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2024 Panhellenic Conference on Electronics and Telecommunications, PACET 2024

作者： Mach, Jan Kohutka, Lukas Cicak, Pavel Slovak University of Technology Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Slovakia Information Systems and Software Engineering Slovak University of Technology Institute of Informatics Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350318845

Fulfilling increasing performance demands of space and automotive applications can be problematic as high dependability is required. Memory is one of the most radiationsensitive parts, so it is often protected with information redundancy. This paper describes an integration of error correction and detection techniques into the interface of RISC-V processor to protect the data stored in the memory. We also provide a hardware-software interface for reporting errors and software routines for correcting data in memory. Our solution has a negligible impact (-3.9%) on the overall performance of the core with a small area and power consumption overhead. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Error correction

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Beyond Integration: Advancing Electricity Metering with Secure and Transparent Blockchain-IoT Solutions 47

Beyond Integration: Advancing Electricity Metering with Secu...

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47th International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing, TSP 2024

作者： Koštál, Kristian Bahar, Muhammad Nasim Numyalai, Sultan Ries, Michal Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies Bratislava Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365597

As the demand for reliable and accurate electricity metering escalates in the digital era, traditional systems increasingly need to improve due to their centralized nature, prone to inaccuracies, privacy breaches, and cybersecurity threats. This paper proposes a novel solution that harnesses the transformative power of Blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies to address these critical challenges. By integrating the immutable ledger capabilities of blockchain with the real-time data acquisition prowess of IoT, we introduce a decentralized system that ensures the secure and transparent measurement and billing of electricity for domestic consumers. Adopting Hyperledger Fabric within our framework offers a robust, scalable architecture that supports secure transactions and enhances trust through digital identities for all participants. This system mitigates the vulnerabilities associated with centralized authorities and efficiently monitors and manages energy consumption with unprecedented precision. Through this approach, we aim to revolutionize the electricity metering infrastructure, providing a blueprint for future advancements in the energy sector. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Smart contract

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Shared Parking Concept in the Smart City Environment 8th

Shared Parking Concept in the Smart City Environment

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8th International Congress on Information and Communication Technology, ICICT 2023

作者： Špitálová, Zuzana Mandová, Lucia Opatovský, Martin Faculty of Informatics and Information Technology Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Slovak University of Technology Bratislava Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819930906

With the modern city infrastructure and increasing number of subjects in the traffic environment, there is a need for increased number of parking places. As the parking place is usually not used for a whole day, it could be shared with the others in the certain community. As it eliminates the useless driving due to the finding of free parking place, the traffic becomes more effective and produces less emissions. We designed the application for smart city environment, which helps to achieve the described situation. It consists of two parts, the frontend and backend. The data processed by the backend part can be further used for the city infrastructure improvements. The front-end part, designed in React Native, represents the graphical interface. The back-end part, designed in PostgreSQL, represents the database. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Smart city

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Lockstep Vs Microarchitecture: A Comparison 37

Lockstep Vs Microarchitecture: A Comparison

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37th IEEE International System-on-Chip Conference, SOCC 2024

作者： Mach, Jan Kohutka, Lukas Cicak, Pavel Slovak University of Technology Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Bratislava842 16 Slovakia Slovak University of Technology Institute of Informatics Information Systems and Software Engineering Bratislava842 16 Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377569

Safety/mission-critical applications require high dependability of the control systems. Their state-of-the-art protection approach is a system-level lockstep. This paper compares the system-level dual and triple lockstep technique to the microarchitecture-level protection of the Hardisc RISC-V core. For a fair comparison, each system is based on the same core(s) and integrates protection against bit-flips in memory and transient faults in the bus. We propose a fault injection methodology, combining pre-synthesis simulation with synthesis data to analyse the vulnerability of a system to faults. The fault injection campaigns show that the Hardisc can withstand fault rates orders of magnitude higher than the dual-core lockstep system while preserving the same area and power consumption. It comes with a 5% frequency penalty. We have shown that system failures are more frequent once the fault rate reaches an application-specific threshold (one fault in 100 clock cycles). © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Failure rate

