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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Jiaxiu Wang Xinyu Liu Yingjuan Jia Tong Chen Jingru Huang Zheyuan Zhang College of Electronic and Information Engineering Southwest University Chongqing China Institute of Legal Psychology and Intelligent Computing Southwest University Chongqing China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Non-Linear Circuits and Intelligent Information Processing Southwest University Chongqing China

Stress is an integral state that affects physical and mental health of individuals. Tissue Oxygen Saturation (StO2) is an emerging physiological signal and can reflect different stress states. Previous studies have simply extracted features of StO2 from specific regions of the face without exploring potential associations between them. In this paper, we analyze the facial Region of Interest (ROI) based on StO2, so as to explore the deep relationship between ROIs. Building upon this, we construct, for the first time, a StO2-based facial graph structure for stress recognition by using ROIs as nodes. In addition, we propose a new graph pooling method called FTPool which allows to measure node significance in terms of both node characteristics and graph topology. Finally, we further propose a dual-stream network (GCNet) combining GNN and CNN for the baseline-independent stress recognition. The experimental results show that the proposed GCNet can achieve state-of-the-art (SOTA) results with an accuracy of 78.57% on the original unbalanced database.

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ReconBoost: boosting can achieve modality reconcilement 24

ReconBoost: boosting can achieve modality reconcilement

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Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning

作者： Cong Hua Qianqian Xu Shilong Bao Zhiyong Yang Qingming Huang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China and School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China and School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China and Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China and Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

This paper explores a novel multi-modal alternating learning paradigm pursuing a reconciliation between the exploitation of uni-modal features and the exploration of cross-modal interactions. This is motivated by the fact that current paradigms of multi-modal learning tend to explore multi-modal features simultaneously. The resulting gradient prohibits further exploitation of the features in the weak modality, leading to modality competition, where the dominant modality overpowers the learning process. To address this issue, we study the modality-alternating learning paradigm to achieve reconcilement. Specifically, we propose a new method called ReconBoost to update a fixed modality each time. Herein, the learning objective is dynamically adjusted with a reconcilement regularization against competition with the historical models. By choosing a KL-based reconcilement, we show that the proposed method resembles Friedman's Gradient-Boosting (GB) algorithm, where the updated learner can correct errors made by others and help enhance the overall performance. The major difference with the classic GB is that we only preserve the newest model for each modality to avoid overfitting caused by ensembling strong learners. Furthermore, we propose a memory consolidation scheme and a global rectification scheme to make this strategy more effective. Experiments over six multi-modal benchmarks speak to the efficacy of the method. We release the code at https://***/huacong/ReconBoost.

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Understanding the Robustness of 3D Object Detection with Bird'View Representations in Autonomous Driving

Understanding the Robustness of 3D Object Detection with Bir...

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2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2023

作者： Zhu, Zijian Zhang, Yichi Chen, Hai Dong, Yinpeng Zhao, Shu Ding, Wenbo Zhong, Jiachen Zheng, Shibao Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Institute for Ai Tsinghua University BNRist Center Thbi Lab Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Tech. China School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province China Saic Motor Ai Lab Zhongguancun Laboratory China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301298

3D object detection is an essential perception task in autonomous driving to understand the environments. The Bird's-Eye-View (BEV) representations have significantly improved the performance of 3D detectors with camera inputs on popular benchmarks. However, there still lacks a systematic understanding of the robustness of these vision-dependent BEV models, which is closely related to the safety of autonomous driving systems. In this paper, we evaluate the natural and adversarial robustness of various representative models under extensive settings, to fully understand their behaviors influenced by explicit BEV features compared with those without BEV. In addition to the classic settings, we propose a 3D consistent patch attack by applying adversarial patches in the 3D space to guarantee the spatiotemporal consistency, which is more realistic for the scenario of autonomous driving. With substantial experiments, we draw several findings: 1) BEV models tend to be more stable than previous methods under different natural conditions and common corruptions due to the expressive spatial representations;2) BEV models are more vulnerable to adversarial noises, mainly caused by the redundant BEV features;3) Camera-LiDARfusion models have superior performance under different settings with multi-modal inputs, but BEV fusion model is still vulnerable to adversarial noises of both point cloud and image. These findings alert the safety issue in the applications of BEV detectors and could facilitate the development of more robust models. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Autonomous driving

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ExpTopo: Explicit Topological Modeling for Bronchus Segmentation

ExpTopo: Explicit Topological Modeling for Bronchus Segmenta...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Mingyue Zhao Xiaolan Qiu S.Kevin Zhou Division of Life Sciences and Medicine School of Biomedical Engineering University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) China Center for Medical Imaging Robotics Analytic Computing & Learning (MIRACLE) Suzhou Institute for Advance Research USTC China Suzhou Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging Processing and Application Technology Suzhou Aerospace Information Research Institute China Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Institute of Computing Technology China

