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Author Correction: WOODIV, a database of occurrences, functional traits, and phylogenetic data for all Euro-Mediterranean trees

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Scientific data 2021年第1期8卷 128页

作者： Anne-Christine Monnet Kévin Cilleros Frédéric Médail Marwan Cheikh Albassatneh Juan Arroyo Gianluigi Bacchetta Francesca Bagnoli Zoltán Barina Manuel Cartereau Nicolas Casajus Panayotis Dimopoulos Gianniantonio Domina Aggeliki Doxa Marcial Escudero Bruno Fady Arndt Hampe Vlado Matevski Stephen Misfud Toni Nikolic Daniel Pavon Anne Roig Estefania Santos Barea Ilaria Spanu Arne Strid Giovanni Giuseppe Vendramin Agathe Leriche Aix Marseille Univ Avignon Univ CNRS IRD IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée cedex 4 BP 80 13 545 Aix-en-Provence France. monnet.annechristine@***. Aix Marseille Univ Avignon Univ CNRS IRD IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée cedex 4 BP 80 13 545 Aix-en-Provence France. Institut de Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN) CNRS Sorbonne Université EPHE Université des Antilles Paris France. Department of Plant Biology and Ecology University of Seville Seville Spain. Department of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Cagliari Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13 Cagliari Italy. National Research Council Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) Italy. Department of Botany Hungarian Natural History Museum Pf. 137 Budapest 1431 Hungary. FRB-CESAB 5 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine 34000 Montpellier France. Department of Biology Laboratory of Botany University of Patras 26504 Patras Greece. Department of Agriculture Food and Forest Sciences University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze bldg. 4 90128 Palermo Italy. Statistical Learning Lab Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH) Ν. Plastira 100 Vassilika Vouton GR - 700 13 Heraklion Crete Greece. INRAE UR629 Ecologie des forêts méditerranéennes Avignon France. INRAE Univ. Bordeaux BIOGECO F-33610 Cestas France. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts Krste Misirkov 2 1000 Skopje Republic of Macedonia. EcoGozo Regional Development Directorate - Ministry for Gozo Flat 6 Sunset Court B Triq Marsalforn Xaghra Gozo Malta. Department of Botany Faculty of Science University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia. Bakkevej 6 5853 Ørbæk Denmark. Aix Marseille Univ Avignon Univ CNRS IRD IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée cedex 4 BP 80 13 545 Aix-en-Provence France. agathe.leriche@imbe.fr.

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Comparison of Polarized Radiative Transfer Codes Used by the EHT Collaboration

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The Astrophysical Journal 2023年第1期950卷 35-35页

