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Edge AI-Based Dynamic Treatment Strategy Generation Model for Consumer Healthcare Technology

IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2024年

作者： Byeon, Haewon Alsaadi, Mahmood Quraishi, Aadam Shabaz, Mohammad Ahanger, Tariq Ahamed Keshta, Ismail Saidova, Feruza Soni, Mukesh Karumuri, Srinivasa Rao Inje University Department of AI and Software Gimhae50834 Korea Republic of Al-Maarif University College Department of computer science Al Anbar31001 Iraq Intervention Treatment Institute M.D. Research HoustonTX United States Model Institute of Engineering and Technology J and K Jammu India CoBA Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Department of Management Information Systems Saudi Arabia AlMaarefa University College of Applied Sciences Computer Science and Information Systems Department Riyadh Saudi Arabia Tashkent State University of Economics Department of Foreign languages Tashkent Uzbekistan Lovely Professional University Division of Research and Development Phagwara India VLSI-Microelectronics Lab Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram Guntur522302 India

Edge AI-based reinforcement learning is less reliant on mathematical models and relies on experience to help with the design and optimization of Consumer Technology models, making it ideal for learning dynamic treatment techniques. However, the current research still has the following problems: 1. The optimality of the learned strategy is considered without taking risks into account, leading to strategies with certain risks. 2. The issue of distribution shift is ignored, resulting in learned strategies that are completely different from those of doctors. 3. The patient's historical observational data and treatments are ignored, making it difficult to accurately assess the patient's state, which in turn leads to the inability to learn the optimal strategy. Based on this, we propose the DOSAC-DTR dynamic treatment strategy model, which integrates Dead-ends and offline monitoring into the Actor-Critic framework. First, we consider the risk of treatment actions recommended by the learned strategy and incorporate the concept of Dead-ends into the Actor-Critic framework. Second, to mitigate the distribution shift problem, we integrate physician monitoring into the Actor-Critic framework. This approach achieves better performance, resulting in lower estimated mortality rates and higher Jaccard index scores. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Freeform Direct-write and Rewritable Photonic Integrated Circuits in Phase-Change Thin Films

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wu, Changming Deng, Haoqin Huang, Yi-Siou Yu, Heshan Takeuchi, Ichiro Ríos Ocampo, Carlos A. Li, Mo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States School of Microelectronics Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Physics University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States

Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) with rapid prototyping and reprogramming capabilities promise revolutionary impacts on a plethora of photonic technologies. Here, we report direct-write and rewritable photonic circuits on a low-loss phase change material (PCM) thin film. Complete end-to-end PICs are directly laser written in one step without additional fabrication processes, and any part of the circuit can be erased and rewritten, facilitating rapid design modification. We demonstrate the versatility of this technique for diverse applications, including an optical interconnect fabric for reconfigurable networking, a photonic crossbar array for optical computing, and a tunable optical filter for optical signal processing. By combining the programmability of the direct laser writing technique with PCM, our technique unlocks opportunities for programmable photonic networking, computing, and signal processing. Moreover, the rewritable photonic circuits enable rapid prototyping and testing in a convenient and cost-efficient manner, eliminate the need for nanofabrication facilities, and thus promote the proliferation of photonics research and education to a broader community. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Phase change materials

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An Improved Fuzzy Logic Based Alcohol Detection System to Preserve Road Safety using Smart Sensors Association

An Improved Fuzzy Logic Based Alcohol Detection System to Pr...

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Mobile Networks and Wireless Communications (ICMNWC), IEEE International Conference on

作者： V. R. Kavitha Annamalai Muthu B. Geetha V. Samuthira Pandi M Dinesh B. Anni Princy Department of Computer Science and Business Systems R.M.K. Engineering College Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Engineering University of Technology & Applied Science Nizwa Oman Department of Science & Humanities Prince Shri Venkateshwara PadmavathyEngineering College Chennai Tamil Nadu India Centre for Advanced Wireless Integrated Technology Chennai Institute of Technology Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of VLSI Microelectronics Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Computer and Communication Engineering Panimalar Engineering College Chennai Tamil Nadu India