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Early Parkinson's Disease Detection and Classification using Machine Learning and Neutrosophic Sets

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Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 2025年 82卷 873-886页

作者： Oudah, Hasan H. Metwaly, Ahmed A. Eassa, Mohamed Abdelhafeez, Ahmed Nagm, Ahmad M. Salama, Ahmed S. College of Arts Department of Journalism Ahl Al Bayt University Karbala Iraq Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Informatics Zagazig University Zagazig44519 Egypt Computer Science Department Faculty of Information System and Computer Science October 6 University Giza12585 Egypt Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan Department of Computer Engineering and Electronics Cairo Higher Institute for Engineering Computer Science and Management New Cairo Egypt

Optimizing therapy and rehabilitation for Parkinson's disease (PD) requires early identification and precise evaluation of the illness's course. However, there is disagreement about the best way to use gait analysis to categorize the severity of motor symptoms and identify early-stage Parkinson's disease. The precision of machine learning (ML) models in identifying early and intermediate stages of Parkinson's disease was assessed in this study. Six ML models are used in this study for the prediction of PD. Different metrics are used to evaluate ML models such as accuracy, precision, recall, f1-score, and AUC score. Then we propose a multi-criteria decision-making methodology (MCDM) to evaluate the ML models and select the best one. Two MCDM methods are used such as CRITIC method to compute the criteria weights and the TOPSIS method to rank the alternatives. These methods are used under the bipolar neutrosophic sets (BNSs) to deal with uncertainty information. The results show the support vector machine is the best ML model for the prediction of PD. © 2025, University of New Mexico. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases

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Scheduling Tool for Deterministic Communication in Distributed Real-Time Systems 10

Scheduling Tool for Deterministic Communication in Distribut...

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10th Workshop on Software Quality Analysis, Monitoring, Improvement, and Applications, SQAMIA 2023

作者： Mach, Jan Tašková, Valéria Kohútka, Lukáš Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies Slovak University of Technology Bratislava Slovakia Institute of Informatics Information Systems and Software Engineering Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies Slovak University of Technology Bratislava Slovakia

A network with critical data streams, where the timing of incoming and outgoing data is a necessity, is called a deterministic network. These networks are mostly used in association with real-time systems that use periodic hard-real-time data which need to be scheduled. The algorithm proposed in this paper is focused on achieving the lowest possible latency within the specified network topology depending on the physical parameters of the network and the periodic requirements of the communicating nodes. The algorithm allows to add priorities to the data flow between nodes and also the option to specify if preemption is allowed within the network, since not all devices support it. The result is a schedule of hard-real-time data communication within a specified network topology where all requirements of communicating nodes are met if such a solution is possible. © 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： deadline deterministic scheduling Ethernet scheduling algorithm time-sensitive networking

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A New RISC-V CPU for Safety-Critical Systems 12

A New RISC-V CPU for Safety-Critical Systems

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12th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing, MECO 2023

作者： Mach, Jan Kohutka, Lukas Cicak, Pavel Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Slovak University of Technology Bratislava842 16 Slovakia Institute of Informatics Information Systems and Software Engineering Slovak University of Technology Bratislava842 16 Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350322910

In this paper, we propose a novel hardening technique against Single Event Effects, which enables high-frequency operation and does not cause large power consumption and area overhead. The protection is based on redundancy, separation of the pipeline into two main sections, and is fully applicable at Register Transfer Level. It provides fast detection of faults, simple recovery by a flush of the pipeline, and allows a large prediction unit to be unprotected. We present the protection scheme at the core with the RISC-V instruction set. Simulations confirm that the protection can handle the injected faults. Synthesis shows that protection lowers the maximum frequency by only 3.9%. The area increase is only 108% and can be even lower. Total power consumption increased by 119%. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Pipelines

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A Machine Learning-Based Privacy-Preserving Approach to Incorporate Distributed Generators in AC Optimal Power Flow

A Machine Learning-Based Privacy-Preserving Approach to Inco...

