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Critical assessment of opal mining techniques, tools, market system, environmental impact challenges, and prospects — A systematic review

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Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2025年第6期18卷 1-14页

作者： Adamu, Anteneh Yayeh Eneyew, Demessie Mulu Ejigu, Assamen Ayalew Dubiniewicz, Andrzej Kajetan Endalew, Sisay Awoke Nigussie, Asmare Belay Amognehegn, Asnake Enawgaw School of Civil and Water Resource Engineering & Architecture Kombolcha Institute of Technology Kombolcha Ethiopia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kombolcha Institute of Technology Kombolcha Ethiopia Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun Poland Department of Chemistry College of Natural Science Wollo University Dessie Ethiopia

The study presents the existing challenges in opal mining in the Delanta area (mining methods, tools, market system, and environmental impact) and provides possible recommendations to overcome these challenges. Literature review, data collection, field survey, and data analysis were used as methods for this study. Environmental impact assessment also applied in the study area. Based on the study, the opal mining system in the Delanta area is performed in traditional ways and this method is not benefiting the local miners as well as the country. In the area, due to roof collapse of mining sites, three to eight artesian small-scale miners are dying each year. Opal quality deterioration (wastes locally called Ajara) because of cracking is the other main challenge in the study area. Moreover, environmental problems such as deforestation, concealed underground channels, landslides, the loss of numerous species’ habitats, annihilation of flora, land degradation, soil erosion and pollution, water pollution, air pollution, downstream sedimentation, and the covering of topsoil on agricultural land, which affects the farming system are the main findings of this study. In the study area, only 3% of the opal is processed, while 97% is rough, and this results in loss of income for the country. Finally, the study indicated the possible solutions in opal exploration and mining methods, as well as market system for the safe and sustainable extraction of Delanta opal resources. The study recommended for future work to design a safe mining method, a ventilation shaft, develop a smartphone app for quality grading and branding for selling, developing a low-cost opal cutting and polishing machine for value addition, and establishing training centers. In addition, the sector in the area also needs solar systems planting for lighting of mining sites, design and development of waste soil removal technology/conveyors and hammers for safe mining, sustainable development and management.

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Implementation and Comparison of SiC and GaN switches for EV Fast Recharging Systems

Implementation and Comparison of SiC and GaN switches for EV...

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2023 IEEE Asia Meeting on Environment and Electrical engineering, EEE-AM 2023

作者： Scire, Daniele Garraffa, Giovanni Lullo, Giuseppe Vitale, Gianpaolo Cusumano, Pasquale Calabretta, Michele Alberto Messina, Angelo Costantino, Giuseppe Busacca, Alessandro Sferlazza, Antonino University of Palermo Department of Engineering Palermo Italy University of Enna Kore Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Enna Italy National Research Council of Italy Institute for High Performance Computer and Networking Palermo Italy STMicroelectronics Adg Power and Discretes R&d Division Catania Italy STMicroelectronics R&d and Public Affairs Catania Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350381061

Wide bandgap material-based devices allow faster switching frequency and exhibit smaller losses than traditional Si devices;nevertheless, a complete understanding of the functioning of these new devices remains poorly understood. A fast battery charger for electric vehicles based on a converter employing SiC and GaN devices is here reported Besides, these two technologies are experimentally compared, in the same layout, to highlights their performance in terms of electrical dynamic and electromagnetic compatibility. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Silicon carbide

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Analyze Urban Area Density As A Measure of Urban Reconstruction 6

Analyze Urban Area Density As A Measure of Urban Reconstruct...

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6th International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies, ISMSIT 2022

作者： Al-Adday, A.R. Abdulkadhim, Adnan H Al-Shebillawy, E J Al-Mossawy, B A Technical Engineering College Al-Ayen University Department of Computer Engineering Thi-QarP.O 64001 Iraq Institute of Architecture of Volgograd State Technological University 1 Akademicheskaya Street VolgogradP.O 400074 Russia

ISBN: (数字)9781665470131

ISBN: (纸本)9781665470131

This paper suggests that urban densification is the optimal response to the issues associated with urban expansion. It is one of the axes upon which the sustainability of cities and the majority of modern planning theories are founded. As almost all ideas are devoid of the concept of urban densification, which contributes to limiting unexamined urban sprawl, preventing the consumption of land surrounding the city, and managing growth innovatively and sustainably, the research problem arose, which states that the gradual, unexamined urban development in the town led to Problems through unsustainable urban sprawl that led to the consumption of agricultural lands surrounding the city. Five important axes: (the axis of inclusion, the axis of multiple ground uses, green areas, social integration, and the axis of transportation. As each hand in the study area was analysed using the indicators extracted from the theoretical framework and applied to the study area (a portion of the city of Nasiriyah), it was determined that the axis of the diversity of land uses achieved the lowest ratio due to the dominance of horizontal style uses and the consumption of agricultural lands. Urban expansion, the research concluded with a set of proposals and planning alternatives proposed by the researcher through the application of densification on the secondary centre and the filling of vacant areas in addition to densifying the corridors and nodes associated with the secondary centre to improve the reality of the city and draw attention by researchers to the significance of the subject of study. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Image classification