作者： Ben S. Prather Jason Dexter Monika Moscibrodzka Hung-Yi Pu Thomas Bronzwaer Jordy Davelaar Ziri Younsi Charles F. Gammie Roman Gold George N. Wong Kazunori Akiyama Antxon Alberdi Walter Alef Juan Carlos Algaba Richard Anantua Keiichi Asada Rebecca Azulay Uwe Bach Anne-Kathrin Baczko David Ball Mislav Baloković John Barrett Michi Bauböck Bradford A. Benson Dan Bintley Lindy Blackburn Raymond Blundell Katherine L. Bouman Geoffrey C. Bower Hope Boyce Michael Bremer Christiaan D. Brinkerink Roger Brissenden Silke Britzen Avery E. Broderick Dominique Broguiere Sandra Bustamante Do-Young Byun John E. Carlstrom Chiara Ceccobello Andrew Chael Chi-kwan Chan Dominic O. Chang Koushik Chatterjee Shami Chatterjee Ming-Tang Chen Yongjun Chen Xiaopeng Cheng Ilje Cho Pierre Christian Nicholas S. Conroy John E. Conway James M. Cordes Thomas M. Crawford Geoffrey B. Crew Alejandro Cruz-Osorio Yuzhu Cui Mariafelicia De Laurentis Roger Deane Jessica Dempsey Gregory Desvignes Vedant Dhruv Sheperd S. Doeleman Sean Dougal Sergio A. Dzib Ralph P. Eatough Razieh Emami Heino Falcke Joseph Farah Vincent L. Fish Ed Fomalont H. Alyson Ford Raquel Fraga-Encinas William T. Freeman Per Friberg Christian M. Fromm Antonio Fuentes Peter Galison Roberto García Olivier Gentaz Boris Georgiev Ciriaco Goddi Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz José L. Gómez Minfeng Gu Mark Gurwell Kazuhiro Hada Daryl Haggard Kari Haworth Michael H. Hecht Ronald Hesper Dirk Heumann Luis C. Ho Paul Ho Mareki Honma Chih-Wei L. Huang Lei Huang David H. Hughes Shiro Ikeda C. M. Violette Impellizzeri Makoto Inoue Sara Issaoun David J. James Buell T. Jannuzi Michael Janssen Britton Jeter Wu Jiang Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales Michael D. Johnson Svetlana Jorstad Abhishek V. Joshi Taehyun Jung Mansour Karami Ramesh Karuppusamy Tomohisa Kawashima Garrett K. Keating Mark Kettenis Dong-Jin Kim Jae-Young Kim Jongsoo Kim Junhan Kim Motoki Kino Jun Yi Koay Prashant Kocherlakota Yutaro Kofuji Shoko Koyama Carsten Kramer Michael Kramer Thomas P. Krichbaum Cheng-Yu Kuo Noemi La Bella Tod R. Lauer Daeyoung L CCS-2 Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O. Box 1663 Los Alamos NM 87545 USA bprather@lanl.gov JILA and Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Sec.4 Tingzhou Road Taipei 116 Taiwan R.O.C. Center of Astronomy and Gravitation National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Sec. 4 Tingzhou Road Taipei 116 Taiwan R.O.C. Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building AS/NTU No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan R.O.C. Department of Astronomy and Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory Columbia University 550 W. 120th Street New York NY 10027 USA Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10010 USA Department of Astrophysics Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP) Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College London Holmbury St. Mary Dorking Surrey RH5 6NT UK Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany Department of Physics University of Illinois 1110 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Astronomy University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1002 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 USA NCSA University of Illinois 1205 W. Clark Street Urbana IL 61801 USA CP3-Origins University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 DK-5230 Odense M Denmark School of Natural Sciences Institute for Advanced Study 1 Einstein Drive Princeton NJ 08540 USA Princeton Gravity Initiative Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory 99 Millstone Road Westford MA 01886 USA National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osaw

Interpretation of resolved polarized images of black holes by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) requires predictions of the polarized emission observable by an Earth-based instrument for a particular model of the black hole accretion system. Such predictions are generated by general relativistic radiative transfer (GRRT) codes, which integrate the equations of polarized radiative transfer in curved spacetime. A selection of ray-tracing GRRT codes used within the EHT Collaboration is evaluated for accuracy and consistency in producing a selection of test images, demonstrating that the various methods and implementations of radiative transfer calculations are highly consistent. When imaging an analytic accretion model, we find that all codes produce images similar within a pixel-wise normalized mean squared error (NMSE) of 0.012 in the worst case. When imaging a snapshot from a cell-based magnetohydrodynamic simulation, we find all test images to be similar within NMSEs of 0.02, 0.04, 0.04, and 0.12 in Stokes I, Q, U, and V, respectively. We additionally find the values of several image metrics relevant to published EHT results to be in agreement to much better precision than measurement uncertainties.

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A Geometric Approach for the Upper Bound Theorem for Minkowski Sums of Convex Polytopes 31

A Geometric Approach for the Upper Bound Theorem for Minkows...

