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25th International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas, WSA 2021

作者： Bailon, Daniel Nicolas Freudenberger, Jürgen Kühn, Volker Institute for System Dynamics HTWG Konstanz University of Applied Sciences Germany Institute of Communications Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783800756889

The encoding of antenna patterns with generalized spatial modulation as well as other index modulation techniques require w-out-of-n encoding where all binary vectors of length n have the same weight w. This constant-weight property cannot be obtained by conventional linear coding schemes. In this work, we propose a new class of constant-weight codes that result from the concatenation of convolutional codes with constant-weight block codes. These constant-weight convolutional codes are nonlinear binary trellis codes that can be decoded with the Viterbi algorithm. Some constructed constant-weight convolutional codes are optimum free distance codes. Simulation results demonstrate that the decoding performance with Viterbi decoding is close to the performance of the best-known linear codes. Similarly, simulation results for spatial modulation with a simple on-off keying show a significant coding gain with the proposed coded index modulation scheme. © VDE VERLAG GMBH ∙ Berlin ∙ Offenbach

关键词： Convolution

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Comparison of Ultra-Wideband Range Processing and Filtering for Indoor Localization 3

Comparison of Ultra-Wideband Range Processing and Filtering ...

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3rd IEEE Conference on Industrial Cyberphysical Systems, ICPS 2020

作者： Holzke, Fabian Ghojal, Mohammad Danielis, Peter Timmermann, Dirk Golatowski, Frank University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Ce Rostock Germany University of Rostock Department of Computer Science Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728163895

The ability to locate assets and humans will lead to many services such as location based services especially in the material handling domain. The development of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) necessitates precise positioning, especially for moving objects in industrial environment. This way, automation processes with less human errors, and more safe environments are feasible. In order to achieve a wide reaching penetration of new control and tracking schemes in the Material Handling Domain (MHD), localization of assets needs to be realized in a cost efficient way with sufficient quality of positioning. The cost and quality of localization need to be weighted against each other and depend on the use case. We investigate variations of a indoor localization system, this is done through acquiring raw measurements from an Ultra Wide-Band (UWB) ranging system and comparing various processing approaches to achieve accurate positioning. We then compare the computational cost and quality of positioning of these approaches. Three multilateration algorithms are compared: gradient descent, least square, and recursive least square. Additionally, we investigate the impact of anchor node placement and additional filtering through a Kalman filter. We show that the maximum positioning error is mitigated by up to 30 % and the mean error by up to 4 % when using additional Kalman filtering of multilateration position estimates at comparably low additional computation cost. Our results suggest there are significant differences of localization quality and computational cost between the examined multilateration methods with no clear correlation of computational cost and positioning quality. We also show that the positioning quality and filtering improvement strongly depends on the UWB anchor height. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Location based services

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An OPC UA-based Crane Model Using Time-Sensitive Networking Technology 3

An OPC UA-based Crane Model Using Time-Sensitive Networking ...

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3rd IEEE Conference on Industrial Cyberphysical Systems, ICPS 2020

作者： Golatowski, Frank Raddatz, Hannes Holzke, Fabian Janchivnyambuu, Enkhtuvshin Danielis, Peter Timmermann, Dirk University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Ce Rostock Germany University of Rostock Department of Computer Science Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728163895

Current control processes in the material handling domain are generally not automated but require manual human intervention. However, the ongoing development towards the Industry 4.0 involves new models and concepts and hence more and more automated control functions will become necessary. That is, devices such as cranes in the material handling domain will become smarter and will also be networked to a larger extent. However, it will be required that control messages passed to the cranes through a network, possibly shared with other traffic, are guaranteed to arrive in time. In this paper, we present an OPC UA-based model of an overhead travelling crane as part of a material handling scenario. The crane can be controlled by a crane remote controller, which we model as well. We use time-sensitive networking technology to ensure deterministic communication between the crane remote controller and the crane. To demonstrate the crane movement, we illustrate it in a simulation before we prove the deterministic communication in a real testbed. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Cranes

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Evaluation and Extension of OPC UA Publish/Subscribe MQTT Binding 3

Evaluation and Extension of OPC UA Publish/Subscribe MQTT Bi...

