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PKS 2131-021 - Discovery of Strong Coherent Sinusoidal Variations from Radio to Optical Frequencies: Compelling Evidence for a Blazar Supermassive Black Hole Binary

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kiehlmann, Sebastian de la Parra, Philipe Vergara Sullivan, Andrew G. Synani, A. Liodakis, Ioannis Readhead, Anthony C.S. Graham, Matthew J. Begelman, Mitchell C. Blandford, Roger D. Chatziioannou, Katerina Ding, Yuanze Harrison, Fiona Homan, D.C. Hovatta, Talvikki Kulkarni, Shrinivas Lister, Matthew L. Maiolino, Roberto Max-Moerbeck, Walter Molina, B. Mróz, Przemyslaw O’Dea, Christopher P. Pavlidou, Vasiliki Pearson, Timothy J. Aller, Margo F. Lawrence, C.R. Lazio, T.W. Joseph O’Neill, S. Prince, Thomas A. Ravi, Vikram Reeves, Rodrigo A. Tassis, Konstantinos Vallisneri, Michele Zensus, J.A. Institute of Astrophysics Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas HeraklionGR-71110 Greece CePIA Astronomy Department Universidad de Concepción Casilla 160-C Concepción Chile Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Department of Physics Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Physics Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics University of Crete Heraklion71003 Greece NASA Marshall Space Flight Center HuntsvilleAL35808 United States Owens Valley Radio Observatory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Division of Physics Mathematics and Astronomy California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States JILA University of Colorado National Institute of Standards and Technology 440 UCB BoulderCO80309-0440 United States Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences 391 UCB BoulderCO80309-0391 United States Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge 19 JJ Thomson Avenue CambridgeCB3 0HE United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London Gower Street LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom Department of Physics California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Denison University GranvilleOH43023 United States University of Turku FI-20014 Finland Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory Metsähovintie 114 Kylmälä02540 Finland Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University 525 Northwestern Avenue West LafayetteIN47907 United States Kavli Institute for Cosmology University of Cambridge Madingley Road CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de Chile Camino El Observatorio 1515 Las Condes Santiago Chile Astronomical Observatory Universi

Haystack and Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO) observations recently revealed strong sinusoidal total flux density variations that maintained coherence between 1975 and 2021 in the blazar PKS 2131−021 (z = 1.283). This was interpreted as possible evidence of a supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB). Extended observations through 2023 show coherence over 47.9 years, with an observed period P15 GHz = (1739.3 ± 1.2) days. We reject, with p-value = 5.3 × 10−7, the hypothesis that the variations are due to random fluctuations in the red noise tail of the power spectral density. There is clearly a constant-period physical phenomenon in PKS 2131−021 producing coherent intermittent sinusoidal flux density variations. We find the coherent sinusoidal intensity variations extend from below 2.7 GHz to optical frequencies, from which we derive an observed period Poptical = (1764±36) days. Across this broad frequency range there is a monotonic phase shift in the sinusoidal variations with frequency. The same coherent periodicity is possibly also observed at γ-ray energies. The importance of well-vetted SMBHB candidates to searches for gravitational waves is pointed out. We estimate the fraction of blazars that are SMBHB candidates to be > 1 in 100. Thus monitoring programs covering tens of thousands of blazars could discover hundreds of SMBHB candidates. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

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Placental Vessel Segmentation and Registration in Fetoscopy: Literature Review and MICCAI FetReg2021 Challenge Findings