ISBN: (数字)9798331520526

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520533

Airway extraction is paramount in the early diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases. As a tree-like structure, both topological-aware learning and voxel-wise classification are equally crucial for the airway. However, existing methods demonstrate insufficient topological learning, emphasizing only the supervision of individual key topological points. Consequently, this paper proposes a Explicit Topological Modeling (ExpTopo) approach to aid airway segmentation. It explicitly introduces topological metric space learning based on semantic segmentation, enhancing the model's structural perception by implementing global skeleton-level sparse topological learning (STL) and local voxel-level dense topological perception (DTP). Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm achieves competitive performance at both the topological and voxel levels. Code will be available in https://***/MorineZ/ExpTopo.

关键词： Codes Atmospheric modeling Semantic segmentation Pulmonary diseases Biological system modeling Extraterrestrial measurements Biomedical imaging

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Two Physics-Based Schwarz Preconditioners for Three-Temperature Radiation Diffusion Equations in High Dimensions

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第8期32卷 829-849页

作者： Xiaoqiang Yue Jianmeng He Xiaowen Xu Shi Shu Libo Wang National Center for Applied Mathematics in Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing&Information Processing of Ministry of EducationHunan Key Laboratory for Computation and Simulation in Science and EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105P.R.China Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and ComputationalMathematicsBeijing 100094P.R.China College of Information Science and Technology JinanUniversityGuangzhou 510632P.R.China

We concentrate on the parallel,fully coupled and fully implicit solution of the sequence of 3-by-3 block-structured linear systems arising from the symmetrypreserving finite volume element discretization of the unsteady three-temperature radiation diffusion equations in high *** this article,motivated by[***,***,***,SIAM *** ***.33(2012)653–680]and[***,***,***,***.442(2021)110513],we aim to develop the additive and multiplicative Schwarz preconditioners subdividing the physical quantities rather than the underlying domain,and consider their sequential and parallel implementations using a simplified explicit decoupling factor approximation and algebraic multigrid subsolves to address such linear ***,computational efficiencies and parallel scalabilities of the proposed approaches are numerically tested in a number of representative real-world capsule implosion benchmarks.

关键词： Radiation diffusion equations Schwarz methods algebraic multigrid parallel and distributed computing

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Non-monotonic latent alignments for CTC-based non-autoregressive machine translation 22

Non-monotonic latent alignments for CTC-based non-autoregres...

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Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Neural information processing Systems

作者： Chenze Shao Yang Feng Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

ISBN: (纸本)9781713871088

Non-autoregressive translation (NAT) models are typically trained with the cross-entropy loss, which forces the model outputs to be aligned verbatim with the target sentence and will highly penalize small shifts in word positions. Latent alignment models relax the explicit alignment by marginalizing out all monotonic latent alignments with the CTC loss. However, they cannot handle non-monotonic alignments, which is non-negligible as there is typically global word reordering in machine translation. In this work, we explore non-monotonic latent alignments for NAT. We extend the alignment space to non-monotonic alignments to allow for the global word reordering and further consider all alignments that overlap with the target sentence. We non-monotonically match the alignments to the target sentence and train the latent alignment model to maximize the F1 score of nonmonotonic matching. Extensive experiments on major WMT benchmarks show that our method substantially improves the translation performance of CTC-based models. Our best model achieves 30.06 BLEU on WMT14 En-De with only one-iteration decoding, closing the gap between non-autoregressive and autoregressive models.

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A Local Regression-Based SLA-Aware Energy-Efficient Virtual Machine Consolidation Algorithm in Data Centers

A Local Regression-Based SLA-Aware Energy-Efficient Virtual ...

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International Conference on Big Data computing and Communications (BIGCOM)

作者： Xiaodong Wu Ronghai Wang Guoxin Lin School of Mathmatics and Computer Science Quanzhou Normal University Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Data-Intensive Computing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing Fujian Province University Fujian Provincial Big Data Research Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing Quanzhou China

Virtual Machine Consolidation (VMC) is an effective means to improve the resource utilization and reduce energy consumption of data centers. However, the VMC optimization that only considers energy consumption may lead to SLA (Service-Level Agreements) violations and thus fail to guarantee the QoS (Quality of Service) provided. Therefore, it is necessary to consider both energy saving and SLA violations in the process of VMC. In this paper, we propose an energy and SLA-aware VMC algorithm that considers both energy saving and SLA violation optimization in data centers. The proposed algorithm uses the local regression method to predict the utilization of virtual machines, based on which it determines whether the host will be overloaded, so as to make the decision of virtual machine migrations. The proposed VMC algorithm is evaluated with CloudSim toolkit. Simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm has good energy saving performance and can effectively reduce SLA violation in cloud data center. Considering energy consumption and SLA violation, the ESV can be reduced by 7.57% on average and 16.36% at most compared with other algorithms.