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3rd IEEE Conference on Industrial Cyberphysical Systems, ICPS 2020

作者： Raddatz, Hannes Mahmoud, Eman Holzke, Fabian Danielis, Peter Timmermann, Dirk Golatowski, Frank Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Ce Spain University of Rostock Department of Computer Science Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728163895

Currently, Open Platform Communication Unified Architecture (OPC UA) is nominated as a reference standard to meet all Industry 4.0 demands with one protocol, enabling an efficient communication between devices in industrial systems. Recently, OPC UA has been extended by a publish/subscribe pattern to support multicast communication since there is a need for an efficient data aggregation and distribution to cope with the increasing number of controllers, sensors, and measured values in industries. Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) is the most widely used publish/subscribe communication protocol and is based on a central broker for message exchange. In this paper, the communication latency of OPC UA end devices exchanging data over MQTT as a broker-based middleware is investigated and compared to the client/server-based communication. In particular, we analyze the use case of one-to-many communication for a crane model from the material handling domain. We provide a prototype implementation of the OPC UA MQTT extension and our evaluation results show the reduced traffic overhead and communication latency compared to client/server-based communication. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Industry 4.0

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AI-based Object Detection for Assisting the Visually Impaired People 5

AI-based Object Detection for Assisting the Visually Impaire...

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5th International Conference on Mobile Computing and Sustainable Informatics, ICMCSI 2024

作者： Sameer, Syed Madan, Parul Kannan, Sathish Upadhye, Vijay Jagdish Patil, Harshal Rajkumar, S. Campus Department of Science and Technology Karnataka Bengaluru560012 India Graphic Era Deemed to be University Department of Computer Science & Engineering Uttarakhand Dehradun248002 India Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Department of VLSI Microelectronics Saveetha School of Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai602105 India Parul Institute of Applied Sciences Parul University Research and Development Cell Department of Microbiology Gujarat Waghodia India Symbiosis Institute of Technology Maharashtra Pune412 115 India Hawassa University Faculty of Manufacturing Institute of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Ethiopia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395235

In recent decades, vision problems have become more common. One significant barrier is that people who are visually impaired generally require assistance performing their daily tasks. As a result, developing a technological solution to this challenge is critical. Implementing an automatic object identification system can enable visually impaired people to roam independently. The study employs two Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, a Region-based Fully Convolutional Network (RFCN) and a Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Mask RCNN), to detect objects and assess their performance. The evaluation demonstrates RFCN's outstanding performance with an impressive Mean Average Precision (mAP) score of 0.825. The Raspberry Pi processor is used as a vital component in the process of hardware development. The RFCN model is integrated into the processor to aid in the identification of objects collected by the system's picamera. The detected objects are communicated to users via auditory feedback. The hardware system also includes an ultrasonic sensor, which provides distance information for the detected objects. This full hardware solution is specifically developed to help visually impaired people overcome mobility issues in both indoor and outdoor settings. The suggested system seeks to improve the autonomy and safety of visually impaired individuals in their day-to-day activities by seamlessly mixing advanced technologies such as AI and embedded systems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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The Impact of Hot Carrier Injection-Induced Device Degradation for Lower-Power FinFETs

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Journal of Electronic Materials 2023年第2期52卷 1391-1399页

作者： Chen, Yu-Lin Yeh, Wen-Kuan Hsu, Heng-Tung Chen, Ke-Horng Lien, Der-Hsien Lin, Wen-Chin Yu, Tien-Han Chiu, Yu-Sheng Godwinraj, D. Godfrey, D. Wu, Chien-Hung International College of Semiconductor Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Graduate Degree Program of College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Electronics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Microelectronics National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Department of ECE Amal Jyothi College of Engineering Kerala Kottayam India Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Engineering Chung Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Dayananda Sagar University Bengaluru India National Applied Research Laboratories Hsinchu Taiwan

