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4th Spring Young Researchers Colloquium on Databases and Information systems, SYRCoDIS 2007

作者： Denis, Turdakov Institute for System Programming RAS Russia

Recommender systems apply statistical and knowledge discovery techniques to the problem of making recommendations during live user interaction. This paper describes a novel approach of building recommender systems for the Web with the aid of usergenerated content. Recently certain communities of Internet users have engaged in creating high quality peer reviewed content for the Web. In our approach we are planning to extract the semantics of such user-generated content and to use these semantics to make more useful recommendations.

关键词： Recommender systems

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Better Reuse of Architecture Models: Profits and Costs

Better Reuse of Architecture Models: Profits and Costs

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SAE AeroTech Congress and Exhibition, AEROTECH 2017

作者： Buzdalov, Denis Khoroshilov, Alexey Institute for System Programming of RAS Russia

Different modelling techniques intended to deal with complexity of modern IMA systems are widely used now. Models can be used to help developers to lay out relevant information structurally. They can also be used to perform different formal analyses on machine-readable models like schedulability analysis, network load checks, WCET for software parts, FTA and FMEA and etc. For some kinds of analyses, special models are created on different stages of development. We suppose that reuse of models for different aspects and development stages is generally a good thing. In some cases it allows to reduce costs on development process;also it allows to make preservation of consistency between models more automatic. We are aware that using the same model for different stages or aspects can cause additional cost in the model maintenance. In this paper we are trying to make a step to further (including practical) research on this topic. We are considering AADL as an architecture modelling language to use. We also are considering the MASIW [9, 12] framework to work with AADL models and to analyze them. Considering particular modelling aspects, we suggest a case where we want to show how models can be reused on different stages of development. We hope that approach applied for this case would work for other cases that can appear in the avionics development domain. © 2017 SAE International.

关键词： Modeling languages

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Natch: Detecting Attack Surface for Multi-Service systems with Hybrid Introspection 23

Natch: Detecting Attack Surface for Multi-Service Systems wi...

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23rd IEEE International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability, and Security Companion, QRS-C 2023

作者： Dovgalyuk, Pavel Klimushenkova, Maria Fursova, Natalia Vasiliev, Ivan Stepanov, Vladislav Institute for System Programming Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359398

Attack surface is the set of code and data that can be changed, stolen, or exploited by the user of the system. Attack surface of the complex systems may consist of functions on different programming languages and data files within web servers, Python/JS backends, databases, firewalls, and other services. Having the attack surface description, one can remove un-needed dependencies of the scripts, modules, and programs, or improve testing (e.g., make more fuzzing), as it is needed for security development lifecycle (SDL). Attack surface de-scription may also be required in the process of software certification. In this paper we focus on finding program code that processes the input data and therefore can be treated as an attack surface. This analysis is performed in the virtual machine (VM), and application properties can be extracted using VM introspection. Existing introspection methods can be applied only to binary code, and not for scripts. When script interpreter runs a program, this script, and its functions should also be treated as an attack surface. Runtime architecture of the system, i.e., loaded binary mod-ules, executed scripts, open web sockets, accessed files, application interactions, and so on, also may be used for analysis of the attack surface. Therefore the aim of this paper is extending introspection and VM analysis methods for recovering the attack surface of the complex system, executed in the virtual machines. Our contribution is the following: new method for recovering the runtime architecture of the system, new approach for finding executables in the virtual machine memory, and new hybrid introspection method for analyzing the execution of interacting compiled and interpreted programs. We implemented these new approaches for QEMU emulator running Linux-based OSes with CPython interpreters, as they widely used for creating complex multi-component systems. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Life cycle

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Generation of test scripts for application with GUI optimized for manual execution

Generation of test scripts for application with GUI optimize...

