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An electron-transfer-tuning strategy at the graphene/metal interface for improving acidic water electrolysis in proton exchange membrane electrolyzers

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第4期103卷 344-352页

作者： Yue Xu Shuaidong Li Yingjian He Fumiya Shiokawa Samuel Jeong Aimi Asilah Haji Tajuddin Zeyu Xi Yoshikazu Ito Jingzi Zhang Zeyun Cai Xi Lin Kailong Hu School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data Harbin Institute of Technology Institute of Applied Physics Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba Institute of Special Environments Physical Sciences Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology

Graphene encapsulation has been shown to be an effective technique for improving the corrosion resistance of non-noble metal catalysts for the acidic water *** key challenge lies in enhancing the electrocatalytic activity of graphene-encapsulated metals while maintaining their durability in acidic ***,an electron-transfer-tuning strategy is investigated at the graphene/NiMo interface,aiming to improve the hydrogen evolution reaction（HER） performance of graphene-encapsulated NiMo *** doping of Ti,a low electronegativity element,into NiMo substrate was confirmed to increase electron transfer from the metal core toward the *** electron-rich state on graphene facilitates the adsorption of positively charged protons on graphene,thereby enabling a Pt/C-comparable performance in 0.5 M H2SO4,with only a 3.8% degradation in performance over a 120-h continuous *** proton exchange membrane（PEM） water electrolyzer assembled by the N-doped grapheneencapsulated Ti-doped NiMo exhibits a smaller cell voltage to achieve a current density of 2.0 A cm-2,in comparison to the Pt/C based *** study proposes a novel electron-transfer-tuning strategy to improve the HER activity of graphene-encapsulated non-noble metal catalysts without sacrificing durability in acidic electrolytes.

关键词： Acidic media Graphene encapsulation Hydrogen evolution Interface Proton exchange membrane

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Successive Interference Cancellation-Enabled Timely Status Update in Linear Multi-hop Wireless Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年第6期24卷 5298-5311页

作者： Han, Xinhui Pan, Haoyuan Wang, Zhaorui Li, Jianqiang Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen China Future Network of Intelligence Institute The School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen China Shenzhen University National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology The College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen China

We investigate the timely status update in linear multi-hop wireless networks, where a source tries to deliver status update packets to a destination through a sequence of half-duplex relays. Timeliness is measured by the age of information (AoI) metric. Maintaining a low AoI at the destination typically necessitates frequent transmission of update packets from the source. However, high packet transmission frequency in multi-hop scenarios can result in mutual wireless interference at intermediate relays. Specifically, when an intermediate relay receives wireless signals of a new packet from its previous node, simultaneous transmission of an old packet by its subsequent node to the next hop may cause wireless signals to interfere at the intermediate relay, conventionally leading to packet collision. A key motivation to solve this issue is that the intermediate relay has previously received the old packet (which can thus be forwarded to the subsequent node for further relaying). Hence, successive interference cancellation (SIC) can be employed to mitigate interference of the old packet and recover the new packet. This paper designs an SIC-enabled packet relaying scheme tailored to low AoI. Initially focusing on a three-hop network, we subsequently extend our approach to general multi-hop networks. We model the multi-hop relaying scheme using a Markov chain to derive the theoretical average AoI. Theoretical and simulation results indicate that the SIC-enabled packet relaying scheme significantly reduces the average AoI compared to the non-SIC approaches, owing to an increased packet transmission frequency at the source and the effectiveness of SIC techniques at the relays. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Markov chains

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DRL-Enabled Computation Offloading for AIGC Services in IIoT-Assisted Edge Computing Networks

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第9期12卷 12829-12844页

作者： Zhang, Xingxing Li, Shaobo Tang, Jianhang Zhu, Keyu Zhang, Yang Guizhou University State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guiyang550025 China National University of Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queenstown Singapore Guizhou Institute of Technology School of Big Data Guiyang550003 China Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing210016 China