The increased risk of being involved in a traffic collision is directly proportional to the rate at which the number of vehicles on the road is growing. The majority of people in the world believe that driving under the influence of alcohol is a significant factor in the number of people killed in car accidents. The fundamental purpose of this investigation is to develop a device that is able to determine the degree of drunkenness that is present in the driver of a motor vehicle. The purpose of the proposed system is to discourage users from getting behind the wheel while under the influence of alcohol or drugs in order to reduce the number of accidents that are caused by intoxicated drivers. As part of this investigation, we propose the Fuzzy Assisted Alcohol Detection Mechanism (FAADM), which is a logical fuzzy-based alcohol detection mechanism. It uses a Direct Current (DC) motor as the vehicle's engine and a push button as its ignition system. This mechanism detects the presence of alcohol using a fuzzy-logic approach. The efficiency of this system is always being evaluated to ensure that it performs as designed. If this system were put into place, there would be a reduction in the number of accidents on the roads of smart cities that were caused by drivers who were under the influence of alcohol. It is strongly suggested that this system be fitted and installed inside the vehicle. In the event of an unexpected emergency, the engine should be turned off and the alarm should be activated. If there has been no drinking or accidents, the security system can be disarmed and the vehicle's engine should be started. If alcohol is found, the car will be turned off and an alarm will ring. As the number of incidents caused by intoxicated drivers continues to rise, the implementation of a system that combines alcohol detection and vehicle immobilization has been proposed as a potential solution. Engineers have developed a gadget that can detect the amount of alcohol in a d

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Realizing room-temperature ferromagnetism in metal-free graphene through vacancy-assisted hydrogenation

Chain

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Chain 2025年第1期2卷 72-80页

作者： Yongjie Xu Dingyi Yang Yu Zhang Gongkai Yuan Yici Zou Zhibo Zhang Yong Wang Yizhang Wu School of Education Jiangsu Open UniversityNanjing 210036China National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructuresand Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for NanotechnologyNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory School of MicroelectronicsAcademy of Advanced Interdisciplinary ResearchXidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Department of Physics Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021China Department of Applied Physical Sciences The University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27514USA Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Georgetown UniversityWashingtonDC 20057USA Department of Computer science and Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Institute of Materials Engineering Nanjing UniversityNantong 226019China

Room-temperature ferromagnetism in graphene is a crucial step toward the practical application of spintronic *** hydrogen adsorption on graphene has been shown to induce magnetic moments,the overall efficiency remains low due to the clustering of hydrogen atoms and weak magnetic *** study demonstrates a highly effective vacancy-assisted hydrogenation method to synthesize hydrogenated graphene(HG)with robust room-temperature *** introduction of vacancies inhibits hydrogen clustering,increases magnetic edge atoms,and enhances the coupling between magnetic *** a result,HG exhibits a Curie temperature of 540 K and a saturation magnetization of 0.69 emu/g at 300 *** findings provide a new approach for the efficient hydrogenation of graphene,paving the way for its applications in spintronic devices.

关键词： graphene ferromagnetic hydrogenation vacancy-assisted room-temperature

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Acceleration of a CNN-based Heart Sound Segmenter: Implementation on Different Platforms Targeting a Wearable Device

Acceleration of a CNN-based Heart Sound Segmenter: Implement...

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Euromicro Symposium on Digital System Design

作者： Domenico Ragusa Antonio J. Rodriguez-Almeida Stephan Nolting Emanuele Torti Himar Fabelo Ingo Hoyer Alexander Utz Gustavo M. Callico Francesco Leporati Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia Pavia Italy Institute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA) University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Las Palmas de G.C. Spain Smart Sensor Systemes Fraunhofer IMS Duisburg Germany Fundacion Canaria Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Canarias Las Palmas de G.C. Spain

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are currently one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Being able to detect their symptoms at early stages, even the most hidden ones, is crucial to shorten the diagnosis time and facilitate an early treatment. Currently, the use of continuous tracking systems, mainly based on wearable devices that analyze data using artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, is being explored to automatically identify, in real time, CVDs symptoms. This could be especially relevant in lowincome countries where there is a shortage of specialized doctors. Therefore, this work focuses on analyzing the real-time execution of the state-of-the-art convolutional neural network (CNN) for heart sound segmentation (HSS) on platforms such as traditional CPU/GPU and the Fraunhofer IMS © AIRISC Core Complex (a RISC-V processor developed for AI). Results revealed that, while all implementations exploiting the CPU/GPU platform proved to be useful in real-time diagnosis from a fixed location, the AIRISC demonstrated its goodness, as a system on a chip (SoC) for a real-time wearable application, when executing a quantized version of the CNN.