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Phase-field modeling and effective simulation of non-isothermal reactive transport

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Bringedal, Carina Jaust, Alexander Department of Computer science Electrical engineering and Mathematical sciences Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Norway Institute for Modelling Hydraulic and Environmental Systems University of Stuttgart Germany Institute for Parallel and Distributed Systems University of Stuttgart Germany

We consider single-phase flow with solute transport where ions in the fluid can precipitate and form a mineral, and where the mineral can dissolve and release solute into the fluid. Such a setting includes an evolving interface between fluid and mineral. We approximate the evolving interface with a diffuse interface, which is modeled with an Allen-Cahn equation. We also include effects from temperature such that the reaction rate can depend on temperature, and allow heat conduction through fluid and mineral. As Allen-Cahn is generally not conservative due to curvature-driven motion, we include a reformulation that is conservative. This reformulation includes a non-local term which makes the use of standard Newton iterations for solving the resulting non-linear system of equations very slow. We instead apply L-scheme iterations, which can be proven to converge for any starting guess, although giving only linear convergence. The three coupled equations for diffuse interface, solute transport and heat transport are solved via an iterative coupling scheme. This allows the three equations to be solved more efficiently compared to a monolithic scheme, and only few iterations are needed for high accuracy. Through numerical experiments we highlight the usefulness and efficiency of the suggested numerical scheme and the applicability of the resulting *** Codes 35R37, 65M08, 65M22, 76D10, 76D05, 76V05, 80A32, 80M12 © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Minerals

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Radio spectrum awareness using deep learning: Identification of fading channels, signal distortions, medium access control protocols, and cellular systems

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Intelligent and Converged Networks 2021年第1期2卷 16-29页

作者： Yu Zhou Hatim Alhazmi Mohsen H.Alhazmi Alhussain Almarhabi Mofadal Alymani Mingju He Shengliang Peng Abdullah Samarkandi Zikang Sheng Huaxia Wang Yu-Dong Yao Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJ 07030USA the College of Information Science and Engineering Huaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China the College of Engineering Architecture and TechnologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOK 74078-1010USA

Radio spectrum awareness,including understanding radio signal activities,is crucial for improving spectrum utilization,detecting security vulnerabilities,and supporting adaptive *** tasks include spectrum sensing,identifying systems and terminals,and understanding various protocol *** this paper,we investigate various identification and classification tasks related to fading channel parameters,signal distortions,Medium Access Control(MAC)protocols,radio signal types,and cellular ***,we utilize deep learning methods in those identification and classification *** evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness of deep learning in those radio spectrum awareness tasks.

关键词： cellular system deep learning signal classification spectrum awareness Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)

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An Approach for Evaluating the Potential Impact of Anti-Patterns on Microservices Performance

An Approach for Evaluating the Potential Impact of Anti-Patt...

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IEEE International Conference on Software architecture Workshops (ICSAW)

作者： Raghad Matar Jasmin Jahić Department of Architecture-Centric Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering Kaiserslautern Germany Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK

The microservices architectural style has been increasingly adopted in recent years due to its advantageous characteristics. While there exist design patterns for microservices that are theoretically beneficial for ensuring performance (and anti-patterns that should be avoided), they do not always lead to the expected impact. Some designs are solutions for achieving quality properties other than performance, and while they might be categorized as anti-patterns in theory, their influence on system performance can be minimal, depending on the context. Architects find it hard to reason about these trade-offs and the impact that design decisions will have on performance before implementing them. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose an approach that enables rapid evaluation of high-level architectural models by combining both static and dynamic analysis. The static analysis identifies the design anti-patterns that are known to hinder system performance and guides the architect in reasoning about these design decisions. The approach then generates source code for the system under study based on the architectural design model for a subsequent dynamic analysis to assess whether the statically detected anti-patterns do indeed have a negative effect on the performance of the analyzed system.

关键词： Analytical models Software architecture System performance Source coding Microservice architectures Static analysis Cognition

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On Unifying the Compliance Management of Applications Based on IaC Automation

On Unifying the Compliance Management of Applications Based ...

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IEEE International Conference on Software architecture Workshops (ICSAW)

作者： Ghareeb Falazi Uwe Breitenbü cher Frank Leymann Miles Stö tzner Evangelos Ntentos Uwe Zdun Martin Becker Elena Heldwein Institute of Architecture of Application Systems University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany Research Group Software Architecture Faculty of Computer Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria IBM Deutschland B&#x00F6 blingen Germany

Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC) technologies are used to automate the deployment of cloud applications. They promote the usage of code to define and configure the IT infrastructure of cloud applications allowing them to benefit from conventional software development practices, which facilitates the rapid deployment of new versions of application infrastructures without sacrificing quality or stability. On the other hand, enterprise applications need to conform to compliance regarding external regulations and internal policies. Many of these compliance rules affect the application architecture on which IaC code operates. However, managing the architectural compliance of IaC-based application deployments faces a number of challenges, such as configuration drift and the heterogeneity of IaC technologies. Therefore, in this work, we present a vision on how to uniformly manage the compliance of the infrastructure of applications that utilize heterogeneous IaC technologies for deployment automation. To this end, we introduce an initial design for the IaC-based Architectural Compliance Management Framework and discuss how it addresses the corresponding challenges.