The widespread application of AI-generated content (AIGC) services has driven demand for efficient computational resources, making effective task scheduling and computation offloading in edge computing (EC) environments a critical research topic. However, the high computational requirements and low latency demands of AIGC services, combined with the limitations of EC, present challenges for existing offloading methods, such as unstable decision making in dynamic task environments and resource overloading. Here, we propose a decentralized AIGC task offloading architecture within an IoT-assisted EC network to optimize the quality of AIGC services. In this architecture, we define a multiobjective joint optimization problem for AIGC task offloading, aiming to simultaneously optimize key performance metrics, such as task latency, energy efficiency, and load balancing. To address this problem, we introduce an improved proximal policy optimization (PPO)-based deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm, named TOPPO. By incorporating a policy update step size constraint and a clipping mechanism, TOPPO significantly enhances the stability of the training process and reduces fluctuations during policy updates. Additionally, the algorithm integrates an LSTM model to improve its ability to handle temporal dependencies. Through continuous interaction between the model and the environment, the offloading strategy is iteratively updated to ensure that diverse AIGC tasks are efficiently executed on IoT devices or edge servers. Extensive simulations and performance evaluations demonstrate that the proposed method achieves significant improvements in task latency, energy consumption, and load management during AIGC task processing. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Computation offloading

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First-principles investigation of adhesion strength and interfacial bonding in Mg/X(X=Ti,Zr,Hf,V,Nd,Cr,Mo,Mn,and Fe)interface

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2025年第1期13卷 83-89页

作者： Longke Bao Zhifu Yao Yuhui Zhang Cuiping Wang Kaihong Zheng Rongpei Shi Xingjun Liu Fusheng Pan State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China College of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Materials Genome and Big DataHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute of New Materials Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China College of Materials Science and Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China

Magnesium alloys have gained extensive applications across various industries,including aerospace,transportation,and civil construction,owing to their excellent combinations of high specific strength and stiffness[1].However,their lim-ited strength due to the lack of effective strengthening phases has hindered their broader industrial applications[2].Never-theless,it has been challenging to achieve significant strength-ening due to the restricted solubility of alloying elements in magnesium[3].Thus,more and more efforts have been made to explore the concept of secondary phase-reinforced magne-sium alloys[2,4,5],where the secondary phase acts as re-inforcing agents within the magnesium matrix,resembling a composite material.

关键词： adhesion strength interfacial bonding aluminum alloys industrial applications solubility strengthening phases alloying elements Mg X interfaces

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A sharding blockchain-based UAV system for search and rescue missions

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Frontiers of Computer science 2025年第3期19卷 103-118页

作者： Xihan ZHANG Jiashuo ZHANG Jianbo GAO Libin XIA Zhi GUAN Hao HU Zhong CHEN School of Computer Science Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking University Chongqing Research Institute of Big Data Chongqing 401329China National Engineering Research Center for Software Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Sharding is a promising technique to tackle the critical weakness of scalability in blockchain-based unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)search and rescue(SAR)*** breaking up the blockchain network into smaller partitions called shards that run independently and in parallel,shardingbased UAV systems can support a large number of search and rescue UAVs with improved scalability,thereby enhancing the rescue ***,the lack of adaptability and interoperability still hinder the application of sharded blockchain in UAV SAR *** refers to making adjustments to the blockchain towards real-time surrounding situations,while interoperability refers to making cross-shard interactions at the mission *** address the above challenges,we propose a blockchain UAV system for SAR missions based on dynamic sharding *** from the benefits in scalability brought by sharding,our system improves adaptability by dynamically creating configurable and mission-exclusive shards,and improves interoperability by supporting calls between smart contracts that are deployed on different *** implement a prototype of our system based on Quorum,give an analysis of the improved adaptability and interoperability,and conduct experiments to evaluate the *** results show our system can achieve the above goals and overcome the weakness of blockchain-based UAV systems in SAR scenarios.