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Bano, Sophia Casella, Alessandro Vasconcelos, Francisco Qayyum, Abdul Benzinou, Abdesslam Mazher, Moona Meriaudeau, Fabrice Lena, Chiara Cintorrino, Ilaria Anita De Paolis, Gaia Romana Biagioli, Jessica Grechishnikova, Daria Jiao, Jing Bai, Bizhe Qiao, Yanyan Bhattarai, Binod Gaire, Rebati Raman Subedi, Ronast Vazquez, Eduard Plotka, Szymon Lisowska, Aneta Sitek, Arkadiusz Attilakos, George Wimalasundera, Ruwan David, Anna L. Paladini, Dario Deprest, Jan De Momi, Elena Mattos, Leonardo S. Moccia, Sara Stoyanov, Danail Department of Computer Science University College London United Kingdom Department of Advanced Robotics Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Italy Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering Politecnico di Milano Italy The BioRobotics Institute Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna Italy Fetal Medicine Unit Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Wing University College London Hospital United Kingdom EGA Institute for Women's Health Faculty of Population Health Sciences University College London United Kingdom Department of Development and Regeneration University Hospital Leuven Belgium Department of Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Istituto Giannina Gaslini Italy ENIB UMR CNRS 6285 LabSTICC 29238 France Department of Computer Engineering and Mathematics University Rovira i Virgili Spain ImViA Laboratory University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté France Physics Department Lomonosov Moscow State University Russia Fudan University China Medical Computer Vision and Robotics Group Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences University of Toronto Canada Co. Ltd China NepAL Applied Mathematics and Informatics Institute for Research Nepal Redev Technology United Kingdom Sano Center for Computational Medicine Poland Quantitative Healthcare Analysis Group Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands Center for Advanced Medical Computing and Simulation Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States

Fetoscopy laser photocoagulation is a widely adopted procedure for treating Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS). The procedure involves photocoagulation pathological anastomoses to restore a physiological blood exchange among twins. The procedure is particularly challenging, from the surgeon's side, due to the limited field of view, poor manoeuvrability of the fetoscope, poor visibility due to amniotic fluid turbidity, and variability in illumination. These challenges may lead to increased surgery time and incomplete ablation of pathological anastomoses, resulting in persistent TTTS. Computer-assisted intervention (CAI) can provide TTTS surgeons with decision support and context awareness by identifying key structures in the scene and expanding the fetoscopic field of view through video mosaicking. research in this domain has been hampered by the lack of high-quality data to design, develop and test CAI algorithms. Through the Fetoscopic Placental Vessel Segmentation and Registration (FetReg2021) challenge, which was organized as part of the MICCAI2021 Endoscopic Vision (EndoVis) challenge, we released the first large-scale multi-center TTTS dataset for the development of generalized and robust semantic segmentation and video mosaicking algorithms with a focus on creating drift-free mosaics from long duration fetoscopy videos. For this challenge, we released a dataset of 2060 images, pixel-annotated for vessels, tool, fetus and background classes, from 18 in-vivo TTTS fetoscopy procedures and 18 short video clips of an average length of 411 frames for developing placental scene segmentation and frame registration for mosaicking techniques. Seven teams participated in this challenge and their model performance was assessed on an unseen test dataset of 658 pixel-annotated images from 6 fetoscopic procedures and 6 short clips. The challenge provided an opportunity for creating generalized solutions for fetoscopic scene understanding and mosaicking. In this paper,

关键词： Pixels

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Precise amplitude, trajectory, and beam-width control of accelerating and abruptly autofocusing beams

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Physical Review A 2018年第6期97卷 063831-063831页

作者： Michael Goutsoulas Nikolaos K. Efremidis Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of Crete 70013 Heraklion Crete Greece Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH) 70013 Heraklion Crete Greece

We show that it is possible to independently control both the trajectory and the maximum amplitude along the trajectory of a paraxial accelerating beam. This is accomplished by carefully engineering both the amplitude and the phase of the beam on the input plane. Furthermore, we show that the width of an accelerating beam is related only on the curvature of the trajectory. Therefore, we are able to produce beams with predefined beam widths and amplitudes. These results are useful in applications where precise beam control is important. In addition we consider radially symmetric abruptly autofocusing beams. We identify the important parameters that affect the focal characteristics. Consequently, we can design autofocusing beams with optimized parameters (such as sharper focus and higher intensity contrast). In all our calculations the resulting formulas are presented in an elegant and practical form in direct connection with the geometric properties of the trajectory. Finally we discuss methods that can be utilized to experimentally realize such optical waves.