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EagerReuse: An Efficient Memory Reuse Approach for Complex Computational Graph

EagerReuse: An Efficient Memory Reuse Approach for Complex C...

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International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)

作者： Ruyi Qian Bojun Cao Mengjuan Gao Qinwen Shi Yida Wang Yuanchao Xu Qirun Huo Keni Qiu College of Information Engineering Capital Normal University Beijing China SKL of Computer Architecture Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing China

Memory reuse is a promising approach for deep neural network (DNN) to reduce memory consumption because it does not introduce any additional runtime overhead. We observe that existing memory reuse algorithms consider only the effect of an individual data feature (either tensor size or tensor lifetime) on memory reuse and ignore the relative position relationship (RPR) among tensors. As computational graphs grow slightly more complex, the mining of memory reuse becomes insufficient. To address this issue, we propose a new memory reuse algorithm—EagerReuse, which can exploit more memory reuse opportunities by analyzing RPR among tensors and reusing them as quickly as possible. We evaluated the algorithms with inference models in TensorFlow Model Garden, and the results show that the EagerReuse outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms in three out of seven cases. For more complex computational graphs, EagerReuse can achieve better memory usage with slightly higher but acceptable overhead.

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Ferro-floating memory:Dual-mode ferroelectric floating memory and its application to in-memory computing

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InfoMat 2022年第11期4卷 93-105页

作者： Sangyong Park Seyong Oh Dongyoung Lee Jin-Hong Park Department of Semiconductor and Display Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Flash Process Architecture Team Flash Development TeamMemory BusinessSamsung Electronics CompanyPyeongtaekRepublic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)SuwonRepublic of Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of KoreagBeijingPeople's Republic of China

Various core memory devices have been proposed for utilization in future inmemory computing technology featuring high energy *** memory is considered as a viable choice owing to its high integration density,stability,and reliability,which has been verified by commercialized ***,its high operating voltage and slow operation speed issues caused by the tunneling mechanism make its adoption in in-memory computing applications *** this paper,we introduce a dual-mode memory device named“ferro-floating memory”,fabricated using van der Waals(vdW)materials(h-BN,MoS2,andα-In2Se3).The vdW material,α-In2Se3,acts as a polarization control layer for the ferroelectric memory operation and charge storage layer for the conventional flash memory *** to the tunnelingbased memory operation,the ferro-floating memory operates 1.9 and 3.3 times faster at 6.7 and 5.8 times lower operating voltages for programming and erasing operations,*** dual-mode operation improves the linearity of conductance change by 5 times and the dynamic range by 48%through achieving conductance variation ***,we assess the effects of the variation in device operating voltage on neural networks and suggest a memory array operating scheme for maximizing the networks'performance through various training/inference simulations.

关键词： artificial synaptic device dual-mode operation mechanism ferroelectric floating memory inmemory computing multi-stages conductance reconfigurable operation range

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Adaptation of AI-Accelerated CFD Simulations to the IPU Platform 1

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14th International Conference on Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics, PPAM 2022

作者： Rościszewski, Pawel Krzywaniak, Adam Iserte, Sergio Rojek, Krzysztof Gepner, Pawel Graphcore Gdańsk Poland Department of Construction and Mechanical Engineering Universitat Jaume I Castellón de la Plana Spain Barcelona Supercomputing Center Barcelona Spain Institute of Computer and Information Sciences Czȩstochowa University of Technology Czȩstochowa Poland Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Warsaw University of Technology Warszawa Poland Department of Computer Architecture Faculty of Electronics Telecommunications and Informatics Gdańsk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 Gdańsk80-233 Poland

ISBN: (数字)9783031304453

ISBN: (纸本)9783031304446

Intelligence Processing Units (IPU) have proven useful for many AI applications. In this paper, we evaluate them within the emerging field of AI for simulation, where traditional numerical simulations are supported by artificial intelligence approaches. We focus specifically on a program for training machine learning models supporting a computational fluid dynamics application. We use custom TensorFlow provided by the Poplar SDK to adapt the program for the IPU-POD16 platform and investigate its ease of use and performance scalability. Training a model on data from OpenFOAM simulations allows us to get accurate simulation state predictions in test time. We show how to utilize the popdist library to overcome a performance bottleneck in feeding training data to the IPU on the host side, achieving up to 34% speedup. Due to communication overheads, using data parallelism to utilize two IPUs instead of one does not improve the throughput. However, once the intra-IPU costs have been paid, the hardware capabilities for inter-IPU communication allow for good scalability. Increasing the number of IPUs from 2 to 16 improves the throughput from 560.8 to 2805.8 samples/s. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Machine learning

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