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31st International Symposium on computational Geometry, SoCG 2015

作者： Karavelas, Menelaos I. Tzanaki, Eleni Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of Crete Heraklion Greece Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas Heraklion Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9783939897835

We derive tight expressions for the maximum number of κ-faces, 0 ≤ κ ≤ d - 1, of the Minkowski sum, P1++Pr, of r convex d-polytopes P1, . . . ,Pr in d, where d ≥ 2 and r 1 + + Pr as a section of the Cayley polytope C of the summands;bounding the κ-faces of P1 + + Pr reduces to bounding the subset of the (k + r - 1)-faces of C that contain vertices from each of the r polytopes. We end our paper with a sketch of an explicit construction that establishes the tightness of the upper bounds.

关键词： Algebra

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Roadmap on atomtronics: State of the art and perspective

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Amico, Luigi Boshier, M. Birkl, G. Minguzzi, A. Miniatura, C. Kwek, L.-C. Aghamalyan, D. Ahufinger, V. Anderson, D. Andrei, N. Arnold, A.S. Baker, M. Bell, T.A. Bland, T. Brantut, J.P. Cassettari, D. Chetcuti, W.J. Chevy, F. Citro, R. de Palo, S. Dumke, R. Edwards, M. Folman, R. Fortagh, J. Gardiner, S.A. Garraway, B.M. Gauthier, G. Günther, A. Haug, T. Hufnagel, C. Keil, M. Ireland, P. Lebrat, M. Li, W. Longchambon, L. Mompart, J. Morsch, O. Naldesi, P. Neely, T.W. Olshanii, M. Orignac, E. Pandey, S. Pérez-Obiol, A. Perrin, H. Piroli, L. Polo, J. Pritchard, A.L. Proukakis, N.P. Rylands, C. Rubinsztein-Dunlop, H. Scazza, F. Stringari, S. Tosto, F. Trombettoni, A. Victorin, N. von Klitzing, W. Wilkowski, D. Xhani, K. Yakimenko, A. Quantum Research Centre Technology Innovation Institute Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 2 117543 Singapore LANEF'Chaire d'excellence' Universitè Grenoble-Alpes CNRS GrenobleF-38000 France MajuLab CNRS-UCA-SU-NUS-NTU International Joint Research Unit Singapore Physics Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Institut für Angewandte Physik Technische Universität Darmstadt Schlossgartenstr. 7 Darmstadt64289 Germany Univ. Grenoble-Alpes CNRS LPMMC GrenobleF-38000 France Department of Physics National University of Singapore Singapore117542 Singapore Division of Physics and Applied Physics Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore637371 Singapore Université Côte d'Azur CNRS INPHYNI Nice France Institute of Advanced Studies Nanyang Technological University 60 Nanyang View 639673 Singapore School of Information Systems Singapore Management University 81 Victoria Street 188065 Singapore Departament de Física Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona BellaterraE-08193 Spain Department of Physics JILA University of Colorado BoulderCO80309-0440 United States ColdQuanta Inc. 3030 Sterling Circle BoulderCO80301 United States Center for Materials Theory Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers University PiscatawayNJ08854 United States Department of Physics SUPA University of Strathclyde GlasgowG4 0NG United Kingdom ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems School of Mathematics and Physics University of Queensland BrisbaneQLD4072 Australia Durham-Newcastle School of Mathematics Statistics and Physics Newcastle University Newcastle upon TyneNE1 7RU United Kingdom Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Innsbruck Austria Institute of Physics EPFL Lausanne1015 Switzerland SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy University of St. Andrews North Haugh

