检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

arXiv 2018年

作者： Guerrera, Danilo Cabezón, Rubén M. Piccinali, Jean-Guillaume Cavelan, Aurélien Ciorba, Florina M. Imbert, David Mayer, Lucio Reed, Darren Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Basel Switzerland University of Basel Switzerland Scientific Computing Support Swiss National Supercomputing Centre Lugano Switzerland Nextflow Software Nantes France Center for Theoretical Astrophysics and Cosmology Institute for Computational Science University of Zürich Switzerland

The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) technique is a purely Lagrangian method, used in numerical simulations of fluids in astrophysics and computational fluid dynamics, among many other fields. SPH simulations with detailed physics represent computationally-demanding calculations. The parallelization of SPH codes is not trivial due to the absence of a structured grid. Additionally, the performance of the SPH codes can be, in general, adversely impacted by several factors, such as multiple time-stepping, long-range interactions, and/or boundary conditions. This work presents insights into the current performance and functionalities of three SPH codes: SPHYNX, ChaNGa, and SPH-flow. These codes are the starting point of an interdisciplinary co-design project, SPH-EXA, for the development of an Exascale-ready SPH mini-app. To gain such insights, a rotating square patch test was implemented as a common test simulation for the three SPH codes and analyzed on two modern HPC systems. Furthermore, to stress the differences with the codes stemming from the astrophysics community (SPHYNX and ChaNGa), an additional test case, the Evrard collapse, has also been carried out. This work extrapolates the common basic SPH features in the three codes for the purpose of consolidating them into a pure-SPH, Exascale-ready, optimized, mini-app. Moreover, the outcome of this serves as direct feedback to the parent codes, to improve their performance and overall scalability. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrodynamics

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Spectral convergence of the stochastic galerkin approximation to the boltzmann equation with multiple scales and large random perturbation in the collision kernel

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Daus, Esther S. Jin, Shi Liu, Liu Institute for Analysis and Scientific Computing Vienna University of Technology Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10 Wien1040 Austria School of Mathematical Sciences Institute of Natural Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78705 United States

In [L. Liu and S. Jin, Multiscale Model. Simult., 16, 1085-1114, 2018], spectral convergence and long-Time decay of the numerical solution to-wards the global equilibrium of the stochastic Galerkin approximation for the Boltzmann equation with random inputs in the initial data and collision kernel for hard potentials and Maxwellian molecules under Grad's angular cutoff were established using the hypocoercive properties of the collisional kinetic model. One assumption for the random perturbation of the collision kernel is that the perturbation is in the order of the Knudsen number, which can be very small in the fluid dynamical regime. In this article, we remove this smallness assumption, and establish the same results but now for random perturbations of the collision kernel that can be of order one. The new analysis relies on the establishment of a spectral gap for the numerical collision *** Codes 35Q20, 65M70 Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Toward single particle reconstruction without particle picking: Breaking the detection limit

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Bendory, Tamir Boumal, Nicolas Leeb, William Levin, Eitan Singer, Amit The School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Lausanne Switzerland School of Mathematics University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN United States Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA United States The Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Department of Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ United States

Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has recently joined X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy as a high-resolution structural method to resolve biological macromolecules. In a cryo-EM experiment, the microscope produces images called micrographs. Projections of the molecule of interest are embedded in the micrographs at unknown locations, and under unknown viewing directions. Standard imaging techniques first locate these projections (detection) and then reconstruct the 3-D structure from them. Unfortunately, high noise levels hinder detection. When reliable detection is rendered impossible, the standard techniques fail. This is a problem, especially for small molecules. In this paper, we pursue a radically different approach: we contend that the structure could, in principle, be reconstructed directly from the micrographs, without intermediate detection. The aim is to bring small molecules within reach for cryo-EM. To this end, we design an autocorrelation analysis technique that allows to go directly from the micrographs to the sought structures. This involves only one pass over the micrographs, allowing online, streaming processing for large experiments. We show numerical results and discuss challenges that lay ahead to turn this proof-of-concept into a complementary approach to state-of-the-art algorithms. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： X ray crystallography

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Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier CF6 White Paper: Multi-Experiment Probes for Dark Energy - Transients