关键词： blockchain sharding unmanned aerial vehicle search and rescue blockchain interoperability

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Readout electronics for the gamma detector of the HIRFL-CSR external target facility

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2025年第2期36卷 71-81页

作者： Xian-Qin Li Hai-Bo Yang Xiao-Meng Ma Chao-Jie Zou Tao Liu Xian-Cai Zhou Duo Yan Yang-Zhou Su Shu-Wen Tang Shi-Tao Wang Yu-Hong Yu Zhi-Yu Sun Cheng-Xin Zhao Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China School of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

The Cooling Storage Ring of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL-CSR)was constructed to study nuclear physics,atomic physics,interdisciplinary science,and related *** External Target Facility(ETF)is located in the main ring of the *** gamma detector of the ETF is built to measure emitted gamma rays with energies below 5 MeV in the center-of-mass frame and is planned to measure light fragments with energies up to 300 *** readout electronics for the gamma detector were designed and *** readout electronics consist of thirty-two front-end cards,thirty-two readout control units(RCUs),one common readout unit,one synchronization&clock unit,and one sub-trigger *** using the real-time peak-detection algorithm implemented in the RCU,the data volume can be significantly *** addition,trigger logic selection algorithms are implemented to improve the selection of useful events and reduce the data *** test results show that the integral nonlinearity of the readout electronics is less than 1%,and the energy resolution for measuring the 60 Co source is better than 5.5%.This study discusses the design and performance of the readout electronics.

关键词： HIRFL-CSR Gamma detector External target facility Readout electronics Readout control unit Common readout unit Peak-detection algorithm

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An Entorhinal-Hippocampal Loop Model Based on Non-negative Sparse Coding

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series B 2025年第1期106卷 113-127页

作者： Zhao, Kaixin Ren, Menghui College of Computer Science and Technology Henan Institute of Technology Xinxiang453003 China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou450001 China Manufacturing IoT Big Data Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province Xinxiang453003 China

In our study, we investigate how the brain maps environmental spaces into understandable maps through hippocampal place cells and entorhinal cortex grid cells. We uncover that the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex are not just directly connected but also engage in a sophisticated feedback loop crucial for spatial encoding during navigation. We developed an innovative network model based on this feedback mechanism, linking entorhinal inputs to hippocampal spatial encoding cells through a non-negative sparse coding, using grid cells and weak spatial cells as inputs. Our findings demonstrate that the model learns and adjusts the characteristics of spatial encoding cells, successfully learning the specific spatial selectivities of place cells even with inputs from cells carrying weaker spatial information. This highlights the critical role of feedback encoding in refining spatial representations, an indispensable component of the brain’s navigation system. Moreover, experiments comparing our model with others validate our model’s exceptional ability in generating precise spatial encodings, underscoring its superiority. This research not only deepens our understanding of the brain’s navigational mechanisms but also offers a robust computational framework for future neuroscience studies, emphasizing the intricate interplay between feedback loops and spatial encoding in the brain’s navigation system. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2024.

关键词： Brain

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MPNAS: Multimodal Sentiment Analysis Pruning via Neural Architecture Search

MPNAS: Multimodal Sentiment Analysis Pruning via Neural Arch...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Zhang, Binyan Ren, Ao Zhang, Zihao Duan, Moming Liu, Duo Tan, Yujuan Zhong, Kan College of Computer Science Chongqing University Chongqing China School of Big Data Software & Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China Institute of Data Science National University of Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

With the rapid development of social media, sentiment analysis from multimodal posts has garnered significant attention in recent years. However, the substantial size of these models impedes their deployment on resource-constrained embedded devices. Although pruning has been extensively studied to reduce the size of unimodal models, specific challenges remain for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA) models. First, existing techniques prune fixed original models into sparse models, while our findings indicate that different model architectures of identical size yield varying performance outcomes. Second, prior studies fail to explore the unique characteristics of MSA models, resulting in suboptimal pruning performance. To address these challenges, we propose MPNAS, a unified pruning framework via Neural Architecture Search (NAS) for MSA models. Specifically, we formulate pruning as a NAS problem and analyze MSA model characteristics to guide the subnet search. We conduct an initial coarse-grained NAS on the original model, expanding the search space slightly to identify suitable subnets that enhance pruning rates and accuracy. Subsequently, we refine coarse-grained subnets in a fine-grained NAS stage, where MSA model characteristics guide the search process. Extensive experiments on three representative datasets demonstrate the superiority of our approach over existing methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Multimodal Compression NAS