关键词： Classical optics Geometrical & wave optics Optics & lasers

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Dynamic mode decomposition for gyrokinetic eigenmode analysis

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Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 2025年第6期67卷 065033-065033页

作者： A V Dudkovskaia D Li J Candy E A Belli C Yang York Plasma Institute School of Physics Engineering and Technology University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Massachusetts 300 Massachusetts Ave Amherst MA 01003 United States of America General Atomics PO Box 85608 San Diego CA 92186-5609 United States of America Applied Mathematics and Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Rd Berkeley CA 94720 United States of America

Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is a post-processing approach to decompose a complex time series into a set of modes via spectral analysis. DMD provides a new and powerful method to recover gyrokinetic drift-wave eigenfrequencies and eigenfunctions based only on the solution of the gyrokinetic-Maxwell initial value problem with almost no added cost to the initial value solver. In the present paper, DMD is applied to the CGYRO gyrokinetic code using a newly-developed CGYRO-DMD post-processor. CGYRO-DMD is numerically efficient, even on a single CPU. It does not set any restrictions on the plasma shape, beta (ratio of the plasma pressure to the magnetic field pressure), collisionality or number of species, and allows one to resolve numerous eigenmodes, even of comparable growth rates. In addition, DMD is not limited to unstable modes, but rather can capture stable and unstable branches simultaneously. In this work, we illustrate the accuracy of DMD through gyrokinetic analysis of mode transition for electromagnetic drift wave instabilities.

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Absolute energies and emission line shapes of the L x-ray transitions of lanthanide metals

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Fowler, Joseph W. O’Neil, G.C. Alpert, B.K. Bennett, D.A. Denison, E.V. Doriese, W.B. Hilton, G.C. Hudson, L.T. Joe, Y.-I. Morgan, K.M. Schmidt, D.R. Swetz, D.S. Szabo, C.I. Ullom, J.N. Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Quantum Electromagnetics Division National Institute of Standards and Technology BoulderCO80305 United States Applied & Computational Mathematics Division National Institute of Standards and Technology BoulderCO80305 United States Radiation Physics Division National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Theiss Research 7411 Eads Ave San diegoCA92037 United States

We use an array of transition-edge sensors, cryogenic microcalorimeters with 4 eV energy resolution, to measure L x-ray emission-line profiles of four elements of the lanthanide series: praseodymium, neodymium, terbium, and holmium. The spectrometer also surveys numerous x-ray standards in order to establish an absolute-energy calibration traceable to the International System of Units for the energy range 4 keV to 10 keV. The new results include emission line profiles for 97 lines, each expressed as a sum of one or more Voigt functions;improved absolute energy uncertainty on 71 of these lines relative to existing reference data;a median uncertainty on the peak energy of 0.24 eV, four to ten times better than the median of prior work;and 6 lines that lack any measured values in existing reference tables. The 97 lines comprise nearly all of the most intense L lines from these elements under broad-band x-ray excitation. The work improves on previous measurements made with a similar cryogenic spectrometer by the use of sensors with better linearity in the absorbed energy and a gold x-ray absorbing layer that has a Gaussian energy-response function. It also employs a novel sample holder that enables rapid switching between science targets and calibration targets with excellent gain balancing. Most of the results for peak energy values shown here should be considered as replacements for the currently tabulated standard reference values, while the line shapes given here represent a significant expansion of the scope of available reference data. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electromagnetic wave emission

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Recent advances and applications of deep learning methods in materials science