Atomtronics deals with matter-wave circuits of ultra-cold atoms manipulated through magnetic or laser-generated guides with different shapes and intensities. In this way, new types of quantum networks can be constructed, in which coherent fluids are controlled with the know-how developed in the atomic and molecular physics community. In particular, quantum devices with enhanced precision, control and flexibility of their operating conditions can be accessed. Concomitantly, new quantum simulators and emulators harnessing on the coherent current flows can also be developed. Here, we survey the landscape of atomtronics-enabled quantum technology and draw a roadmap for the field in the near future. We review some of the latest progresses achieved in matterwave circuits design and atom-chips. Atomtronic networks are deployed as promising platforms for probing many-body physics with a new angle and a new twist. The latter can be done both at the level of equilibrium and non-equilibrium situations. Numerous relevant problems in mesoscopic physics, like persistent currents and quantum transport in circuits of fermionic or bosonic atoms, are studied through a new lens. We summarize some of the atomtronics quantum devices and sensors. Finally, we discuss alkali-earth and Rydberg atoms as potential platforms for the realization of atomtronic circuits with special features. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： technology transfer

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Time reversal in elastodynamics and applications to structural health monitoring 5

Time reversal in elastodynamics and applications to structur...

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5th ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, COMPDYN 2015

作者： Panagiotopoulos, Christos G. Petromichelakis, Yiannis Tsogka, Chrysoula Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas Heraklion Greece Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of Crete Heraklion Greece

In structural health monitoring, detection of localized damage can be achieved by exploiting recorded signals at a limited number of sensors within the structure. Here we propose the localization of damage using an array of sensors as a computational time-reversal mirror (TRM). Time reversal (TR) is a physical process that exploits the time reversibility of wave equations and achieves re-focusing of the wave on the source of its origin by sending back, reversed in time, the signals recorded on an array of transducers. TR was originally introduced by Mathias Fink and his group and has several applications ranging from medical imaging to telecommunications [14]. In the present work, we perform time reversal numerically in order to effectively detect and localize defects in a bounded two-dimensional elastic domain. This is a generalization of a respective time-reversal implementation in an acoustic medium [12]. The solid contains a number of Nr sensors which can act as sources as well. Our data is the response matrix of the scattered field, that is, the difference between the total field obtained in the damaged structure and the incident field corresponding to the response in the healthy structure. Numerical solution of the wave propagation problem is performed using a mixed finite element formulation in terms of the velocity and stress fields [6]. In order to dissociate the response caused by Nd different defects, we apply the singular value decomposition (SVD) of the response matrix, while back-propagation of the projection of each singular vector corresponding to a non-zero singular value is performed in order to highlight each defect separately.

关键词： Damage detection

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De-noising procedures for inverting underwater acoustic signals in applications of acoustical oceanography 10

De-noising procedures for inverting underwater acoustic sign...

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10th European Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering, Euronoise 2015

作者： Taroudakis, Michael Smaragdakis, Costas Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of Crete Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics Voutes University Campus Heraklion Crete70013 Greece

Applications of ocean acoustic tomography and sea-bed classification using measurements of acoustic signals emitted from known sources are based on the extraction of specific features of the signal and their subsequent exploitation by post processing. The extraction of these features is sometimes very difficult to be done in a reliable way, due to the fact that the measurements are made in the presence of noise, which in some cases is a severe handicap for the exploitation of the measured signals. Although several inversion methods have been proposed to by-pass the noise problem, the issue is open to further research and de-noising strategies are in the process of being studied. In this paper we focus on a specific inversion method based on the statistical characterization of the acoustic signal [1] and compare a couple of alternative de-noising procedures in order that the statistical features of the signal extracted from the noisy measurements could lead to reliable inversions of the critical parameters of the sea-bed and or the water column. The results presented are based on synthetic signals produced using typical characteristics of tomograpahic sources and adding noise to a level appropriate for simulating realistic experiments in a shallow water environment. Copyright © (2015) by EAA-NAG-ABAV, All rights reserved

关键词： Extraction

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A new approach in image registration

A new approach in image registration

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IEEE International Workshop on Imaging Systems and Techniques (IST)

作者： Constantinos Spanakis Emmanuel Mathioudakis Nikos Kampanis Manolis Tsiknakis Kostas Marias Institute of Computer Science Foundation for Research and Technology Greece Technical University of Crete Chania Greece School of Mineral Resources Engineering Technical University of Crete Greece Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics Foundation for Research and Technology Greece Department of Applied Informatics and Multimedia Technological Educational Institute of Crete