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Decentral Load Control for Grid Stabilization

Decentral Load Control for Grid Stabilization

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IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)

作者： Felix Uster Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

Renewable energies lead to a decentralization of power generation but also to a destabilization of the power grid, as photovoltaic or wind turbine systems provide nearly zero inertia that is essential for a stable power grid. Leveraging consumer devices to support already present grid control systems counter the growing grid instability. These devices may adapt their power consumption continuously, rather than erratic on-off switching, to provide a grid-friendly stabilization effect. Simulations with a grid model of Continental Europe and multiple consumer load control schemes with different consumer-impact levels were performed to analyze stabilization effect and user tolerability. The results show effective stabilization by the tested consumer load control schemes during a reference incident, allowing them to be used for various devices and device groups. Additional, the simulations proved the scalability of the proposed control algorithms.

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Software-Defined Security Architecture for Smart Buildings using the Building Information Model

Software-Defined Security Architecture for Smart Buildings u...

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Internet of Things (GCIoT)

作者： Arne Wall Björn Butzin Frank Golatowski Michael Rethfeldt Dirk Timmermann University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Rostock Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728148731

ISBN: (纸本)9781728148748

Due to the fact that every smart building is a unique composition of devices, services, and users there is no one-fits-all security architecture. With our proposal we address this problem by using Building Information Modeling (BIM) as source of information for our security concept. Using BIM, models are created throughout the planning of a building, which do not consist only of 3D information such as typical CAD drawings, but also provide a rich set of metadata about the building elements including devices, their interrelationships and networking. Thus, BIM can be used to derive security configurations for each individual embedded device, its services and the network as a whole. We demonstrate the function of a general Security Controller to partition the network on MAC layer. Furthermore, we draw an overall picture of the proposed architecture and the range of possible applications.

关键词： Buildings Architecture Authorization Data models Computational modeling Solid modeling

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Evaluation of LoRa Technology for Vehicle and Asset Tracking in Smart Harbors

Evaluation of LoRa Technology for Vehicle and Asset Tracking...

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Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Irfan Fachrudin Priyanta Frank Golatowski Thorsten Schulz Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

Tracking of goods, containers, and vehicles in harbors is a challenging task because seaports typically are in a secluded area with limited networking capability. Existing solutions use the combination of RFID tagging and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). A harbor is considered a harsh industrial environment with metallic components and surfaces. These conditions influence the wireless networking performance. In addition, harbors' areas vary from 500 ha to 7500 ha. Hence, the coverage range of wireless systems and the exposition to interference are considered. LoRa (Long Range) technology becomes a promising solution among other Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN). Therefore, we investigate the LoRa technology to locate and track assets in harbors. Through ns-3 simulations on scalability, interval rate, and coverage range performance metrics, we evaluated the feasibility to use LoRa in seaports. In our experiments, we applied 1000 LoRa nodes within a radius of 2500 m to the gateway. The results exhibit a probability of successful transmission of 85% in an interval of 300 sec.

关键词： Containers Wireless communication Wireless sensor networks Receivers Logic gates Interference

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Roadmap for Unconventional Computing with Nanotechnology