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Kim, Alex G. Palmese, Antonella Pereira, Maria E.S. Aldering, Greg Andrade-Oliveira, Felipe Annis, James Bailey, Stephen BenZvi, Segev Braga-Neto, Ulysses Courbin, Frédéric Garcia, Alyssa Jeffery, David Narayan, Gautham Perlmutter, Saul Soares-Santos, Marcelle Treu, Tommaso Wang, Lifan Aguiar, Odylio D. Akrami, Yashar Birrer, Simon Bom, Clécio R. Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth Cabuk, Nazim Cabuk, Senem Cadonati, Laura Caliskan, Mesut Chen, Thomas Y. Davis, Tamara M. Eskilt, Johannes R. Esteves, Johnny Ferraro, Simone Fisher, Robert Gamezo, Vadim N. García-Bellido, Juan Gill, Mandeep S.S. Herner, Kenneth Huterer, Dragan Ishak, Mustapha Iyer, Bala Jin, Shang-Jie Kilpatrick, Charles D. Koopmans, Léon V.E. Lagos, Macarena Lahav, Ofer Makler, Martín Nugent, Peter Nunes, Rafael C. Poludnenko, Alexei Y. Radice, David Rao, Suvrat Santana-Silva, Luidhy Sasaki, Misao Sathyaprakash, Bangalore Shafieloo, Arman Shao, Lijing Sherman, Nora Singh, Rajeev Smith, Joshua Tohuvavohu, Aaron Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley94720 CA United States Department of Physics University of California Berkeley 366 LeConte Hall MC 7300 BerkeleyCA94720 United States NASA Einstein Germany Hamburger Sternwarte Universität Hamburg Gojenbergsweg 112 Hamburg21029 Germany Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory P. O. Box 500 BataviaIL60510 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M University College StationTX77845 United States Observatoire de Sauverny Versoix1290 Switzerland Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nevada United States University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California Los AngelesCA90095-1547 United States Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais São José dos Campos São Paulo12227-010 Brazil CERCA ISO Department of Physics Case Western Reserve University 10900 Euclid Avenue ClevelandOH44106 United States Department of Physics Imperial College London Blackett Laboratory Prince Consort Road LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Laboratoire de Physique de l'École Normale Supérieure ENS Université PSL CNRS Sorbonne Université Université de Paris ParisF-75005 France Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Department of Physics Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150 RJ Rio de JaneiroCEP 22290-180 Brazil Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Faculty of Engineering Department of Physics Engineering Ankara University Turkey Faculty of Science Department of Astronomy and Space Sciences Ankara University Turkey Center for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physics Georgia Inst

This invited Snowmass 2021 White Paper highlights the power of joint-analysis of astronomical transients in advancing HEP Science and presents research activities that can realize the opportunities that come with current and upcoming projects. Transients of interest include gravitational wave events, neutrino events, strongly-lensed quasars and supernovae, and Type Ia supernovae specifically. These transients can serve as probes of cosmological distances in the Universe and as cosmic laboratories of extreme strong-gravity, high-energy physics. Joint analysis refers to work that requires significant coordination from multiple experiments or facilities so encompasses Multi-Messenger Astronomy and optical transient discovery and distributed follow-up programs. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Probes

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Comparative and demographic analysis of orang-utan genomes (vol 469, pg 529, 2011)

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NATURE 2022年第7924期608卷 E36-E36页