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Choudhary, Kamal DeCost, Brian Chen, Chi Jain, Anubhav Tavazza, Francesca Cohn, Ryan WooPark, Cheol Choudhary, Alok Agrawal, Ankit Billinge, Simon J.L. Holm, Elizabeth Ong, Shyue Ping Wolverton, Chris Materials Science and Engineering Division National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Theiss Research San diegoCA92037 United States Material Measurement Science Division National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego CA92093 United States Energy Technologies Area Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics and the Data Science Institute Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States

Deep learning (DL) is one of the fastest growing topics in materials data science, with rapidly emerging applications spanning atomistic, image-based, spectral, and textual data modalities. DL allows analysis of unstructured data and automated identification of features. Recent development of large materials databases has fueled the application of DL methods in atomistic prediction in particular. In contrast, advances in image and spectral data have largely leveraged synthetic data enabled by high quality forward models as well as by generative unsupervised DL methods. In this article, we present a high-level overview of deep-learning methods followed by a detailed discussion of recent developments of deep learning in atomistic simulation, materials imaging, spectral analysis, and natural language processing. For each modality we discuss applications involving both theoretical and experimental data, typical modeling approaches with their strengths and limitations, and relevant publicly available software and datasets. We conclude the review with a discussion of recent cross-cutting work related to uncertainty quantification in this field and a brief perspective on limitations, challenges, and potential growth areas for DL methods in materials science. The application of DL methods in materials science presents an exciting avenue for future materials discovery and design. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Application programs

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Benchmarking the effective one-component plasma model for warm dense neon and krypton within quantum molecular dynamics simulation

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Physical Review E 2020年第2期101卷 023302-023302页

作者： Zhao-Qi Wang Jun Tang Yong Hou Qi-Feng Chen Xiang-Rong Chen Jia-Yu Dai Xu-Jun Meng Yun-Jun Gu Lei Liu Guo-Jun Li Yang-Shun Lan Zhi-Guo Li College of Physics Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China National Key Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research Institute of Fluid Physics Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621900 People's Republic of China Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory Mianyang 621908 People's Republic of China Department of Physics National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 People's Republic of China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094 People's Republic of China

The effective one-component plasma (EOCP) model has provided an efficient approach to obtaining many important thermophysical parameters of hot dense matter [J. Clérouin, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 115003 (2016)]. In this paper, we perform extensive quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) simulations to determine the equations of state, ionic structures, and ionic transport properties of neon and krypton within the warm dense matter (WDM) regime where the density ( ρ ) is up to 12 g/cm3 and the temperature (T) is up to 100 kK. The simulated data are then used as a benchmark to explicitly evaluate the EOCP and Yukawa models. It is found that, within present ρ-T regime, the EOCP model can excellently reproduce the diffusion and viscosity coefficients of neon and krypton due to the fact that this model defines a system which nearly reproduces the actual physical states of WDM. Therefore, the EOCP model may be a promising alternative approach to reasonably predicting the transport behaviors of matter in WDM regime at lower QMD computational cost. The evaluation of Yukawa model shows that the consideration of the energy level broadening effect in the average atom model is necessary. Finally, with the help of EOCP model, the Stokes-Einstein relationships about neon and krypton are discussed, and fruitful plasma parameters as well as a practical ρ-T-dependent formula of the effective coupling parameter are obtained. These results not only provide valuable information for future theoretical and experimental studies on dense neon and krypton but also reveal the applicability of the EOCP model and the limitation of the Yukawa model in WDM regime and further support the continuing search for a unified description of ionic transport in dense plasma.