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Gupacker: Generalized Unpacking Framework for Android Malware

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IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 2025年 20卷 4338-4352页

作者： Zheng, Tao Hou, Qiyu Chen, Xingshu Ren, Hao Li, Meng Li, Hongwei Shen, Changxiang Sichuan University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Chengdu610065 China Sichuan University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Cyber Science Research Institute Key Laboratory of Data Protection and Intelligent Management Ministry of Education Chengdu610065 China Hefei University of Technology Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data Ministry of Education Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei230002 China University of Padua Department of Mathematics HIT Center Padua35131 Italy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Engineering Chengdu611731 China Sichuan University Cyber Science Research Institute Key Laboratory of Data Protection and Intelligent Management Ministry of Education Chengdu610065 China

Android malware authors often use packers to evade analysis. Although many unpacking tools have been proposed, they face two significant challenges: 1) They are easily impeded by anti-analysis techniques employed by packers, preventing efficient collection of hidden Dex data. 2) They are typically designed to unpack a specific packer and cannot handle malware packed with mixed packers. Consequently, many packed malware samples evade detection. To bridge this gap, we propose Gupacker , a novel generalized unpacking framework. Gupacker offers a generic solution for first-generation holistic packer by customizing the Android system source code. It identifies the type of packer and selects an appropriate unpacking function, constructs a deeper active call chain to achieve generic unpacking of second-generation function extraction packers, and uses JNI function and instruction monitoring to handle third-generation virtual obfuscation packer. On this basis, we counteract a diverse array of anti-analysis techniques. We conduct extensive experiments on 5K packed Android malware samples, comparing Gupacker with 2 commercial and 4 state-of-the-art academic unpacking tools. The results demonstrate that Gupacker significantly improves the efficiency of Android malware unpacking with acceptable system overhead. We analyze real packed applications based on Gupacker and found several are second-packed by attackers, including WPS for Android, with tens of millions of users. We receive and responsibly report 13 0day vulnerabilities and also assist in the remediation of all vulnerabilities. © 2005-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Android malware

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A Novel Community Detection Algorithm Based on Node Propagation and Attraction

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 69161-69174页

作者： Fu, Lidong Xie, Xinxing Dou, Zengfa Bai, Yun Zhao, Xi Xi'an University of Science and Technology College of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an710600 China Qinghai Institute of Technology School of Computer and Information Science Xining810016 China Xi'an University School of Information Engineering Xi'an710065 China Xi'an Big Data Service Center Xi'an710007 China

High-quality community detection in complex networks typically relies on the similarity between nodes to select communities. However, when a node exhibits the same similarity with different communities, it becomes ambiguous to determining the optimal community assignment for that node, potentially leading to incorrect predictions and affecting the accuracy of community assignments for other nodes. To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel community detection algorithm based on node propagation and attraction. The algorithm first introduces a node propagation strategy, which identifies high-propagation nodes based on their connectivity and core attributes. These high-propagation nodes form the initial backbone and framework of communities, minimizing the interference of low-propagation nodes on community structure. Subsequently, an attraction definition is introduced, which starts from high-propagation nodes to select partitioning methods based on their relationships with neighboring nodes, using the attraction among these nodes facilitate community organization and propagation, aiming to enhance community quality. Finally, in the community optimization phase, the algorithm effectively improves the accuracy of partitions that result from similar attractions by considering the association degree between nodes and communities. Experimental results demonstrate that, on both synthetic and real networks, the proposed algorithm outperforms various existing community detection algorithms. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

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