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NAS-HR:Neural architecture search for heart rate estimation from face videos

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Virtual Reality & intelligent Hardware 2021年第1期3卷 33-42页

作者： Hao LU Hu HAN School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Institute of Computing TechnologyBeijing 100080China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518000China

Background In anticipation of its great potential application to natural human-computer interaction and health monitoring,heart-rate(HR)estimation based on remote photoplethysmography has recently attracted increasing research *** the recent deep-learning-based HR estimation methods have achieved promising performance,their computational costs remain high,particularly in mobile-computing *** We propose a neural architecture search approach for HR estimation to automatically search a lightweight network that can achieve even higher accuracy than a complex network while reducing the computational ***,we define the regions of interests based on face landmarks and then extract the raw temporal pulse signals from the R,G,and B channels in each ***,pulse-related signals are extracted using a plane-orthogonal-to-skin algorithm,which are combined with the R and G channel signals to create a spatial-temporal ***,a differentiable architecture search approach is used for the network-structure *** Compared with the state-of-the-art methods on the public-domain VIPL-HR and PURE databases,our method achieves better HR estimation performance in terms of several evaluation metrics while requiring a much lower computational cost1.

关键词： Heart-rate estimation Plane-orthogonal-to-skin STMap Differentiable architecture search

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Improving Molecular Graph Generation with Flow Matching and Optimal Transport

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Hou, Xiaoyang Zhu, Tian Ren, Milong Bu, Dongbo Gao, Xin Zhang, Chunming Sun, Shiwei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Central China Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence Technologies China Western Institute of Computing Technology Phil Rivers Technology King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Saudi Arabia

Generating molecular graphs is crucial in drug design and discovery but remains challenging due to the complex interdependencies between nodes and edges. While diffusion models have demonstrated their potentiality in molecular graph design, they often suffer from unstable training and inefficient sampling. To enhance generation performance and training stability, we propose GGFlow, a discrete flow matching generative model incorporating optimal transport for molecular graphs and it incorporates an edge-augmented graph transformer to enable the direct communications among chemical bounds. Additionally, GGFlow introduces a novel goal-guided generation framework to control the generative trajectory of our model, aiming to design novel molecular structures with the desired properties. GGFlow demonstrates superior performance on both unconditional and conditional molecule generation tasks, outperforming existing baselines and underscoring its effectiveness and potential for wider application. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Molecular docking

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Redundant Data Detection and Deletion to Meet Privacy Protection Requirements in Blockchain-Based Edge computing Environment

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China Communications 2024年第3期21卷 149-159页

作者： Zhang Lejun Peng Minghui Su Shen Wang Weizheng Jin Zilong Su Yansen Chen Huiling Guo Ran Sergey Gataullin Cyberspace Institute Advanced Technology Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China College of Information Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225127China School Math&Computer Science Quanzhou Normal UniversityQuanzhou 362000China Computer Science Department City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 21004China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China Guangzhou University Library Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Central Economic and Mathematics Institute Russian Academy of Sciences MIREA-Russian Technological University Moscow RegionRussia

With the rapid development of information technology,IoT devices play a huge role in physiological health data *** exponential growth of medical data requires us to reasonably allocate storage space for cloud servers and edge *** storage capacity of edge nodes close to users is *** should store hotspot data in edge nodes as much as possible,so as to ensure response timeliness and access hit rate;However,the current scheme cannot guarantee that every sub-message in a complete data stored by the edge node meets the requirements of hot data;How to complete the detection and deletion of redundant data in edge nodes under the premise of protecting user privacy and data dynamic integrity has become a challenging *** paper proposes a redundant data detection method that meets the privacy protection *** scanning the cipher text,it is determined whether each sub-message of the data in the edge node meets the requirements of the hot *** has the same effect as zero-knowledge proof,and it will not reveal the privacy of *** addition,for redundant sub-data that does not meet the requirements of hot data,our paper proposes a redundant data deletion scheme that meets the dynamic integrity of the *** use Content Extraction Signature(CES)to generate the remaining hot data signature after the redundant data is *** feasibility of the scheme is proved through safety analysis and efficiency analysis.

关键词： blockchain data integrity edge computing privacy protection redundant data

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