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Machine and deep learning techniques for the prediction of diabetics: a review

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第18期84卷 19425-19549页

作者： Modak, Sandip Kumar Singh Jha, Vijay Kumar Department of Computer Science & Engineering Sarala Birla University Jharkhand Ranchi India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Ranchi India

Diabetes has become one of the significant reasons for public sickness and death in worldwide. By 2019, diabetes had affected more than 463 million people worldwide. According to the International Diabetes Federation report, this figure is expected to rise to more than 700 million in 2040, so early screening and diagnosis of diabetes patients have great significance in detecting and treating diabetes on time. Diabetes is a multi factorial metabolic disease, its diagnostic criteria are difficult to cover all the ethology, damage degree, pathogenesis and other factors, so there is a situation for uncertainty and imprecision under various aspects of the medical diagnosis process. With the development of Data mining, researchers find that machine learning and deep learning, playing an important role in diabetes prediction research. This paper is an in-depth study on the application of machine learning and deep learning techniques in the prediction of diabetics. In addition, this paper also discusses the different methodology used in machine and deep learning for prediction of diabetics since last two decades and examines the methods used, to explore their successes and failure. This review would help researchers and practitioners understand the current state-of-the-art methods and identify gaps in the literature. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Data mining

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Boosting cervical cancer detection with a multi-stage architecture and complementary information fusion

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Soft Computing 2025年第2期29卷 1191-1206页

作者： Sahoo, Pranab Saha, Sriparna Sharma, Saksham Kumar Mondal, Samrat Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Patna India Computer Science University of Maryland Baltimore CountyMD United States

Cervical cancer is one of the most fatal and prevalent illnesses affecting women globally. Early detection of cervical cancer is crucial for effective treatment. Pap smear tests are commonly used, but population-based screening is time-consuming, expensive, and requires expert physicians. computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) has shown promise in addressing this challenge. However, accurately predicting the disease using a single model can be difficult due to the complex data patterns involved. This research proposes a multi-stage architecture to improve cervical cancer screening. Initially, three pre-trained models are employed for image classification, after which the proposed advanced fusion technique is applied to combine the predictions. Additionally, we introduce a filtering approach in the third stage to refine the predictions. Unlike traditional fusion methods, the proposed architecture considers the confidence score of the base classifiers in making the final predictions on test samples. To enhance the performance of the models, we incorporate advanced augmentation techniques, including CutMix, CutOut, and MixUp. We assessed the performance of the proposed framework using a 5-fold cross-validation technique on two benchmark datasets. We evaluated the performance of the proposed framework through 5-fold cross-validation on two benchmark datasets. Remarkably, our framework achieved a classification accuracy of 97.62% and an F1-score of 97.64% on the SIPaKMeD dataset, demonstrating its effectiveness in accurately categorizing various cell types in the dataset. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Cervical cancer computer-aided detection Deep learning Ensemble learning

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Face Recognition Using LBPH and CNN

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Recent Advances in computer science and Communications 2024年第5期17卷 48-58页

作者： Shukla, Ratnesh Kumar Tiwari, Arvind Kumar Mishra, Ashish Ranjan Department of Computer Science & Engineering Shambhunath Institute of Engineering & Technology Uttar Pradesh Prayagraj211012 India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Kamla Nehru Institute of Engineering & Technology Uttar Pradesh Sultanpur228118 India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Rajkiya Engineering College Uttar Pradesh Sonbhadra231206 India

Objective: The purpose of this paper was to use Machine Learning (ML) techniques to extract facial features from images. Accurate face detection and recognition has long been a problem in computer vision. According to a recent study, Local Binary Pattern (LBP) is a superior facial descriptor for face recognition. A person's face may make their identity, feelings, and ideas more obvious. In the modern world, everyone wants to feel secure from unauthorized authentication. Face detection and recognition help increase security;however, the most difficult challenge is to accurately recognise faces without creating any false identities. Methods: The proposed method uses a Local Binary Pattern Histogram (LBPH) and Convolution Neural Network (CNN) to preprocess face images with equalized histograms. Results: LBPH in the proposed technique is used to extract and join the histogram values into a single vector. The technique has been found to result in a reduction in training loss and an increase in validation accuracy of over 96.5%. Prior algorithms have been reported with lower accuracy when compared to LBPH using CNN. Conclusion: This study demonstrates how studying characteristics produces more precise results, as the number of epochs increases. By comparing facial similarities, the vector has generated the best result. © 2024 Bentham science Publishe.

