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International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics

作者： Jamal Krini Abderrahim Krini Ossmane Krini Josef Borcsok Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel

ISBN: (纸本)9781509025435

The software reliability represents one of the most crucial aspects of functional safety. Software is used in almost any electronic systems. When a safety-critical system is considered, it has to be ensured that the software is able to fulfil the minimum safety requirements. If this is not the case, the software will have to be improved until the minimum requirements are fulfilled. Reliability growth models are used to determine the reliability of software. Depending on the area of application one specific model can deliver better prognosis results than another. This paper serves to introduce a methodology, which is provided for the purpose of selecting the most appropriate model.

关键词： Functional safety Error-related hazard rate Mean value function Forecasting Poisson model Program hazard rate Sigmoid function systematic errors Shooman model Unknown errors Prediction Failure rate Reliability growth models Time-dependent models Software engineering Safety-related systems Prognosis Bathtub curve Early failures Normal failures Late failures Probability of default Failure density MTTR MTTF MTBF Maximum likelihood estimation Estimation procedures Model parameters Effectiveness investigation model Quality criterion Absolute error

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FPGA-based wireless sensor network for safety-related cognitive systems

FPGA-based wireless sensor network for safety-related cognit...

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International Symposium on Telecommunications (BIHTEL)

作者： Ali Hayek Yusuf Suna Michael Schreiber Josef Börcsök Chair for Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

Wireless sensor networks for monitoring and steering industrial systems have emerged as an important new application area for wireless embedded technology in safety-related systems. Therefore several hardware platforms can be targeted. Due to their flexibility and reconfigurability along with high performance and power efficiency, modern Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are an excellent platform to realize such intelligent sensor networks. On one hand, FPGAs can integrate embedded processors and on-chip memory into a single die and can be easily configured to interface with a wide variety of popular communications protocols like SPI, UART and I2C, which are used for sensor communication. On the other hand, the reconfigurability of FPGAs supports the design of self-organizing computing systems, which are increasingly used in sensor applications. In this paper an FPGA-based wireless smart sensor network that integrates acceleration sensors for increasing safety aspects in cognitive systems used for industrial communication is presented.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays Wireless LAN Robot sensing systems Acceleration Graphical user interfaces Software Hardware

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A Tool for Reliable Model-based Design For programming Logic Controllers

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2013年第25期46卷 71-76页

作者： M.H. Schwarz H. Sheng W. Chaaban J. Börcsök Dept. Safety Computer Technology University of Kassel Kassel Germany Dept. Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

This paper presents an automated code generation and validation, verification approach to convert model based developments into IEC 61131-3 conform function blocks. IEC 61131-3 programming languages are supported by PLC manufacturers and software environment developers and provide the possibility that novel and intelligent algorithms can be directly operated on industrial accepted systems. Railway and transportation also receive drastic changes from purely hardware based systems to microcontroller + software driven systems. However, the conversion has to follow certain steps to ensure that the adaptation is done correctly and functionality is not alternated, added or deleted. Concepts suggested by different international standards such as the IEC 61508 can help to derive a tool chain to verify the generated code.

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Contribution to reducing the critical faults in critical Software systems

Contribution to reducing the critical faults in critical Sof...

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XXII International Symposium on Information, Communication and Automation Technologies, ICAT

作者： Jamal Krini Josef Börcsök Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

The software reliability plays an important role nowadays. From year to year the systems become more and more complex. Consequently, the software becomes more and more complex, too and this can cause more software errors. In this paper a new method is introduced, which serves to predict the reliability of software in a better way. Furthermore, the presumption that the hazard rate is constant is rebutted and a more realistic assumption is made. It is demonstrated that by the use of the new approach the prediction of the number of remaining errors is possible in a better way.

关键词： Software Hazards Optimization Data models Software reliability Mathematical model

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Approach to predict the software reliability with different methods

Approach to predict the software reliability with different ...

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International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering, ELECO

作者： Ossmane Krini Josef Börcsök Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Germany

This particular essay expounds upon how one can foresee and predict software reliability. There are two major components that exist within a computer system: hardware and software. The reliabilities between the two are comparable because both are stochastic processes, which can be described by probability distributions. With this said, software reliability is the probability that will function without failure in a given software and in a given environment during a specified period of time. Thus, this is why software reliability is a major and key factor in software developmental processes and quality. However, one can spot the difference between software reliability and hardware reliability where it concerns the quality duration and the fact that software reliability does not decrease its reliability over time.