作者： Locke, Devin P. Hillier, LaDeana W. Warren, Wesley C. Worley, Kim C. Nazareth, Lynne V. Muzny, Donna M. Yang, Shiaw-Pyng Wang, Zhengyuan Chinwalla, Asif T. Minx, Pat Mitreva, Makedonka Cook, Lisa Delehaunty, Kim D. Fronick, Catrina Schmidt, Heather Fulton, Lucinda A. Fulton, Robert S. Nelson, Joanne O. Magrini, Vincent Pohl, Craig Graves, Tina A. Markovic, Chris Cree, Andy Dinh, Huyen H. Hume, Jennifer Kovar, Christie L. Fowler, Gerald R. Lunter, Gerton Meader, Stephen Heger, Andreas Ponting, Chris P. Marques-Bonet, Tomas Alkan, Can Chen, Lin Cheng, Ze Kidd, Jeffrey M. Eichler, Evan E. White, Simon Searle, Stephen Vilella, Albert J. Chen, Yuan Flicek, Paul Ma, Jian Raney, Brian Suh, Bernard Burhans, Richard Herrero, Javier Haussler, David Faria, Rui Fernando, Olga Darre, Fleur Farre, Domenec Gazave, Elodie Oliva, Meritxell Navarro, Arcadi Roberto, Roberta Capozzi, Oronzo Archidiacono, Nicoletta Della Valle, Giuliano Purgato, Stefania Rocchi, Mariano Konkel, Miriam K. Walker, Jerilyn A. Ullmer, Brygg Batzer, Mark A. Smit, Arian F. A. Hubley, Robert Casola, Claudio Schrider, Daniel R. Hahn, Matthew W. Quesada, Victor Puente, Xose S. Ordonez, Gonzalo R. Lopez-Otin, Carlos Vinar, Tomas Brejova, Brona Ratan, Aakrosh Harris, Robert S. Miller, Webb Kosiol, Carolin Lawson, Heather A. Taliwal, Vikas Martins, Andre L. Siepel, Adam RoyChoudhury, Arindam Ma, Xin Degenhardt, Jeremiah Bustamante, Carlos D. Gutenkunst, Ryan N. Mailund, Thomas Dutheil, Julien Y. Hobolth, Asger Schierup, Mikkel H. Ryder, Oliver A. Yoshinaga, Yuko de Jong, Pieter J. Weinstock, George M. Rogers, Jeffrey Mardis, Elaine R. Gibbs, Richard A. Wilson, Richard K. The Genome Center at Washington University Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA Human Genome Sequencing Center Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of Medicine One Baylor Plaza Houston Texas USA MRC Functional Genomics Unit and Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics University of Oxford Le Gros Clark Building Oxford UK Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics Oxford UK Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle Washington USA IBE Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC) Universitat Pompeu Fabra PRBB Doctor Aiguader 88 Barcelona Spain Howard Hughes Medical Institute Seattle Washington USA CIBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos Universidade do Porto Campus Agrário de Vairão Vairão Portugal Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica Universidade Nova de Lisboa Oeiras Portugal ICREA (Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats) and INB (Instituto Nacional de Bioinformática) PRBB Doctor Aiguader 88 Barcelona Spain Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Cambridge UK European Bioinformatics Institute Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Hinxton Cambridge UK Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering University of California Santa Cruz California USA Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics Penn State University University Park Pennsylvania USA Department of Biology University of Bari Bari Italy Department of Biology University of Bologna Bologna Italy Department of Biological Sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Center for Computation and Technology Department of Computer Sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Institute for Systems Biology Seattle Washington USA Department of Biology and School of Informatics and Computing Indiana University Bloomington Indiana USA Instituto Universitario de Oncologia Departamento de Bioquimica y Biol

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Joint base station clustering and beamforming for non-orthogonal multicast and unicast transmission with backhaul constraints

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Chen, Erkai Tao, Meixia Liu, Ya-Feng Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

The demand for providing multicast services in cellular networks is continuously and fastly increasing. In this work, we propose a non-orthogonal transmission framework based on layered-division multiplexing (LDM) to support multicast and unicast services concurrently in cooperative multi-cell cellular networks with limited backhaul capacity. We adopt a two-layer LDM structure where the first layer is intended for multicast services, the second layer is for unicast services, and the two layers are superposed with different beamformers. Each user decodes the multicast message first, subtracts it, and then decodes its dedicated unicast message. We formulate a joint multicast and unicast beamforming problem with adaptive base station clustering that aims to maximize the weighted sum of the multicast rate and the unicast rate under per-BS power and backhaul constraints. To solve the problem, we first develop a branch-and-bound algorithm to find its global optimum. We then reformulate the problem as a sparse beamforming problem and propose a low-complexity algorithm based on convex-concave procedure. Simulation results demonstrate the significant superiority of the proposed LDM-based non-orthogonal scheme over orthogonal schemes in terms of the achievable multicast-unicast rate region. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Beamforming

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Mixed frameworks and structure preserving integration for coupled electro-elastodynamics

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PAMM 2019年第1期19卷

作者： Marlon Franke Rogelio Ortigosa Alexander Janz Antonio J. Gil Peter Betsch Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Mechanics Otto-Ammann-Platz 9 76131 Karlsruhe Germany Technical University of Cartagena Computational Mechanics & Scientific Computing Group 30202 Cartagena Spain Swansea University Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering Fabian Way Swansea SA1 8EN United Kingdom