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2024 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe Conference, ISGT EUROPE 2024

作者： Dindar, Burak Saner, Can Berk Polat, Dogukan Yigit Çakmak, Huseyin Kemâl Hagenmeyer, Veit Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany National University of Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Singapore National University of Singapore School of Computing Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9789531842976

In order to achieve the goal of a carbon-neutral power system, significant changes to the power grid are underway, necessitating enhanced interoperability between Transmission System Operators (TSOs) and Distribution System Operators (DSOs) for effective grid operation, particularly in light of the growing number of distributed generators (DGs). Data privacy concerns, however, complicate decision-making processes, particularly when integrating DGs into system-wide dispatch decisions. In this paper, we propose a machine-learning (ML)-based method to incorporate DGs located within the distribution system (DS) into dispatch decisions, adhering to data privacy by mitigating the exchange of sensitive data, such as system topology and demand profiles, between TSOs and DSOs. The methodology involves training three ML models to represent the behavior of the DS, thereby replacing the standard power flow model that contains sensitive information. Notably, we utilize a novel tailored neural network (NN) architecture to enhance computational efficiency in mapping the feasible region of the DS. Additionally, we employ open-source data to construct the Baden-Wü rttemberg (Germany) electricity grid, allowing to test our method not only on standard systems but also on a model that more accurately represents real-world power systems. The numerical case studies verify that the proposed method achieves results comparable to standard AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF) in both cost-optimality and computational time. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Gamification of cyber ranges in cybersecurity education 20

Gamification of cyber ranges in cybersecurity education

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20th IEEE International Conference on Emerging eLearning Technologies and Applications, ICETA 2022

作者： Jelo, Martin Helebrandt, Pavol Slovak University of Technology Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Bratislava Slovakia

ISBN: (数字)9798350320336

ISBN: (纸本)9798350320336

There is a lack of cybersecurity experts, and this problem is getting worse with the increasing number and importance of IT systems together with rising number and sophistication of attacks. Rapid development in cybersecurity necessitates constant training and practice to keep up with the latest threats. Studying IT, and especially cybersecurity is considered difficult and there is an urgent need to encourage interest of students in this field. One promising avenue to improving the situation is gamification. Gamification has been used in education to improve enthusiasm of students, increasing their numbers, information uptake and retention. Leveraging social connections and human competitiveness can further motivate students to take part and engage in the learning activities they would otherwise not consider. Virtualized environments offer means to scale up the practical training as well as share latest teaching methods. Cyber ranges used by educational institutions often are such open platforms that provide such practical cybersecurity training. Moreover, with some thoughtful planning they can prove to be popular serious games. In this paper, we explore opportunities for hands-on cybersecurity education by using gamified scenarios in cyber range virtualized environment. We focus on cyber testing environments, what their types are, and what it includes. We place emphasis on creating basic game scenario close to real-world situations. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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Covert Channel Detection Methods 20

Covert Channel Detection Methods

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20th IEEE International Conference on Emerging eLearning Technologies and Applications, ICETA 2022

作者： Ondov, Adrian Helebrandt, Pavol Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Slovak University of Technology Bratislava Slovakia

ISBN: (数字)9798350320336

ISBN: (纸本)9798350320336

The modern networking world is being exposed to many risks more frequently every day. Most of systems strongly rely on remaining anonymous throughout the whole endpoint exploitation process. Covert channels represent risk since they ex-ploit legitimate communications and network protocols to evade typical filtering. This firewall avoidance sees covert channels frequently used for malicious communication of intruders with systems they compromised, and thus a real threat to network security. While there are commercial tools to safeguard computer networks, novel applications such as automotive connectivity and V2X present new challenges. This paper focuses on the analysis of the recent ways of using covert channels and detecting them, but also on the state-of-the-art possibilities of protection against them. We investigate observing the timing covert channels behavior simulated via injected ICMP traffic into standard network communications. Most importantly, we concentrate on enhancing firewall with detection and prevention of such attack built-in features. The main contribution of the paper is design for detection timing covert channel threats utilizing detection methods based on statistical analysis. These detection methods are combined and implemented in one program as a simple host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS). As a result, the proposed design can analyze and detect timing covert channels, with the addition of taking preventive measures to block any future attempts to breach the security of an end device. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Statistical methods

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