关键词： Equations of state Ionic transport Structural properties Warm-dense matter First-principles calculations Molecular dynamics

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Open-Air Microwave Entanglement Distribution for Quantum Teleportation

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Physical Review applied 2022年第4期18卷 044002-044002页

作者： Tasio Gonzalez-Raya Mateo Casariego Florian Fesquet Michael Renger Vahid Salari Mikko Möttönen Yasser Omar Frank Deppe Kirill G. Fedorov Mikel Sanz Department of Physical Chemistry University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Apartado 644 48080 Bilbao Spain EHU Quantum Center University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Spain Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa Portugal PQI – Portuguese Quantum Institute Portugal Walther-Meißner-Institut Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften 85748 Garching Germany Physik-Department Technische Universität München 85748 Garching Germany Institute for Quantum Science and Technology University of Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada IQM Keilaranta 19 02150 Espoo Finland QCD Labs QTF Centre of Excellence Department of Applied Physics Aalto University P.O. Box 13500 Aalto FIN-00076 Finland VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. & QTF Centre of Excellence P.O. Box 1000 02044 VTT Finland Centro de Física e Engenharia de Materiais Avançados (CeFEMA) Physics of Information and Quantum Technologies Group Portugal Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST) Schellingstr. 4 80799 Munich Germany Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM) Alameda de Mazarredo 14 48009 Bilbao Spain IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science Plaza Euskadi 5 48009 Bilbao Spain

Microwave technology plays a central role in current wireless communications, including mobile communication and local area networks. The microwave range shows relevant advantages with respect to other frequencies in open-air transmission, such as low absorption losses and low-energy consumption, and in addition, it is the natural working frequency in superconducting quantum technologies. Entanglement distribution between separate parties is at the core of secure quantum communications. Therefore, understanding its limitations in realistic open-air settings, especially in the rather unexplored microwave regime, is crucial for transforming microwave quantum communications into a mainstream technology. Here, we investigate the feasibility of an open-air entanglement distribution scheme with microwave two-mode squeezed states. First, we study the reach of direct entanglement transmission in open air, obtaining a maximum distance of approximately 500 m with parameters feasible for state-of-the-art experiments. Subsequently, we adapt entanglement distillation and entanglement swapping protocols to microwave technology in order to reduce the environment-induced entanglement degradation. The employed entanglement distillation helps to increase quantum correlations in the short-distance low-squeezing regime by up to 46%, and the reach of entanglement increases by 14% with entanglement swapping. Importantly, we compute the fidelity of a continuous-variable quantum teleportation protocol using open-air-distributed entanglement as a resource. Finally, we adapt this machinery to explore the limitations of quantum communication between satellites, where the impact of thermal noise is substantially reduced and diffraction losses are dominant.

关键词： Optical quantum information processing Quantum communication Quantum entanglement Quantum information processing with continuous variables Quantum networks Quantum states of light Wireless communication networks Microwave techniques

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Efficient MedSAMs: Segment Anything in Medical Images on Laptop