ISBN: (纸本)9781509018185

Evolutionary algorithms are metaheuristic algorithms that mimic biological mechanisms for the solution of optimization problems. They are widely used in many problems of engineering, including image analysis and pattern recognition. Such methods had shown added value in overcoming certain problems and limitations of more traditional methods and approaches. This is particularly interesting in Computer for designing faster and more accurate optimization methods. Despite recent advances in image registration, there is still room for improvement especially with the use of metaheuristic algorithms. In this paper, we present a novel method for solving the automated rigid registration problem by introducing a variant of the relatively new metaheuristic method called harmony search which shows promising results in difficult rigid registration cases.

关键词： Image registration Search problems Radiation detectors Mutual information Electronic mail Standards Optimization

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Violent quenching: Molecular gas blown to 1000 km s−1 During a major merger

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Geach, J.E. Tremonti, C. Diamond-Stanic, A.M. Sell, P.H. Kepley, A.A. Coil, A.L. Rudnick, G. Hickox, R.C. Moustakas, J. Yang, Yujin Centre for Astrophysics Research School of Physics Astronomy & Mathematics University of Hertfordshire HatfieldAL10 9AB United Kingdom Department of Astronomy University of Wisconsin-Madison 475 N. Charter St. MadisonWI53706 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Bates College Carnegie Science Hall 44 Campus Ave LewistonME04240 United States Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas Heraklion Crete71110 Greece Physics Department & Institute of Theoretical & Computational Physics University of Crete Heraklion Crete71003 Greece National Radio Astronomy Observatory 520 Edgemont Road CharlottesvilleVA22903 United States Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences Department of Physics University of California 9500 Gilman Dr. San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Kansas 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive LawrenceKS66045 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Dartmouth College 6127 Wilder Laboratory HanoverNH03755 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Siena College 515 Loudon Road LoudonvilleNY12211 United States Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776 Daedeokdae-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of a massive (M? ≈ 1011M☉) compact (re,UV ≈ 100 pc) merger remnant at z = 0.66 that is driving a 1000 km s−1 outflow of cool gas, with no observational trace of an active galactic nucleus (AGN). We resolve molecular gas on scales of approximately 1-2 kpc, and our main finding is the discovery of a wing of blueshifted CO J(2→1) emission out to −1000 km s−1 relative to the stars. We argue that this is the molecular component of a multiphase outflow, expelled from the central starburst within the past 5 Myr through stellar feedback, although we cannot rule out previous AGN activity as a launching mechanism. If the latter is true, then this is an example of a relic multiphase AGN outflow. We estimate a molecular mass outflow rate of approximately 300 M☉ yr−1, or about one third of the 10 Myr-averaged star formation rate. This system epitomizes the multiphase 'blowout' episode following a dissipational major merger - a process that has violently quenched central star formation and supermassive black hole growth. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Merging

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Chandra X-ray constraints on the candidate ca-rich gap transient sn 2016hnk

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Sell, P.H. Arur, K. Maccarone, T.J. Kotak, R. Knigge, C. Sand, D.J. Valenti, S. Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas Heraklion Crete71110 Greece Physics Department & Institute of Theoretical & Computational Physics University of Crete Heraklion Crete71003 Greece Department of Physics Texas Tech University LubbockTX79409 United States Astrophysics Research Centre School of Mathematics & Physics Queen’s University Belfast BT7 1NN United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy University of Southampton Highfield SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory 933 North Cherry Avenue Room N204 TucsonAZ85721-0065 United States Department of Physics University of California 1 Shields Avenue DavisCA95616-5270 United States