关键词： Face recognition

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An optimization driven deep belief network model for crop yield prediction in IoT based smart agriculture

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-23页

作者： Patel, Jaideep Chandel, Sonal Telang Sonker, Abhilash Department of Computer Science Engineering Sagar Institute of Research and Technology Bhopal India Department of Computer Science Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Bhopal India Department of Information Technology Madhav Institute of Technology & Science Gwalior India

Crop yield Prediction based on environmental, soil, water, and crop parameters has been an active area of research in agriculture. Many studies have shown that these parameters can have a significant impact on crop yields, and that accurate predictions of crop yields can be made by considering them together. Despite the progress made in crop yield prediction, several challenges still remain, such as the lack of high-quality and diverse data, the high cost of technology, and the lack of domain knowledge for certain crops and regions. Thus, Crop yield forecasting models can reasonably estimate yields, but better yield forecasting performance is still desirable. Thus, in order to enhance the accuracy of crop yield prediction in IoT, a novel optimization driven deep belief neural network model is developed in this study. IoT sensors can collect data on various environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, soil moisture, as well as crop parameters such as growth stage and leaf area index. These data can then be used to train a proposed deep learning-based model, namely an optimization driven deep belief neural network (DBNN) along with an effective crocodile optimization algorithm, to predict crop yields. To improve the performance of DBNN, adaptive crocodile optimization (ACO) algorithm is used. Using this algorithm, weight parameters of DBNN are chosen optimally. Results of the article depict that the proposed model achieve accuracy of 97.26%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Smart agriculture

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A State-Migration Particle Swarm Optimizer for Adaptive Latent Factor Analysis of High-Dimensional and Incomplete Data

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第11期11卷 2220-2235页

作者： Jiufang Chen Kechen Liu Xin Luo Ye Yuan Khaled Sedraoui Yusuf Al-Turki MengChu Zhou IEEE the College of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications the Department of Computer Science Columbia University the College of Computer and Information Science Southwest University the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineeringand also with K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation CenterKing Abdulaziz University the Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems the Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of Engineeringand also with K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation CenterKing Abdulaziz University the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology

High-dimensional and incomplete(HDI) matrices are primarily generated in all kinds of big-data-related practical applications. A latent factor analysis(LFA) model is capable of conducting efficient representation learning to an HDI matrix,whose hyper-parameter adaptation can be implemented through a particle swarm optimizer(PSO) to meet scalable ***, conventional PSO is limited by its premature issues,which leads to the accuracy loss of a resultant LFA model. To address this thorny issue, this study merges the information of each particle's state migration into its evolution process following the principle of a generalized momentum method for improving its search ability, thereby building a state-migration particle swarm optimizer(SPSO), whose theoretical convergence is rigorously proved in this study. It is then incorporated into an LFA model for implementing efficient hyper-parameter adaptation without accuracy loss. Experiments on six HDI matrices indicate that an SPSO-incorporated LFA model outperforms state-of-the-art LFA models in terms of prediction accuracy for missing data of an HDI matrix with competitive computational ***, SPSO's use ensures efficient and reliable hyper-parameter adaptation in an LFA model, thus ensuring practicality and accurate representation learning for HDI matrices.

关键词： Data science generalized momentum high-dimensional and incomplete(HDI)data hyper-parameter adaptation latent factor analysis(LFA) particle swarm optimization(PSO)

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Automatic lung cancer detection using hybrid particle snake swarm optimization with optimized mask RCNN

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第31期83卷 76807-76831页

作者： Sudha, R. Maheswari, K. M. Uma Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of computing College of engineering and technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur India Department of Computing Technologies School of Computing College of engineering and technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur India

As a result of its aggressive nature and late identification at advanced stages, lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Lung cancer early diagnosis is a serious and difficult challenge that is crucial to a person's survival. The first diagnosis of the malignant nodules is typically made using chest radiography (X-rays) and computed tomography (CT) scans;however, the potential presence of benign nodules results in incorrect conclusions. The early phases of both benign and malignant nodules exhibit striking similarities. In this paper, a novel deep learning-based model is proposed for the precise diagnosis of malignant nodules. The proposed approach consists of two stages namely, pre-processing and lung nodule detection. Initially, the Lung CT scan images are collected from the dataset. Then, to remove the noise present in the input image, we apply an adaptive median filter. Then, to enhance the image, Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) is applied. After pre-processing, the image is given to the optimized mask RCNN classifier to detect the malignant and benign nodules. To enhance the performance of the Mask RCNN classifier, the hyper-parameters are optimally selected using hybrid particle snake swarm optimization (PS2OA). The proposed PS2OA is a hybridization of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and snake swarm optimization (SSO). The performance of the proposed approach is analyzed based on different metrics and effectiveness compared with state-of-the-art works. The proposed approach attained the maximum accuracy of 97.67%. This work aimed at assisting radiologists to detect and diagnose small-size pulmonary nodules more accurately. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Diagnosis

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Empirical techniques for effort estimation in designing effective ML models

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International Journal of computers and Applications 2025年第2期47卷 226-234页

作者： Padmanabha Reddy, Y.C.A. Kosuru, Sai Sathwik Sirisalla, Nageswara Rao Vivekananda, G.N. Perala, Venkata Akanksha Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Chaitanya Bharati Institute of Technology Telangana Hyderabad India Department of CSE B V Raju Institute of Technology Telangana Narsapur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering K.S.R.M. College of Engineering AP Kadapa India School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India