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ma, Jun Li, Feifei Kim, Sumin Asakereh, Reza Le, Bao-Hiep Nguyen-Vu, Dang-Khoa Pfefferle, Alexander Wei, Muxin Gao, Ruochen Lyu, Donghang Yang, Songxiao Purucker, Lennart Marinov, Zdravko Staring, Marius Lu, Haisheng Dao, Thuy Thanh Ye, Xincheng Li, Zhi Brugnara, Gianluca Vollmuth, Philipp Foltyn-Dumitru, Martha Cho, Jaeyoung Mahmutoglu, Mustafa Ahmed Bendszus, Martin Pflüger, Irada Rastogi, Aditya Ni, Dong Yang, Xin Zhou, Guang-Quan Wang, Kaini Heller, Nicholas Papanikolopoulos, Nikolaos Weight, Christopher Tong, Yubing Udupa, Jayaram K. Patrick, Cahill J. Wang, Yaqi Zhang, Yifan Contijoch, Francisco McVeigh, Elliot Ye, Xin He, Shucheng Haase, Robert Pinetz, Thomas Radbruch, Alexander Krause, Inga Kobler, Erich He, Jian Tang, Yucheng Yang, Haichun Huo, Yuankai Luo, Gongning Kushibar, Kaisar Amankulov, Jandos Toleshbayev, Dias Mukhamejan, Amangeldi Egger, Jan Pepe, Antonio Gsaxner, Christina Luijten, Gijs Fujita, Shohei Kikuchi, Tomohiro Wiestler, Benedikt Kirschke, Jan S. de la Rosa, Ezequiel Bolelli, Federico Lumetti, Luca Grana, Costantino Xie, Kunpeng Wu, Guomin Puladi, Behrus Martín-Isla, Carlos Lekadir, Karim Campello, Victor M. Shao, Wei Brisbane, Wayne Jiang, Hongxu Wei, Hao Yuan, Wu Li, Shuangle Zhou, Yuyin Wang, Bo AI Collaborative Centre University Health Network Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Vector Institute Toronto Canada Peter Munk Cardiac Centre University Health Network Toronto Canada Toronto General Hospital Research Institute University Health Network Department of Computer Science University of Toronto University Health Network Vector Institute Toronto Canada University of Science Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Institute of Computer Science University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany School of Medicine and Health Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Division of Image Processing Department of Radiology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden Netherlands Department of System and Control Engineering School of Engineering Institute of Science Tokyo Formerly Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Queensland Brisbane Australia School of Cyberspace Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China Division for Computational Radiology and Clinical AI The Department of Neuroradiology University Hospital Bonn Germany Division for Computational Radiology and Clinical AI The Department of Neuroradiology University Hospital Bonn Germany Department of Neuroradiology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany Division for Computational Radiology and Clinical AI Department of Neuroradiology University Hospital Bonn Germany School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China Department of Urology Cleveland Clinic Cleveland United States Department of Computer Science University of Minnesota Minneapolis United St

Promptable segmentation foundation models have emerged as a transformative approach to addressing the diverse needs in medical images, but most existing models require expensive computing, posing a big barrier to their adoption in clinical practice. In this work, we organized the first international competition dedicated to promptable medical image segmentation, featuring a large-scale dataset spanning nine common imaging modalities from over 20 different institutions. The top teams developed lightweight segmentation foundation models and implemented an efficient inference pipeline that substantially reduced computational requirements while maintaining state-of-the-art segmentation accuracy. Moreover, the post-challenge phase advanced the algorithms through the design of performance booster and reproducibility tasks, resulting in improved algorithms and validated reproducibility of the winning solution. Furthermore, the best-performing algorithms have been incorporated into the open-source software with a user-friendly interface to facilitate clinical adoption. The data and code are publicly available to foster the further development of medical image segmentation foundation models and pave the way for impactful real-world applications. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Open source software

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Analysis of electromagnetic pulses generation from laser coupling with polymer targets: Effect of metal content in target

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2020年第1期5卷 1-7页

作者： Yadong Xia Feng Zhang Hongbo Cai Weimin Zhou Chao Tian Bo Zhang Dongxiao Liu Tao Yi Yilin Xu Feng Wang Tingshuai Li Shaoping Zhu School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731People’s Republic of China Laser Fusion Research Center China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900People’s Republic of China Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory Laser Fusion Research CenterChina Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900People’s Republic of China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing100094People’s Republic of China HEDPS Center for Applied Physics and TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China Graduate School China Academy of Engineering PhysicsP.O.Box 2101Beijing 100088People’s Republic of China

Powerful lasers interacting with solid targets can generate intense electromagnetic pulses(EMPs).In this study,EMPs produced by a pulsed laser(1 ps,100 J)shooting at CH targets doped with different titanium(Ti)contents at the XG-III laser facility are measured and *** results demonstrate that the intensity of EMPs first increases with Ti doping content from 1%to 7%and then *** electron spectra show that EMP emission is closely related to the hot electrons ejected from the target surface,which is confirmed by an analysis based on the target–holder–ground equivalent antenna *** conclusions of this study provide a new approach to achieve tunable EMP radiation by adjusting the metal content of solid targets,and will also help in understanding the mechanism ofEMPgeneration and ejection of hot electrons during laser coupling with targets.

关键词： antenna coupling titanium

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