The impact of hot carrier injection (HCI) on the performance of standard and low-VT FinFETs are investigated and benchmarked with each other. For this investigation, these FinFETs were fabricated with various gate lengths (L) from 16 to 36 nm. HCI-induced transconductance degradation in standard devices for gate length variations of 36 nm down to 16 nm was 75%, while it was 35% for low-VT devices. Similarly, the degradation of threshold voltage in standard devices for gate length variations of 36 nm down to 16 nm was 39%, while it was 36% for low-VT device. In this work, as the device is subject to HCI, we found that: (1) short-channel devices cause severe degradation on the threshold voltage and transconductance (gm) compared to long-channel devices, owing to the higher electric field for short-channel devices at the gate edge, (2) standard devices exhibit a more stable threshold voltage than that of low-VT power devices, since the TiN barrier layer prevents Al atom diffusion into the HfO2 layer, and (3) the transconductance efficiency of standard devices is better than that of low-VT power devices. Further, the lower-VT devices show lower transconductance degradation than standard devices. However, the transconductance degradation of the long-channel standard and low-VT devices are the same. Compared to short-channel low-VT devices, extended-channel standard devices are more immune to the HCI effect. © 2022, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.

关键词： Threshold voltage

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Computational Model Based on CNN to Identify Masses from Liver Images 2

Computational Model Based on CNN to Identify Masses from Liv...

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2nd International Conference on Intelligent Data Communication Technologies and Internet of Things, IDCIoT 2024

作者： Jyothirmai, Ch. N. V. Hemalakshmi, G.R. Prakash, N.B. Upadhye, Vijay Jagdish Patil, Harshal Taqui, Syed Noeman Potti Sreeramulu Chalavadhi Mallikarjuna Rao College of Engineering and Technology Department of CSE Andhra Pradesh 521 225 India School of Computing Science and Engineering VIT Bhopal University Madhya Pradesh 466114 India National Engineering College Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Kovilpatti 628503 India Parul Institute of Applied Sciences Parul University Research and Development Cell Department of Microbiology Gujarat 391760 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Maharashtra 412 115 India Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Department of VLSI Microelectronics Saveetha School of Engineering Chennai602105 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350327533

Therefore, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are capable of predicting or extrapolating from identified patterns to unknown data, enabling the analysis and extraction of knowledge from large images, in order to produce consistent outputs for inputs not previously presented. On the downside, the training process takes a long time as it is computationally expensive. Aiming to reduce the computational time to perform the training of the neural network (NN), and the analysis of images during the testing process, as well as taking advantage of the natural distributed characteristic of ANN, it was decided to transfer the processing-intensive parts of the tool from CPU (Central Processing Unit) to a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). Finally, simulator tests were carried out, with consequent verification of the effectiveness of diagnoses on ultrasound images of the liver. The accuracy and total processing time for carrying out the analyses proposed during this research were then evaluated, making a comparison between the network training and testing times obtained on the CPU and GPU. It can also be seen-in both Tr&Tt cases-that GPU had a higher gain than CPU (about 10.6 times faster), even when dealing with a small database, with 120 images of 202500 pixels each. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Central Processing Unit Convolutional Neural Networks Graphics Processing Unit Masses Ultrasound liver images

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A model-driven approach for conducting simulation experiments

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2021年

作者： Wilsdorf, Pia Heller, Jakob Budde, Kai Zimmermann, Julius Warnke, Tom Haubelt, Christian Timmermann, Dirk van Rienen, Ursula Uhrmacher, Adelinde M. Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing University of Rostock 18051 Germany Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock 18051 Germany Institute of General Electrical Engineering University of Rostock 18051 Germany

With the increasing complexity of simulation studies, and thus increasing complexity of simulation experiments, there is a high demand for better support for their conduction. Recently, model-driven approaches have been explored for facilitating the specification, execution, and reproducibility of simulation experiments. However, a more general approach that is suited for a variety of modeling and simulation areas, experiment types, and tools, which also allows for further automation, is still missing. Therefore, we present a novel model-driven engineering (MDE) framework for simulation studies that extends the state-of-the-art by means for knowledge sharing across domains, increased productivity and quality of complex simulation experiments, as well as reusability and automation. We demonstrate the practicality of our approach using case studies from three different fields of simulation (stochastic discrete-event simulation of a cell signaling pathway, virtual prototyping of a neurostimulator, and finite element analysis of electric fields), and various experiment types (global sensitivity analysis, time course analysis, and convergence testing). The proposed framework can be the starting point for further automation of simulation experiments, and therefore can assist in conducting simulation studies in a more systematic and effective manner. For example, based on this MDE framework, approaches for automatically selecting and parametrizing experimentation methods, or for planning following activities depending on the context of the simulation study, could be developed. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Formal specification