Machine Learning Research often involves the use of diverse libraries, modules, and pseudocodes for data processing, cleaning, filtering, pattern recognition, and computer intelligence. Quantization of Effort Required for the above cumulative processes is rarely discussed in the existing works and The time to reach the desired level of the model's functionality is essential to gauge the environment training for the model training and pre-deployment testing. In this study, we empirically defined the manual-cum-computational effort required for the model development in terms of 2-time factors: time-to-live (time until 1st code modification) and time-for-modification (time between 2 codebase changes) taken together in a mathematical model to compute Effort Factor(quantitative measure of determining effort needed to design ML algorithms). The study is novel in terms of how the effort required to create ML models is calculated with a particular focus on the manual effort direction. The results and the findings obtained can be used for determining the total time needed to synthesize ML models and frameworks in terms of code change cycles and implementation strategies marking a 25% performance increase in the current method above the Standard Pipeline. © 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Pipeline codes

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Halo reduction multi-exposure image fusion technique

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第13期84卷 12347-12370页

作者： Sharif, Rizwan Amin, Benish Sukhia, Komal Nain Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Space Technology Islamabad Pakistan Department of Computer Science Institute of Space Technology Islamabad Pakistan

Multi-exposure image fusion (MEF) involves combining images captured at different exposure levels to create a single, well-exposed fused image. MEF has a wide range of applications, including low light, low contrast, night photography, medical imaging, and remote sensing. However, MEF methods often face issues like artifacts, halos around edges, color inconsistencies, noise amplification, and difficulty in preserving fine details. Moreover, assessing the quality of fused images objectively is complex due to the subjective nature of human perception. Solving the challenges is essential to developing efficient MEF techniques that produce high-quality results across various scenarios. The proposed technique introduces an approach to handling halo artifacts and implementing MEF. The Dense Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (DSIFT) is used to capture vital information about image brightness, texture, and edges from source images. Three weight maps are computed from the local mean, signal strength, and the global gradient for initial weight estimation. The local mean represents the brightness of specific image areas, signal strength preserves essential details like textures and edges while reducing image noise, and global gradient helps identify regions with significant pixel value shifts across multiple exposure images. The weight maps are then combined using a weighted average and a Gaussian smoothing filter is applied to reduce inherent noise and discontinuities in the original weights. Subsequently, pyramid decomposition is performed to generate a fused image. The efficiency of the proposed method is extensively tested on challenging multi-exposure image sequences. The results of the proposed approach demonstrate its superiority in both subjective evaluation and objective metrics like the MEF-Structural Similarity Index (MEF-SSIM), Natural Image Quality Evaluator (NIQE) and Gradient based performance measure (QAB/f). © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer

关键词： Image fusion

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Research on facial expression recognition based on multimodal data fusion and neural network

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International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing 2024年第1期27卷 47-55页

作者： Han, Yi Wang, Xubin Lu, Zhengyu School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan China Anyang Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Henan Province Anyang China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology FengXian District Shanghai China

Facial expression recognition is a challenging task when neural network is applied to pattern recognition. Most of the current recognition research is based on single source facial data, which generally has the disadvantages of low accuracy and low robustness. In this paper, a neural network algorithm of facial expression recognition based on multimodal data fusion is proposed. The algorithm is based on the multimodal data, and it takes the facial image, the histogram of oriented gradient of the image and the facial landmarks as the input, and establishes Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) designed to extract features from facial image, neural network designed to extract features from facial Landmarks and Neural Network (LNN) designed to extract features from Histogram of gradient (HNN), three sub-neural networks to extract data features, using multimodal data feature fusion mechanism to improve the accuracy of facial expression recognition. Experimental results show that, the algorithm has a great improvement in accuracy, robustness and detection speed. Copyright © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Data fusion

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Realizing the potential of Internet of Things (IoT) in Industrial applications

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Discover Internet of Things 2025年第1期5卷 1-16页

作者： Rathi, Bharat Thapaswi, S. Kambhampati, Meghana Jain, Vineet Akshay, P. Pandey, Trilok Nath Pradhan, Sunil Kumar School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai600127 India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai600127 India

The Internet of Things (IoT), which enables seamless connectivity and effective data exchange between physical items and digital systems, has completely changed the way we interact with our surroundings. This study evaluates IoT applications in healthcare, transportation, agriculture, and smart cities, highlighting advancements, opportunities, and challenges. Using a systematic literature review and case study analysis, it identifies essential IoT components, including sensors, communication protocols, data analytics, and security methods. Key findings demonstrate IoT's potential to enhance healthcare through real-time monitoring and cost reduction, optimize transportation systems for resource efficiency, improve agricultural productivity via precision farming, and enable sustainable urban development in smart cities. However, challenges like data privacy, interoperability, and scalability remain critical barriers to widespread adoption. This study underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration among researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders to address these challenges and unlock IoT's full potential. It provides actionable insights and future directions for realizing a connected, efficient, and sustainable IoT-driven future. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Precision agriculture

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