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2009 5th Central and Eastern European Software Engineering Conference in Russia, CEE-SECR 2009

作者： Barancev, A.V. Groshev, S.G. Omelchenko, V.A. Institute for System Programming of RAS Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781424456659

The article describes the method for constructing sequences of user actions that are optimized for manual execution, based on the model in the form of a diagram of states and transitions. Scenarios for such implementation requires, primarily, when the GUI is the only way to interact with the application, but its implementation does not provide or make economically viable software emulation effects through it. Secondly, the test kit to perform the manual test may be necessary to assess the practicality of the graphical user interface to verify its compliance with selected standards and user acceptance testing. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Graphical user interfaces

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Neuron Coverage Maximization for Effective Test Set Construction with Respect to the Model

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Journal of Mathematical Sciences (United States) 2024年第2期285卷 189-200页

作者： Kushchuk, D. Ryndin, M. Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of the RAS Moscow Russian Federation

Real world data is not stationary and thus models must be monitored in production. One way to be sure in a model’s performance is regular testing. If the labels are not available, the task of minimizing the labeling cost can be formulated. In this work, we investigate and develop various ways to construct a minimum test set for a given trained model, in a fashion where the accuracy of the model calculated on the chosen subset is as close to the real one as possible. We focus on the white box scenario and propose a novel approach that uses neuron coverage as a observable functional to maximize in order to minimize the number of samples. We evaluate the proposed approach and compare it to Bayesian methods and stratification algorithms that are the main approaches to solve this task in literature. The developed method shows approximately the same level of performance but has a number of advantages over its competitors. It is deterministic, thus eliminating the dispersion of the results. Also, this method can give one a hint on the optimal budget. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

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Virtualization-based separation of privilege: Working with sensitive data in untrusted environment

Virtualization-based separation of privilege: Working with s...

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1st EuroSys Workshop on Virtualization Technology for Dependable systems,VTDS 2009

作者： Burdonov, Igor Kosachev, Alexander Iakovenko, Pavel Institute for System Programming RAS Moscow Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781605584737

Contemporary commodity operating systems are too big and do not inspire trust in their security and reliability. Still they are used for processing sensitive data due to the vast amount of legacy software and good support for virtually all hardware devices. Common approaches used to ensure sensitive data protection are either too strict or not reliable. In this article we propose virtualization-based approach for preventing sensitive data leaks from a computer running untrusted commodity OS without sacrificing public network connectivity, computer usability and performance. It is based on separating privileges between two virtual machines: public VM that has unlimited network access and private (isolated) VM that is used for processing sensitive data. Virtual machine monitor uses public VM to provide transparent access to Internet for selected trusted applications running inside the private VM on a system call level. Proposed security architecture allows using one and the same untrusted OS on both virtual machines without necessity to encrypt sensitive data. However it poses a challenge of enforcing dynamic protection over the trusted applications running in the potentially compromised OS. We investigate this problem and provide our solution for it. Copyright 2009 ACM.

关键词： Sensitive data

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Octree-based approach to spatial indexing of complex dynamic scenes 25

Octree-based approach to spatial indexing of complex dynamic...

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25th International Conference on Computer Graphics and Vision, GraphiCon 2015

作者： Zolotov, V.A. Petrishchev, K.S. Semenov, V.A. Institute for System Programming of the RAS Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9785888350416

The paper is dedicated to theoretical research of spatial indexing methods in conformity to three dimensional scenes arising in CAD/CAM systems, robotics, virtual and augmented reality applications. Special attention is given to the decomposition methods based on regular dynamic octrees. A particular version of the octrees is described and investigated to satisfy to the efficiency requirements for typical spatial queries in complex dynamic scenes with the extended borders objects. To perform the needed complexity analysis, the developed octree structure is analyzed against typical spatial queries like collision detection, frustum culling. To obtain more relevant estimates of the complexity on average rather than known pessimistic estimates in worst case, model scene datasets have been introduced. They assume uniform distribution of equal size objects over the scene volume and, being parametric, allow simulation of wide range of industry meaningful scenes. Some auxiliary lemmas about octree depth and distribution of the scene objects over octree levels have been proven based on probabilistic analysis. Final theorem statements provides for the complexity estimates of query evaluation for the model scenes. The obtained results show that asymptotic complexity grows with the object sizes and the scene occupancy. However, the estimates on average improve known results in worst case and can be considered as a theoretical background to introduce the investigated indexing structures to practical applications. © 2015 institute of Physics and Technology.