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Finocchio, Giovanni Incorvia, Jean Anne C. Friedman, Joseph S. Yang, Qu Giordano, Anna Grollier, Julie Yang, Hyunsoo Ciubotaru, Florin Chumak, Andrii Naeemi, Azad J. Cotofana, Sorin D. Tomasello, Riccardo Panagopoulos, Christos Carpentieri, Mario Lin, Peng Pan, Gang Joshua Yang, J. Todri-Sanial, Aida Boschetto, Gabriele Makasheva, Kremena Sangwan, Vinod K. Trivedi, Amit Ranjan Hersam, Mark C. Camsari, Kerem Y. McMahon, Peter L. Datta, Supriyo Koiller, Belita Aguilar, Gabriel H. Temporão, Guilherme P. Rodrigues, Davi R. Sunada, Satoshi Everschor-Sitte, Karin Tatsumura, Kosuke Goto, Hayato Puliafito, Vito Åkerman, Johan Takesue, Hiroki Ventra, Massimiliano Di Pershin, Yuriy V. Mukhopadhyay, Saibal Roy, Kaushik Wang, I-Ting Kang, Wang Zhu, Yao Kaushik, Brajesh Kumar Hasler, Jennifer Ganguly, Samiran Ghosh, Avik W. Levy, William Roychowdhury, Vwani Bandyopadhyay, Supriyo Department of Mathematical and Computer Sciences Physical Sciences and Earth Sciences University of Messina Messina98166 Italy Chandra Family Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Dallas RichardsonTX75080 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117576 Singapore Department of Engineering University of Messina Messina98166 Italy Laboratoire Albert Fert CNRS Thales Université Paris-Saclay Palaiseau91767 France IMEC Leuven3001 Belgium Faculty of Physics University of Vienna Vienna1090 Austria School of Electrical & Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Quantum and Computer Engineering Department Delft University of Technology DelftCD 2628 Netherlands Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Politecnico di Bari Bari70125 Italy Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou310013 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States Electrical Engineering Department Eindhoven University of Technology AZ Eindhoven5612 Netherlands Microelectronics Department LIRMM Université de Montpellier Montpellier34095 France Laplace CNRS UT3 INPT University of Toulouse Toulouse31062 France Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIL60607 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California at Santa Barbara Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States School of Applied and

In the "Beyond Moore's Law" era, with increasing edge intelligence, domain-specific computing embracing unconventional approaches will become increasingly prevalent. At the same time, adopting a variety of nanotechnologies will offer benefits in energy cost, computational speed, reduced footprint, cyber resilience, and processing power. The time is ripe for a roadmap for unconventional computing with nanotechnologies to guide future research, and this collection aims to fill that need. The authors provide a comprehensive roadmap for neuromorphic computing using electron spins, memristive devices, two-dimensional nanomaterials, nanomagnets, and various dynamical systems. They also address other paradigms such as Ising machines, Bayesian inference engines, probabilistic computing with p-bits, processing in memory, quantum memories and algorithms, computing with skyrmions and spin waves, and brain-inspired computing for incremental learning and problem-solving in severely resource-constrained environments. These approaches have advantages over traditional Boolean computing based on von Neumann architecture. As the computational requirements for artificial intelligence grow 50 times faster than Moore's Law for electronics, more unconventional approaches to computing and signal processing will appear on the horizon, and this roadmap will help identify future needs and challenges. In a very fertile field, experts in the field aim to present some of the dominant and most promising technologies for unconventional computing that will be around for some time to come. Within a holistic approach, the goal is to provide pathways for solidifying the field and guiding future impactful discoveries. © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Nanotechnology

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Automated Sensor Firmware Development - Generation, Optimization, and Analysis 22

Automated Sensor Firmware Development - Generation, Optimiza...

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22. Workshop on Methoden und Beschreibungssprachen zur Modellierung und Verifikation von Schaltungen und Systemen, MBMV 2019 - 22nd Workshop on Methods and Description Languages for Modeling and Verification of Circuits and Systems, MBMV 2019

作者： Rudolf, Jens Strobel, Manuel Benz, Joscha Haubelt, Christian Radetzki, Martin Bringmann, Oliver Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock18051 Germany Chair of Embedded Systems University of Stuttgart Stuttgart70569 Germany Embedded Systems Department University of Tübingen Tübingen72076 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783800749461

Embedded systems design has lately become particularly challenging due to fast increasing system complexities, real-time demands and reliability requirements. At the same time, designs are constrained by stringent power budgets, limited memory capacity and short time-to-markets. Recently, various methods to automatically generate, analyze, and optimize different stages of the design flow have been investigated. The evaluation of these methods, however, often focuses on a single associated field of research and thus may not consider the domain-crossing effects that stem from the interaction of different design methods. This paper presents a complete and fully automated workflow that covers model-based generation, analysis, and optimization aspects for embedded firmware and demonstrates it on a virtual system prototype of a typical inertial sensor node. We illustrate the integration of different design and evaluation methods on a realistic example and show potential opportunities for the application of gathered information in order to improve the design. © MBMV 2019 - 22. Workshop "Methoden und Beschreibungssprachen zur Modellierung und Verifikation von Schaltungen und Systemen". All rights reserved.

关键词： Firmware

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