In the present contribution new approaches for the design of structure preserving time integrators for nonlinear coupled problems are proposed. Polyconvexity inspired energy functionals are obtained by using the rediscovered tensor cross product which greatly simplifies the algebra, see [1]. In this connection an extended kinematic set, consisting of the right Cauchy-Green tensor, its co-factor and its Jacobian, is introduced. On this basis coupled problems like e.g. non-linear thermo-elastodynamics, see [2] or electro-elastodynamics, see [3], can be considered. Furthermore the formulations are readily extendible for mixed Hu-Washizu type formulations where the extended kinematic set is introduced as unknown field. In particular in [1] an elegant cascade system of kinematic constraints was introduced for elastodynamics, crucial for the satisfaction of the required conservation properties of a new family of energy momentum (EM) consistent time integrators. The objective of the present contribution is the introduction of new mixed variational principles for EM consistent time integrators in electro-elastodynamics, hence bridging the gap between the previous works [3] and [1], opening the possibility to a variety of new finite element implementations, see [4]. The following characteristics of the proposed EM consistent time integrator make it very appealing: (i) the new family of time integrators can be shown to be thermodynamically consistent and second order accurate; (ii) piecewise discontinuous interpolation of the mixed fields is carried out in order to obtain a computational cost comparable to that of standard displacement, electric potential formulations. Eventually, the superior numerical performance of the proposed formulation is demonstrated.

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SPT clusters with DES and HST weak lensing. II. Cosmological constraints from the abundance of massive halos

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Physical Review D 2024年第8期110卷 083510页

作者： S. Bocquet S. Grandis L. E. Bleem M. Klein J. J. Mohr T. Schrabback T. M. C. Abbott P. A. R. Ade M. Aguena A. Alarcon S. Allam S. W. Allen O. Alves A. Amon A. J. Anderson J. Annis B. Ansarinejad J. E. Austermann S. Avila D. Bacon M. Bayliss J. A. Beall K. Bechtol M. R. Becker A. N. Bender B. A. Benson G. M. Bernstein S. Bhargava F. Bianchini M. Brodwin D. Brooks L. Bryant A. Campos R. E. A. Canning J. E. Carlstrom A. Carnero Rosell M. Carrasco Kind J. Carretero F. J. Castander R. Cawthon C. L. Chang C. Chang P. Chaubal R. Chen H. C. Chiang A. Choi T-L. Chou R. Citron C. Corbett Moran J. Cordero M. Costanzi T. M. Crawford A. T. Crites L. N. da Costa M. E. S. Pereira C. Davis T. M. Davis J. DeRose S. Desai T. de Haan H. T. Diehl M. A. Dobbs S. Dodelson C. Doux A. Drlica-Wagner K. Eckert J. Elvin-Poole S. Everett W. Everett I. Ferrero A. Ferté A. M. Flores J. Frieman J. Gallicchio J. García-Bellido M. Gatti E. M. George G. Giannini M. D. Gladders D. Gruen R. A. Gruendl N. Gupta G. Gutierrez N. W. Halverson I. Harrison W. G. Hartley K. Herner S. R. Hinton G. P. Holder D. L. Hollowood W. L. Holzapfel K. Honscheid J. D. Hrubes N. Huang J. Hubmayr E. M. Huff D. Huterer K. D. Irwin D. J. James M. Jarvis G. Khullar K. Kim L. Knox R. Kraft E. Krause K. Kuehn N. Kuropatkin F. Kéruzoré O. Lahav A. T. Lee P.-F. Leget D. Li H. Lin A. Lowitz N. MacCrann G. Mahler A. Mantz J. L. Marshall J. McCullough M. McDonald J. J. McMahon J. Mena-Fernández F. Menanteau S. S. Meyer R. Miquel J. Montgomery J. Myles T. Natoli A. Navarro-Alsina J. P. Nibarger G. I. Noble V. Novosad R. L. C. Ogando Y. Omori S. Padin S. Pandey P. Paschos S. Patil A. Pieres A. A. Plazas Malagón A. Porredon J. Prat C. Pryke M. Raveri C. L. Reichardt J. Roberson R. P. Rollins C. Romero A. Roodman J. E. Ruhl E. S. Rykoff B. R. Saliwanchik L. Salvati C. Sánchez E. Sanchez D. Sanchez Cid A. Saro K. K. Schaffer L. F. Secco I. Sevilla-Noarbe K. Sharon E. Sheldon T. Shin C. Sievers G. Smecher M. Smith T. Somboonpanyakul M. Sommer B. Stalder A. A. Stark J. Stephen V. Straz University Observatory Faculty of Physics Universität Innsbruck Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik Technikerstraße 25/8 6020 Innsbruck Austria High-Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 USA Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue Chicago Illinois 60637 USA Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Gießenbachstraße 1 85748 Garching Germany Argelander-Institut für Astronomie Auf dem Hügel 71 53121 Bonn Germany Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory Casilla 603 La Serena Chile School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3YB United Kingdom Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia—LIneA Rua Gal. José Cristino 77 Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro—20921-400 Brazil Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory P. O. Box 500 Batavia Illinois 60510 USA Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Stanford University 452 Lomita Mall Stanford California 94305 USA Department of Physics Stanford University 382 Via Pueblo Mall Stanford California 94305 USA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park California 94025 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA Institute of Astronomy University of Cambridge Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0HA United Kingdom Kavli Institute for Cosmology University of Cambridge Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0HA United Kingdom School of Physics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia NIST Quantum Devices Group 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03 Boulder Colorado 80305 USA Department of Physics University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Campus UAB 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation University of Portsmouth Portsmouth

