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Minimizing cost of scalable distributed least squares localization

Minimizing cost of scalable distributed least squares locali...

引用

3rd International Conference on New Technologies, Mobility and Security, NTMS 2009

作者： Behnke, Ralf Salzmann, Jakob Timmermann, Dirk Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock 18057 Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424462735

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been of high interest during the past couple of years. One of the most important aspects of WSN research is location estimation. As a good solution of fine grained localization Reichenbach et al. introduced the Distributed Least Squares (DLS) algorithm, which splits the costly localization process in a complex precalculation and a simple postcalculation which is performed on constrained sensor nodes to finalize the localization by adding locale knowledge. This approach lacks for large WSNs, because cost of communication and computation theoretically increases with the network size. In practice the approach is even unusable for large WSNs. An important assumption of DLS is that each blind node is able to communicate with each beacon node to receive the precalculation and to determine distances to beacon nodes. This restriction have been overcome by scalable DLS (sDLS), which enabled to use the idea of DLS in large WSNs for the first time. In this work we present an adaptation of sDLS, that reduces the cost of update operations which are an integral part of sDLS. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Costs

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sDLSnd - Scalable distributed least squares localization with reduced complexity

sDLSnd - Scalable distributed least squares localization wit...

引用

3rd International Conference on New Technologies, Mobility and Security, NTMS 2009

作者： Behnke, Ralf Salzmann, Jakob Timmermann, Dirk Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock 18057 Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424462735

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been of high interest during the past couple of years. One of the most important aspects of WSN research is location estimation. As a good solution of fine grained localization Reichenbach et al. introduced the Distributed Least Squares (DLS) algorithm, which splits the costly localization process in a complex precalculation and a simple postcalculation which is performed on constrained sensor nodes to finalize the localization by adding locale knowledge. This approach lacks for large WSNs, because cost of communication and computation theoretically increases with the network size. In practice the approach is even unusable for large WSNs. An important assumption of DLS is that each blind node is able to communicate with each beacon node to receive the precalculation and to determine distances to beacon nodes. This restriction have been overcome by scalable DLS (sDLS), which enabled to use the idea of DLS in large WSNs for the first time. In this work an adaptation of sDLS is presented, dramatically reducing cost of update operations, which are an integral part of sDLS. In addition, localization accuracy becomes improved. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Complex networks

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sDLS - Distributed least squares localization for large wireless sensor networks

sDLS - Distributed least squares localization for large wire...

引用

2009 International Conference on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Workshops

作者： Behnke, Ralf Salzmann, Jakob Lieckfeldt, Dominik Timmermann, Dirk Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock 18057 Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424439416

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been of high interest during the past couple of years. One of the most important aspect of WSN research is location estimation. As a good solution of fine grained localization Reichenbach et al. introduced the Distributed Least Squares (DLS) algorithm, which splits the costly localization process in a complex precalculation and a simple postcalculation which is performed on constrained sensor nodes to finalize the localization by adding locale knowledge. This allows to perform an originally complex calculation with high precision on constrained nodes. Besides this advantage, DLS lacks in two harmful constraints concerning practical appliance. On the one hand the algorithm does not scale, i.e. calculation and communication increases with the number of beacon nodes or with network size, respectively. On the other hand DLS even does not work for large networks. An important assumption of DLS is that each blind node can communicate with each beacon node to receive the precalculation and to determine distances to beacon nodes. In this work we present an adaptation of DLS, concerning major changes, which enables DLS to be used in large WSNs for the first time. At the same time computational and communicational cost of each node becomes independent from network size, while precision is kept on the same high level. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Complex networks

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Free-CLASH - Improved localization-free clustering in large wireless sensor networks

Free-CLASH - Improved localization-free clustering in large ...

引用

2009 International Conference on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Workshops

作者： Salzmann, Jakob Behnke, Ralf You, Jiaxi Timmermann, Dirk University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering 18051 Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424439416

This paper investigates topology management of large wireless sensor networks. Due to their random deployment, nodes have to organize themselves as energy efficient as possible to avoid redundant sensing and transceiving tasks while maintaining complete sensor coverage and connectivity as long as possible. In this work, we present a clustering algorithm for redundancy detection. With few local rules, nodes are able to cluster themselves autonomously without location information. As an enhancement to its predecessors, we propose additional local rules to provide regular cluster structure without routing holes. Inside each regular cluster, nodes' roles are completely exchangeable and only one node per cluster is active. Simulation results of stochastic deployment are used to demonstrate the performance of our algorithm, in terms of coverage abilities, lifetime and regularity. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Clustering algorithms

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SBCL - Improved centroid estimation

SBCL - Improved centroid estimation

引用

2009 International Conference on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Workshops

作者： Behnke, Ralf Salzmann, Jakob Timmermann, Dirk Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock 18057 Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424439416

Localization of sensor nodes is one of the key issues in Wireless Sensor Networks. It is a precondition for a variety of applications, as well as geographic clustering and routing. A simple approach for coarse grained localization is Centroid Localization (CL) which was firstly presented by Bulusu et al. and assumed regularly arranged beacons. Unfortunately, CL has a biased error whenever exactly three beacons are in range or the beacons are situated at the edges of the sensor field. In this work, we investigate the bias and its impacts on localization error. With our shape-based CL algorithms, we present possibilities to reduce this error and improve the localization accuracy of CL. However, since our new approaches introduce more complexity to CL, an analysis of the complexity of the algorithms is presented. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Errors

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4-MASCLE - Improved coverage aware clustering with self healing abilities

4-MASCLE - Improved coverage aware clustering with self heal...

