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Reconstruction of power spectrum of primordial curvature perturbations on small scales from primordial black hole binaries scenario of LIGO/VIRGO detection

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第6期66卷 87-93页

作者： Xinpeng Wang Ying-li Zhang Rampei Kimura Masahide Yamaguchi School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China Institute for Advanced Study of Tongji University Shanghai200092China Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe(WPI) Chiba277-8583Japan Center for Gravitation and Cosmology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China Waseda Institute for Advanced Study Waseda UniversityTokyo169-8050Japan Department of Physics Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo152-8551Japan

As a candidate bound for the Binary Black Hole(BBH) merger events detected by LIGO/Virgo, Primordial Black Holes(PBHs)provide a useful tool to investigate the primordial curvature perturbations on small scales. Using the GWTC-1 to GWTC-3 catalogs, under the scenario that PBHs originate from large primordial curvature perturbations on small scales during infiationary epoch, we for the first time reconstruct the power spectrum of primordial curvature perturbations on small scales. It is found that the value of the amplitude of the primordial power spectrum is enhanced to O(10-2)on scales O(1) pc. This may imply the validity of PBH as a possible BBH merger candidate.

关键词： primordial black hole primordial curvature perturbation gravitational wave inflation

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Water disinfection:Advances in photocatalysis and piezo/triboelectric catalysis with progressively enhanced energy utilization

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SusMat 2024年第5期4卷 114-138页

作者： Zhidi Chen Mengyao Pan Chong Cheng Jing Luo Xu Deng Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences School of MedicineSichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduChina Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaShenzhenChina

Increasing climate-related extreme weather events and conflicts hinder safe water sanitation for vulnerable *** developing areas,centralized water systems are impractical due to high costs and poor ***,technologies utilizing renewable energy like solar and mechanical energy for water treatment hold *** is critical to develop photocatalysts and piezo-electric/triboelectric catalysts that capture solar energy as well as mechanical energy to generate disinfectants to maximize energy *** latest advancements in principles,materials,and processes utilizing solar and mechan-ical energy for water disinfection are highlighted in this ***,we elucidate both direct and indirect mechanisms of sunlight-mediated water dis-infection,discuss the evolution of photocatalysts from simple UV absorption to visible-light utilization,and even near-infrared light exploitation to enhance solar spectrum utilization ***,we delve into the fundamen-tal principles of piezoelectricity and triboelectricity relying on mechanical energy conversion as well as summarize the development of piezo/triboelectric cat-alysts from being driven by high-frequency energy to utilizing low-frequency mechanical energy from the ***,challenges and directions for efficient systems are outlined to inspire rational design strategies and accel-erate the production of superior catalytic systems applicable across a broad range.

关键词： photocatalysis piezo/triboelectric catalysis water disinfection

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Coherent combination of mid-IR laser beams using a Sagnac-type interferometer

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Optics Express 2025年第6期33卷 13840-13847页

作者： Chen, Liming Huang, Jiapeng Sun, Weiyi Li, Zeqing Jiang, Cong Wang, Yuchen Jiang, Yiguang Zhang, Long Jiang, Xin Pang, Meng Department of Optics and Optical Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Russell Centre for Advanced Lightwave Science Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Hangzhou Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Hangzhou311421 China Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201800 China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou310024 China

We report a high-efficiency coherent beam combination (CBC) system operating in the mid-infrared (2.8 µm) spectral region, implemented using two fluoride fiber amplifiers with a configuration of Sagnac-type interferometer. The system exhibits good performance at both continuous-wave (CW) and picosecond-pulse operation conditions. For the CW CBC, the system exhibits a high combination efficiency of >90%, delivering a maximum output power of 2.8 W with a beam quality factor (M2) of © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Pulsed lasers

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Continuum of spin excitations in an ordered magnet

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The Innovation 2025年第4期6卷 83-88,82页

作者： Jieming Sheng Le Wang Wenrui Jiang Han Ge Nan Zhao Tiantian Li Maiko Kofu Dehong Yu Wei Zhu Jia-Wei Mei Zhentao Wang Liusuo Wu Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Physical Sciences Great Bay University and Great Bay Institute for Advanced StudyDongguan 523000China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China International Quantum Academy Shenzhen 518048China J-PARC Center Japan Atomic Energy AgencyTokaiIbaraki 319-1195Japan Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation Lucas HeightsNSW 2234Australia School of Science Westlake UniversityHangzhou 310030China Institute of Natural Sciences Westlake Institute of Advanced StudyHangzhou 310024China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Center for Correlated Matter and School of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Spin excitation continua observed in neutron scattering studies are often considered to be strong evidence of quantum spin liquid *** a disorder-free magnetic compound with a quantum spin liquid ground state,the elementary excitation is no longer the conventional spin waves(magnons).Instead,the magnons fractionalize into spinons,producing a characteristic two-spinon ***,it remained uncertain whether a clean,ordered antiferromagnet could exhibit a continuous spectrum similar to that of a quantum spin *** paper presents evidence of a spin excitation continuum in the magnetically ordered state of Na_(2)BaCo(PO_(4))_(2),where free spinons are *** challenges the interpretation of such a continuum as a definitive signature of a quantum spin liquid in new material studies.