We present cosmological constraints from the abundance of galaxy clusters selected via the thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) effect in South Pole Telescope (SPT) data with a simultaneous mass calibration using weak gravitational lensing data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The cluster sample is constructed from the combined SPT-SZ, SPTpol ECS, and SPTpol 500d surveys, and comprises 1,005 confirmed clusters in the redshift range 0.25–1.78 over a total sky area of 5200 deg2. We use DES Year 3 weak-lensing data for 688 clusters with redshifts z<0.95 and HST weak-lensing data for 39 clusters with 0.6

关键词： Cosmological parameters Dark energy Large scale structure of the Universe Galaxy clusters

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An adaptive moving mesh discontinuous Galerkin method for the radiative transfer equation

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2018年

作者： Zhang, Min Cheng, Juan Huang, Weizhang Qiu, Jianxian School of Mathematical Sciences Xiamen University XiamenFujian361005 China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing100094 China Department of Mathematics University of Kansas LawrenceKS66045 United States School of Mathematical Sciences Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling and High-Performance Scientific Computing Xiamen University XiamenFujian361005 China

The radiative transfer equation models the interaction of radiation with scattering and absorbing media and has important applications in various fields in science and engineering. It is an integro-differential equation involving time, space and angular variables and contains an integral term in angular directions while being hyperbolic in space. The challenges for its numerical solution include the needs to handle with its high dimensionality, the presence of the integral term, and the development of discontinuities and sharp layers in its solution along spatial directions. Its numerical solution is studied in this paper using an adaptive moving mesh discontinuous Galerkin method for spatial discretization together with the discrete ordinate method for angular discretization. The former employs a dynamic mesh adaptation strategy based on moving mesh partial differential equations to improve computational accuracy and efficiency. Its mesh adaptation ability, accuracy, and efficiency are demonstrated in a selection of one- and two-dimensional numerical *** Codes 65M50, 65M60, 65M70, 65R05, 65.75 Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Radiative transfer

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A minimal mechanosensing model predicts keratocyte evolution on flexible substrates

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2018年

作者： Zhang, Zhiwen Rosakis, Phoebus Hou, Thomas Y. Ravichandran, Guruswami Department of Mathematics The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR Hong Kong Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of Crete Heraklion Crete70013 Greece Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas Voutes Crete70013 Greece Computing and Mathematical Sciences California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Division of Engineering and Applied Science California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States

A mathematical model is proposed for shape evolution and locomotion of fish epidermal keratocytes on elastic substrates. The model is based on mechanosensing concepts: cells apply contractile forces onto the elastic substrate, while cell shape evolution depends locally on the substrate stress generated by themselves or external mechanical stimuli acting on the substrate. We use the level set method to study the behavior of the model numerically, and predict a number of distinct phenomena observed in experiments, such as (i) symmetry breaking from the stationary centrosymmetric to the well-known steadily propagating crescent shape, (ii) asymmetric bipedal oscillations and traveling waves in the lamellipodium leading edge (iii) response to mechanical stress externally applied to the substrate (tensotaxis), (iv) changing direction of motion towards an interface with a rigid substrate (durotaxis) and (v) the configuration of substrate wrinkles induced by contractile forces applied by the keratocyte. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Substrates

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