due to the conformational isomerism of the ethylene *** structure enables simultaneous charge transport and ***,flexible organic thinfilm transistor(OTFT)devices based on PDPPVIDT demonstrated excellent hole mobility(μh)reaching up to 1.70 cm^(2) V^(−1) s^(−1),along with high mechanical bending *** work underscores the potential of vinyl-bridged donor-acceptor conjugated polymers,highlighting the industrial adaptability of their production process and offering new insights for the design and synthesis of future flexible electronic materials.

关键词： D-A conjugated polymers diketopyrrolopyrrole flexible thin-film transistors indacenodithiophene Knoevenagel condensation

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Shishania is a chancelloriid and not a Cambrian mollusk

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Science (New York, N.Y.) 2025年第6747期388卷 662-664页

作者： Jie Yang Wei Li Ai-Lin Chen Kun-Sheng Du Xiao Peng Yu Wang Xi-Guang Zhang Martin R Smith Institute of Paleontology Yunnan University Chenggong Kunming China. Research Center of Paleobiology Yuxi Normal University Yuxi China. State Key Laboratory for Vegetation Structure Function and Construction (VegLab) Yunnan University Kunming China.

The Cambrian evolutionary radiation is noted for its profusion of bizarre and unfamiliar body forms, many of which illuminate the early ancestry of major animal groups. The spine-covered fossil (Cambrian Stage 4, Yunnan, China) has been interpreted as intermediate between mollusks and their lophotrochozoan ancestors. Our new material challenges this interpretation. We propose taphonomic explanations for apparent molluscan features and instead identify prominent anatomical similarities to coeval chancelloriids from nearby strata. Our reinterpretation of as an early-diverging chancelloriid helps to consolidate a model for the early evolution of this enduringly problematic group of sponge-like metazoans.

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