We present a Chandra observation of SN 2016hnk, a candidate Ca-rich gap transient. This observation was specifically designed to test whether or not this transient was the result of the tidal detonation of a white dwarf by an intermediate-mass black hole. Since we detect no X-ray emission 28 days after the discovery of the transient, as predicted from fall-back accretion, we rule out this model. Our upper limit of ∼ 10 M☉ does not allow us to rule out a neutron star or stellar-mass black hole detonator due limits on the sensitivity of Chandra to soft X-rays and unconstrained variables tied to the structure of super-Eddington accretion disks. Together with other Chandra and multiwavelength observations, our analysis strongly argues against the intermediate-mass black hole tidal detonation scenario for Ca-rich gap transients more generally. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Detonation

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An overview from hygroscopic aerosols to cloud droplets: The HygrA-CD campaign in the Athens basin

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Science of The Total Environment 2017年 574卷 216-233页

作者： A. Papayannis A. Argyrouli A. Bougiatioti E. Remoundaki S. Vratolis A. Nenes S. Solomos M. Komppula E. Giannakaki J. Kalogiros R. Banks K. Eleftheriadis E. Mantas E. Diapouli C.G. Tzanis S. Kazadzis I. Binietoglou L. Labzovskii C.S. Zerefos Laser Remote Sensing Unit Physics Department School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences National Technical University of Athens 15780 Zografou Greece School of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta 30332 GA USA Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering School of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering National Technical University of Athens 15780 Zografou Greece ERL INRSTES N.C.S.R. Demokritos 15310 Agia Paraskevi Attiki Greece ICE-HT Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas 26504 Patras Greece Institute of Environmental Research and Sustainable Development National Observatory of Athens Athens Greece School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta 30332 GA USA Institute for Astronomy Astrophysics Space Applications and Remote Sensing National Observatory of Athens Athens Greece Finnish Meteorological Institute Kuopio Finland Department of Environmental Physics and Meteorology Faculty of Physics University of Athens Athens Greece Barcelona Supercomputing Center-Centro Nacional de Supercomputación (BSC-CNS) Earth Sciences Department Jordi Girona 29 Edificio Nexus II Barcelona Spain Environmental Modelling Laboratory Polytechnic University of Catalonia Barcelona Spain Climate Research Group Division of Environmental Physics and Meteorology Department of Physics National and Kapodistrian University of Athens 15784 Athens Greece Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos World Radiation Center Switzerland National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics Magurele Romania Research Center of Ecological Safety Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg Russia Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens Greece Navarino Environmental Observatory (N.E.O.) Messinia Greece

The international experimental campaign Hygroscopic Aerosols to Cloud Droplets (HygrA-CD), organized in the Greater Athens Area (GAA), Greece from 15 May to 22 June 2014, aimed to study the physico-chemical properties of aerosols and their impact on the formation of clouds in the convective Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL). We found that under continental (W-NW-N) and Etesian (NE) synoptic wind flow and with a deep moist PBL (~ 2–2.5 km height), mixed hygroscopic (anthropogenic, biomass burning and marine) particles arrive over the GAA, and contribute to the formation of convective non-precipitating PBL clouds (with droplets of ~ 16–20 μm mean diameter) with vertical extent up to 500 m. Under these conditions, high updraft velocities (1–2 m s − 1 ) and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations (~ 2000 cm − 3 at 1% supersaturation), generated clouds with an estimated cloud droplet number of ~ 600 cm − 3 . Under Saharan wind flow conditions (S-SW) a shallow PBL (< 1–1.2 km height) develops, leading to much higher CCN concentrations (~ 3500–5000 cm − 3 at 1% supersaturation) near the ground; updraft velocities, however, were significantly lower, with an estimated maximum cloud droplet number of ~ 200 cm − 3 and without observed significant PBL cloud formation. The largest contribution to cloud droplet number variance is attributed to the updraft velocity variability, followed by variances in aerosol number concentration.

关键词： Aerosol Raman lidar Doppler lidar Precipitation radar SMPS CCN Aerosol chemical properties WRF FLEXPART model Cloud development Cloud droplet number HygrA-CD Athens Greece

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