关键词： Computer aided design

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Realistic Adversarial Attacks on Object Detectors Using Generative Models

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Journal of Mathematical Sciences (United States) 2024年第2期285卷 245-254页

作者： Shelepneva, D. Arkhipenko, K. Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of the RAS Moscow Russian Federation

An important limitation of existing adversarial attacks on real-world object detectors lies in their threat model: adversarial patch-based methods often produce suspicious images while image generation approaches do not restrict the attacker’s capabilities of modifying the original scene. We design a threat model where the attacker modifies individual image segments and is required to produce realistic images. We also develop and evaluate a white-box attack that utilizes generative adversarial nets and diffusion models as a generator of malicious images. Our attack is able to produce high-fidelity images as measured by the Fréchet inception distance (FID) and reduces the mAP of Faster R-CNN model by over 0.2 on Cityscapes and COCO-Stuff datasets. A PyTorch implementation of our attack is available at https://***/DariaShel/gan-attack. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： adversarial examples diffusion models generative adversarial networks object detectors

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Numerical and analytical models for prediction of the local scour under pipelines

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第6期36卷 1130-1141页

作者： Andrey Epikhin Igor Potapov Aleksandr Petrov Aleksandr Kukharskii Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of the RAS MoscowRussia Computing Center FEB RAS Khabarovsk680000Russia Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics RAS MoscowRussia

This paper considers local scour around a pipeline under turbulent *** Navier-Stokes equations are solved with a shear stress turbulence *** original bed deformation equation based on an analytical sediment transport model is used to describe the changes in the bottom *** proposed sediment transport equation is based on Coulomb’s friction law for granular flow,Prandtl’s friction law for turbulent flow,and agrees with a large number of phenomenological formulas by other authors.A numerical algorithm for solving the mathematical model of bed surface erosion is implemented in *** simulations of the problem show that under the influence of turbulent flow generated at the pipeline streamline,a characteristic bottom wave of low steepness appears,the parameters of which asymptotically agree with the experimental *** on the analysis of experimental and numerical studies of the considered case,an assumption about the self-similar behavior of the bed surface evolution is *** on this assumption,a new method of constructing the self-similar dependence of the bed surface on time and space coordinates is *** the proposed approach,the average values of tangential bottom stresses are determined for a number of self-similar bottom surface shapes,and then the rates of change of bottom wave lengths and amplitudes are calculated using the proposed analytical model.A comparison with experimental data and numerical calculations shows that the solution error does not exceed a few percent and the computational time is reduced by up to 30 times.

关键词： Pipelines numerical simulation sediment transport scour hydrodynamics self-similar behavior OpenFOAM

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Optimal Routing for Autonomous Taxis using Distributed Reinforcement Learning 18

Optimal Routing for Autonomous Taxis using Distributed Reinf...

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18th IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW)

作者： Rahili, Salar Riviere, Benjamin Oliver, Suzanne Chung, Soon-Jo Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538692882

In this paper, a learning-based optimal transportation algorithm for autonomous taxis and ridesharing vehicles is introduced. The goal is to design a mechanism to solve the routing problem for a fleet of autonomous vehicles in real-time in order to maximize the transportation company's profit. To solve this problem, the system is modeled as a Markov Decision Process (MDP) using past customers data. By solving the defined MDP, a centralized high-level planning recommendation is obtained, where this offline solution is used as an initial value for the real-time learning. Then, a distributed SARSA reinforcement learning algorithm is proposed to capture the model errors and the environment changes, such as variations in customer distributions in each area, traffic, and fares, thereby providing an accurate model and optimal policies in real-time. Agents are using only their local information and interaction, such as current passenger requests and estimates of neighbors' tasks and their optimal actions, to obtain the optimal policies in a distributed fashion. The agents use the estimated values of each action, provided by distributed SARSA reinforcement learning, in a distributed game-theory based task assignment to select their conflict-free customers. Finally, the customers data provided by the city of Chicago is used to validate the proposed algorithms.

关键词： Reinforcement learning Transportation Routing Planning Task analysis Real-time systems Urban areas

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