关键词： Software reliability Software Mathematical model Shape Hazards Weibull distribution

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New concept to develop a safety sensor network for continuous noninvasive blood pressure monitoring

New concept to develop a safety sensor network for continuou...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Huiyun Sheng Michael Schwarz Josef Börcsök Department of Computer architecture and System programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467347358

This paper proposes a continuous, non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system concept, which uses a safety microprocessor to connect sensors for building a body sensor network. The changes in Pulse Transit Time (PTT) can be detected with the sensor network. The microprocessor gathers the PTT and other vital signs of the patient to derive changes in blood pressure. Through the new Bluetooth protocol for safety systems, the current blood pressure value can be sent to a variety of terminals present in the wireless network, such as mobile phone, PC and medical monitoring systems. The 1oo2 architecture of the used microprocessor can provide high safety to a rating of safety integrity level 3 (SIL3), thus the whole network can meet the safety required in medical care systems.

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Approach to the development of an FPGA-based safety-related, complete communication computer system

Approach to the development of an FPGA-based safety-related,...

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International Symposium on Telecommunications (BIHTEL)

作者： Emil Gracic Ali Hayek Josef Börcsök Chair for Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

This paper describes the implementation and integration process of a complete communication computer system on the field programmable gate array (FPGA). After such a design is reached, safety measures are integrated to achieve a safety-related architecture. For this purpose a diagnostic unit will be implemented, consisting of hardware and software tests. Hardware tests are related to the control of the FPGA functionality. They are based on the integration of two existing methods to reach complete hardware test coverage. The software tests are used for a continuous testing of the whole system (this means testing the central processing unit, bus systems, peripherals and memory). Furthermore, a safety multiplexer is integrated with the task to turn off the current operating system (main system) and to turn on a redundant system when a failure is introduced via the diagnostic unit. The safety multiplexer has to give the permission to the redundant system to receive the outputs from the main system in a way that is free from faults. The microcontroller ColdFire is used as a basis, which provides numerous features for the control of various peripherals as well as the connection of various types of memory.

关键词： Safety Field programmable gate arrays Multiplexing computers Hardware Software Microcontrollers

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OPC with redundancy

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WSEAS Transactions on Communications 2006年第8期5卷 1433-1438页

作者： Pendli, Pavan Kumar Gorbatchev, Vadim Schwarz, Michael H. Börcsök, Josef Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Wilhelmshoeher Allee 73 34121 Kassel Germany

OPC which stands for Open Process Control is the world's fastest growing industrial standard that has emerged to provide a greater interoperability between various process control hardware devices from different manufacturers and windows based automation applications. For this purpose OPC defines a set of interfaces, based on Microsoft's OLE/ COM and DCOM technology. OPC standard also provides benefits for both end users and vendors in the Process Control community. This paper disc usses an introduction to OPC, OPC specifications, OPC architectures, OPC strategies for redundancy and OPC benefits.

关键词： Process control

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A partially automated HiL test environment for model-based development using Simulink® and OPC technology

A partially automated HiL test environment for model-based d...

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XXII International Symposium on Information, Communication and Automation Technologies, ICAT

作者： W. Chaaban M. Schwarz B. Batchuluun H. Sheng J. Börcsök Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

This paper is concerned with the design procedures of an automated testing tool, developed in Matlab ® /Simulink ® environment, that performs software verification during runtime on a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) or so called HiL test (Hardware-in-the-Loop) for model-based development of control applications. In addition to checking the “semantic” or “functional” correctness of the automatically generated C++ - Code with RTW (Real Time Workshop ® ) for algorithms designed and developed in Simulink ® on hardware targets, the tool compares results obtained from the HiL test with the results of the MiL test (Model-in-the-Loop) performed in early stage of development for the same developed application. The main purpose behind this work is to develop reliable software that fulfil system requirements and to test its behaviour during realtime hardware simulation, in order to achieve the validation step which represents the terminating - step of almost all projects.

关键词： Mathematical model Software Testing Hardware Servers Real time systems Process control

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Model Based Development Methodology in Compliance with ISO 26262 for Safe Automotive ECU

Model Based Development Methodology in Compliance with ISO 2...

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Electrical, computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET), International Conference on

作者： Muhammad Ikram Hafiz Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

This work presents a practical approach of designing a functionally safe ECU for automotive application by implementing the Model Based Development (MBD) methodology. Functional safety (FuSa) in automotive can be achieved by strictly following the processes of electrical and electronic systems development as given in the ISO 26262. The scope of FuSa encompasses the risks emerging from systematic failures and random hardware failures. One approach to mitigate these failures is the Model Based Development (MBD) on which the ISO 26262 provides guidance. This approach enables to model an ECU and accelerates an IP creation by automatic RTL code generation for rapid prototyping on an FPGA level. In this work the MBD is implemented in accordance to the ISO 26262 to design and test a hardware model of an embedded ECU. The embedded Design under Test (DUT) is simulated and its output verified in Matlab/Simulink. Upon successful results, the RTL codes of the DUT are generated for a target FPGA. The RTL codes are simulated and the functionality of the DUT is verified at the FPGA level.

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