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Inorganic nanoparticles for photothermal treatment of cancer

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Journal of Materials Chemistry B 2024年第15期12卷 3569-3593页

作者： Thirumurugan, Senthilkumar Ramanathan, Susaritha Muthiah, Kayalvizhi Samuvel Lin, Yu-Chien Hsiao, Michael Dhawan, Udesh Wang, An-Ni Liu, Wai-Ching Liu, Xinke Liao, Mei-Yi Chung, Ren-Jei No. 1 Sec. 3 Zhongxiao E. Rd Taipei10608 Taiwan School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore639798 Singapore Genomics Research Center Academia Sinica Taipei115 Taiwan Department and Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine School of Veterinary Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment Division of Biomedical Engineering James Watt School of Engineering Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre University of Glasgow GlasgowG116EW United Kingdom Scrona AG Grubenstrasse 9 Zürich8045 Switzerland Faculty of Science and Technology Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong999077 Hong Kong College of Materials Science and Engineering Chinese Engineering and Research Institute of Microelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore Department of Applied Chemistry National Pingtung University Pingtung90003 Taiwan Taipei106 Taiwan

In recent years, inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted increasing attention as potential theranostic agents in the field of oncology. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a minimally invasive technique that uses nanoparticles to produce heat from light to kill cancer cells. PTT requires two essential elements: a photothermal agent (PTA) and near-infrared (NIR) radiation. The role of PTAs is to absorb NIR, which subsequently triggers hyperthermia within cancer cells. By raising the temperature in the tumor microenvironment (TME), PTT causes damage to the cancer cells. Nanoparticles (NPs) are instrumental in PTT given that they facilitate the passive and active targeting of the PTA to the TME, making them crucial for the effectiveness of the treatment. In addition, specific targeting can be achieved through their enhanced permeation and retention effect. Thus, owing to their significant advantages, such as altering the morphology and surface characteristics of nanocarriers comprised of PTA, NPs have been exploited to facilitate tumor regression significantly. This review highlights the properties of PTAs, the mechanism of PTT, and the results obtained from the improved curative efficacy of PTT by utilizing NPs platforms. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry

关键词： Cancer cells

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Service-Oriented Medical Device Connectivity: Particular Interoperability Standards for High Frequency Surgical Equipment and External Control Devices

Service-Oriented Medical Device Connectivity: Particular Int...

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作者： Kasparick, Martin Köny, Marcus Andersen, Björn Riech, Kathrin Keller, Anton Kämmer, Sven Guth, Andreas Mündermann, Lars Stickel, Axel Klöckner, Stephan Golatowski, Frank Timmermann, Dirk Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany Steute Technologies GmbH and Co. KG Löhne Germany Drägerwerk AG and Co. KGaA Lübeck Germany Institute of Medical Informatics University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany Aesculap AG Tuttlingen Germany BOWA-electronic GmbH and Co. KG Gomaringen Germany Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH Tübingen Germany Karl Storz SE and Co. KG Tuttlingen Germany Olympus Winter and Ibe GmbH Hamburg Germany Institute of Applied Microelectronics and CE University of Rostock Germany

Manufacturer-independent medical device interoperability has been strongly demanded by the clinicians and healthcare delivery organizations (HDOs), however has not been achieved in practice for decades. The ISO/IEEE 11073 Service-oriented Device Connectivity (SDC) family of standards constitutes a paradigm shift. This work supplements SDC with Device Specializations (DevSpecs) or Modular Specifications (ModSpecs): particular interoperability standards for high frequency (HF) surgical equipment and external control devices, such as foot or finger switches. They provide models to describe these devices in a service-oriented medical device system and modes of interaction with other network participants. Additionally, we contribute to the ISO/IEEE 11073-10101 nomenclature standard to provide semantic descriptions of the exchanged information. This is a key enabler for safe and effective medical device interoperability to support the caregivers and improve patient safety as well as clinical outcome. © 2021 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Interoperability

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