关键词： spin excitation continua spin excitation continuum neutron scattering studies spin waves magnons insteadthe quantum spin liquid ordered antiferromagnet magnons spinons

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A dilute fluorine-free electrolyte design for high-voltage hybrid aqueous batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第2期77卷 180-190,I0005页

作者： Rui Lin Jiahao Chen Changming Ke Shi Liu Jianhui Wang School of Materials Science&Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310024ZhejiangChina Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310024ZhejiangChina Institute of Advanced Technology Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhou 310024ZhejiangChina Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province Department of PhysicsSchool of ScienceWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310030ZhejiangChina Institute of Natural Sciences Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhou 310024ZhejiangChina

Fluorinated salts and/or high salt concentrations are usually necessary to produce protective films on the electrodes for high-voltage aqueous batteries,yet these approaches increase the cost,toxicity and reaction resistances of ***,we report a dilute fluorine-free electrolyte design to overcome this *** using the LiClO_(4) salt and polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether(PED)solvent and optimizing the LiClO_(4)/PED/H_(2)O molar ratio,we formulate a 1 mol kg^(-1)3 V-class hybrid aqueous electrolyte that enables reversible charge/discharge of 2.5 V LiMn_(2)O_(4)|Li_(4)Ti_(5)O_(12) full cell at both low(0.5C,92.4%capacity retention in 300 cycles)and high(5C,80.4%capacity retention in 2000 cycles)*** excellent performance is reached even without the generation of protective film on either anode or cathode as identified by in/ex situ *** selection of appropriate ingredients that have both high stability and strong interactions with water is critical to widen the potential window of electrolyte while suppressing parasitic reactions on the *** work suggests that expensive and toxic fluorinate salts are no longer necessary for 3 V-class aqueous electrolytes,boosting the development of low-cost,environmentally-friendly,high-power and high-energy-density aqueous batteries.

关键词： High-voltage hybrid aqueous batteries Fluorine-free electrolyte design Interphase chemistry Polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether

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ANALOG CIRCUIT FAULT DIAGNOSIS METHOD USING AUTO-ENCODER BASED FEATURE EXTRACTION 10

ANALOG CIRCUIT FAULT DIAGNOSIS METHOD USING AUTO-ENCODER BAS...

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10th International Symposium on Test Automation and Instrumentation, ISTAI 2024

作者： Zhou, Naixin Chen, Shibo Zhao, Jiaming Zhao, Yijiu School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study UESTC Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9781837242672

Motivated by the development of artificial intelligence, data-driven fault diagnosis for analogue circuits has become popular. Data-driven methods commonly include two stages: the feature extraction stage and the fault isolation stage. Traditional feature extraction methods, mainly using signal processing, suffer from the problem of information loss and are highly dependent on prior knowledge. In order to deal with the limitations above, a semi-supervised representation learning method is proposed for fault diagnosis. An autoencoder-based structure is adopted to establish a mathematical encoder. The proposed encoder can directly capture the latent feature from the original signal data without traditional data processing. And then a two-layer neural network is applied to further fault classification task. Experiments on two classical filter circuits are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness and merits of the proposed fault diagnosis method for analogue circuits. © The Institution of Engineering & technology 2024.

关键词： Multilayer neural networks

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A Novel Human Activity Recognition Framework Based on Pre-Trained Foundation Model

A Novel Human Activity Recognition Framework Based on Pre-Tr...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Xiong, Fuhai Wang, Junxian Liu, Yushi Yan, Xudong Ivanov, Kamen Wang, Lei Yan, Yan University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen China Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Institute of Electronics Sofia Bulgaria Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Shenzhen China Wenzhou Institute of Technology Wenzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Human activity recognition is closely related to human health and is a hot research topic. With the continuous development of AI technology, large models have shown great potential in various training tasks. However, there is limited analysis of human sensor motion data. In this study, we fine-tuned large models on five motion datasets, designed an adaptation layer suitable for time series data to extract action representations fully, and proposed a novel HAR framework. We conducted action recognition experiments on five foundation models and compared them with ten classical algorithm models. The experimental results show that the accuracy of action recognition in small-parameter pre-trained large models can reach 98.8%, indicating significant research potential. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Time series