引用

Symposia and Workshops on Ubiquitous, Autonomic and Trusted Computing in Conjunction with the UIC'09 and ATC'09 Conferences, UIC-ATC 2009

作者： Salzmann, Jakob Behnke, Ralf Gag, Martin Timmermann, Dirk University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering 18051 Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780769537375

In large wireless sensor networks, randomly deployed nodes have to organize themselves as energy efficient as possible to avoid redundant sensor and transceiver operations. In addition to its energy awareness, the network has to guarantee complete functionality as long as possible. This paper presents an enhanced version of the clustering algorithm 2-MASCLE. The proposed 4-MASCLE algorithm combines advantages of temporal and spatial network fragmentation by introducing a network division in a four phase based cell system. The assisting ability of adjacent cells is exploited to apply self healing features to the network. We compare our developed algorithm to the basic algorithms and achieve a significant improve of network lifetime. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Clustering algorithms

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Assessing the energy efficiency of localization in wireless sensor networks

Assessing the energy efficiency of localization in wireless ...

引用

2009 6th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, CCNC 2009

作者： Lieckfeldt, Dominik You, Jiaxi Behnke, Ralf Salzmann, Jakob Timmermann, Dirk Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Germany 18119 Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424423095

We propose a measure to characterize the energy efficiency of algorithms for localization in wireless networks. The measure presented differs from previous approaches in that it is bounded and supports objective comparison. Furthermore, it corresponds to the general understanding that a high value should indicate high efficiency. Simulation results for localization using Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), for Least Squares Estimation (LS) and for Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) are briefly discussed. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Exploiting malicious node detection for lifetime extension of sensor networks

Exploiting malicious node detection for lifetime extension o...

引用

2009 6th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, CCNC 2009

作者： Behnke, R. Salzmann, J. Lieckfeldt, D. Thurow, K. Golatowski, F. Timmermann, D. University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Germany Center for Life Science Automation CELISCA Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424423095

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have attracted considerable research effort in the community during the past couple of years. One of the most challenging issues so far is the extension of network lifetime with regards to small battery capacity and self-sustained operation. Endeavors to save energy have been made on various frontiers, ranging from hardware improvements over medium access and routing protocols to network clustering and role changing strategies. In addition some authors studied failures in communication regarded as error detection. Yet, only weak attention has been paid to the detection of malicious nodes and its potential for lifetime extension. In this work, we present a short overview of detection and classification of malicious nodes in WSN and describe its potential in terms of network lifetime and reliability. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Sensor nodes

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Web services to improve interoperability of home healthcare devices

Web services to improve interoperability of home healthcare ...

引用

2009 3rd International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare - Pervasive Health 2009, PCTHealth 2009

作者： Moritz, Guido Zeeb, Elmar Golatowski, Frank Timmermann, Dirk Stoll, Regina Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock 18055 Rostock Germany Center for Life Science and Automation 18119 Rostock Germany Instituteof Preventive Medicine University of Rostock 18055 Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789639799424

Home healthcare can be divided into monitoring and assistance scenarios. In both scenarios, miscellaneous devices are applied for dedicated sensor or actuator functionalities. The requirements and assumptions for the different nodes split the devices in three different classes with particular characteristics concerning energy consumption, power supply, memory, computing power, and bandwidth. Nevertheless, the number of nodes and complexity of setups require new concepts like Service-oriented Architectures to solve arising problems. In this paper, the Devices Profile for Web Services is suggested as comprehensive middleware for all three device classes. Hence, Web services technologies, which are already applied in the internet and in automation industry, can avoid interoperability problems of sensors and actors in the domain of home healthcare also.

关键词： Interoperability

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Characterizing the energy efficiency of localization algorithms in wireless sensor networks 09

Characterizing the energy efficiency of localization algorit...

引用

2009 ACM International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, IWCMC 2009

作者： Lieckfeldt, Dominik You, Jiaxi Salzmann, Jakob Behnke, Ralf Timmermann, Dirk Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Richard-Wagner-Str. 31 18119 Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781605585697

We propose a metric to characterize the energy efficiency of range-based localization algorithms in wireless sensor networks. The metric proposed differs from previous approaches in that it is bounded and supports objective comparison of localization algorithms using simulations. The goal of the current work is to show that our metric achieves expected results for well-known localization algorithms and, therefore, can be used to characterize and compare the energy efficiency. Simulation results for energy efficiency show that maximizing the local likelihood yields highest energy efficiency whereas the linear least squares approach and the multidimensional scaling method exhibit a strong susceptibility when ranging errors are large. Copyright © 2009 ACM.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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