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Effect of cyclic heat treatment on abnormal grain growth in Fe-Mn-Al-based shape memory alloys with different Ni contents

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2023年第22期153卷 8-21页

作者： Huabei Peng Liqiu Yong Yang Zuo Jiazhen Yan Hui Wang Yuhua Wen School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Nuclear Science and TechnologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center Institute for Advanced StudyChengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

Cyclic heat treatment that can continuously promote abnormal grain growth is widely used for the prepa-ration of single-crystal Fe-Mn-Al-based shape memory ***,it takes a long time to prepare large-size Fe-Mn-Al-based alloy single crystals via the reported cyclic heat ***,the long-time cyclic heat treatment at high temperatures leads to the development of defects including oxidation and a decrease in Mn,which would deteriorate superelasticity in the Fe-Mn-Al-based shape memory *** shorten the fabrication time of single crystals,the effect of the cyclic heat treatment process on the abnormal grain growth in the Fe-Mn-Al-based alloys with different Ni contents was systematically *** is found that the abnormal grain growth of Fe-Mn-Al-based alloys was not significantly affected by the Ni contents(within 2.1 at.%-6.2 at.%).In addition,the abnormal grain growth could be promoted by 1-2℃ min^(-1) cooling rate,high solution temperature,and multiple cycles,while it was insensitive to other processes including heating rate,dual-phase time as well as long-time solution *** findings can guide optimizing the fabrication process of single crystals by cyclic heat ***,the Fe_(41.9)Mn_(37.8)Al_(14.1) Ni_(6.2) single crystal prepared by the optimized cyclic heat treatment showed a recoverable strain of about 4%.

关键词： Cyclic heat treatment Ni content Abnormal grain growth Fe-Mn-Al-based shape memory alloy Superelasticity

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Privacy-preserving Stable Crowdsensing Data Trading for Unknown Market 42

Privacy-preserving Stable Crowdsensing Data Trading for Unkn...

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42nd IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications, INFOCOM 2023

作者： Sun, He Xiao, Mingjun Xu, Yin Gao, Guoju Zhang, Shu University of Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Technology Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study Hefei China Soochow University School of Computer Science and Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350334142

As a new paradigm of data trading, Crowdsensing Data Trading (CDT) has attracted widespread attention in recent years, where data collection tasks of buyers are crowdsourced to a group of mobile users as sellers through a platform as a broker for long-term data trading. The stability of the matching between buyers and sellers in the data trading market is one of the most important CDT issues. In this paper, we focus on the privacy-preserving stable CDT issue with unknown preference sequences of buyers. Our goal is to maximize the accumulative data quality for each task while protecting the data qualities of sellers and ensuring the stability of the CDT market. We model such privacy-preserving stable CDT issue with unknown preference sequences as a differentially private competing multi-player multi-armed bandit problem. We define a novel metric δ-stability and propose a privacy-preserving stable CDT mechanism based on differential privacy, stable matching theory, and competing bandit strategy, called DPS-CB, to solve this problem. Finally, we prove the security and the stability of the CDT market under the effect of privacy concerns and analyze the regret performance of DPS-CB. Also, the performance is demonstrated on a real-world dataset. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Stability

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Magnetoresistance hysteresis in the superconducting state of kagome CsV_(3)Sb_(5)

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第10期33卷 30-34页

作者： Tian Le Jinjin Liu Zhiwei Wang Xiao Lin Institute of Natural Sciences Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhou 310024China Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province Department of PhysicsSchool of Science and Research Center for Industries of the FutureWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310030China Centre for Quantum Physics Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement(MOE)School of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Material Science Center Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of TechnologyJiaxing 314011China

The hysteresis of magnetoresistance observed in superconductors is of great interest due to its potential connectionwith unconventional *** this study,we perform electrical transport measurements on kagome superconductorCsV_(3)Sb_(5)nanoflakes and uncover unusual hysteretic behavior of magnetoresistance in the superconducting *** hysteresis can be induced by applying either a large DC or AC current at temperatures(T)well below the superconductingtransition temperature(T_(c)).As T approaches T_(c),similar weak hysteresis is also detected by applying a *** scenarios are discussed,with particular focus on the effects of vortex pinning and the presence of timereversal-symmtery-breaking superconducting *** findings support the latter,hinting at chiral superconductivityin kagome superconductors.

关键词： hysteresis magnetoresistance kagome superconductor chiral superconductor

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