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Ray Maps for Global Illumination

Ray Maps for Global Illumination

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16th Eurographics Symposium on Rendering Techniques, EGSR 2005

作者： Havran, Vlastimil Bittner, Jiří Herzog, Robert Seidel, Hans-Peter MPI Informatik Saarbrücken Germany Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms Vienna University of Technology Austria

ISBN: (纸本)3905673231

We describe a novel data structure for representinglight transport called ray map. The ray map extends the concept of photon maps: it stores not only photon impacts but the whole photon paths. We demonstrate the utility of ray maps for global illumination by eliminating boundary bias and reducing topological bias of density estimation in global illumination. Thanks to the elimination of boundary bias we could use ray maps for fast direct visualization with the image quality being close to that obtained by the expensive final gathering step. We describe in detail our implementation of the ray map using a lazily constructed kD-tree. We also present several optimizations bringing the ray map query performance close to the performance of the photon map. © The Eurographics Association 2005.

关键词： Photons

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High-quality volume rendering with resampling in the frequency domain

High-quality volume rendering with resampling in the frequen...

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7th Joint Eurographics - IEEE VGTC Symposium on Visualization, VisSym 2005

作者： Artner, Martin Möller, Torsten Viola, Ivan Gröller, Meister E. Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms Vienna University of Technology Austria School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University Vancouver Canada

ISBN: (纸本)3905673193

This work introduces a volume rendering technique that is conceptually based on the shear-warp factorization. We propose to perform the shear transformation in the frequency domain. Unlike the standard shear-warp algorithm, we allow for arbitrary sampling distances along the viewing rays, independent from the view direction. The accurate scaling of the volume slices is achieved by using the zero padding interpolation property. Finally, a high quality gradient estimation scheme is presented which uses the derivative theorem of the Fourier transform. Experimental results show that the presented method outperforms established algorithms in the quality of the produced images. If the data is sampled above the Nyquist rate the presented method is capable of a perfect reconstruction of the original function. © The Eurographics Association 2005.

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A sky dome visualisation for identification of astronomical orientations

A sky dome visualisation for identification of astronomical ...

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IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization (INFOVIS)

作者： G. Zotti M.E. Groller Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms University of Technology Vienna Austria

It has long been known that ancient temples were frequently oriented along the cardinal directions or to certain points along the horizon where Sun or Moon rise or set on special days of the year. In the last decades, archaeologists have found evidence of even older building structures buried in the soil, with doorways that also appear to have distinct orientations. This paper presents a novel diagram combining archaeological maps with a folded-apart, flattened view of the whole sky, showing the local horizon and the daily paths of Sun, Moon and brighter stars. By use of this diagram, interesting groupings of astronomical orientation directions, e.g. to certain Sunrise and Sunset points could be identified, which were evidently used to mark certain days of the year. Orientations to a few significant stars very likely indicated the beginning of the agricultural year in the middle neolithic period

关键词： Visualization Sun computer graphics Image reconstruction Moon Soil Agricultural engineering Data engineering Astronomy Magnetic field measurement

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VolumeShop: an interactive system for direct volume illustration

VolumeShop: an interactive system for direct volume illustra...

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IEEE Conference on Visualization

作者： S. Bruckner M.E. Groller Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms University of Technology Vienna Austria

Illustrations play a major role in the education process. Whether used to teach a surgical or radiologic procedure, to illustrate normal or aberrant anatomy, or to explain the functioning of a technical device, illustration significantly impacts learning. Although many specimens are readily available as volumetric data sets, particularly in medicine, illustrations are commonly produced manually as static images in a time-consuming process. Our goal is to create a fully dynamic three-dimensional illustration environment which directly operates on volume data. Single images have the aesthetic appeal of traditional illustrations, but can be interactively altered and explored. In this paper we present methods to realize such a system which combines artistic visual styles and expressive visualization techniques. We introduce a novel concept for direct multi-object volume visualization which allows control of the appearance of inter-penetrating objects via two-dimensional transfer functions. Furthermore, a unifying approach to efficiently integrate many non-photorealistic rendering models is presented. We discuss several illustrative concepts which can be realized by combining cutaways, ghosting, and selective deformation. Finally, we also propose a simple interface to specify objects of interest through three-dimensional volumetric painting. All presented methods are integrated into VolumeShop, an interactive hardware-accelerated application for direct volume illustration.

关键词： Interactive systems Rendering (computer graphics) Data visualization Biomedical imaging computer graphics Medical diagnostic imaging Bladder Image generation computer science education Surgery

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Profile flags: A novel metaphor for probing of T2 maps

Profile flags: A novel metaphor for probing of T2 maps

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VIS 05: IEEE Visualization 2005, Proceedings

作者： Mlejnek, Matej Ermes, Pierre Vilanova, Anna Van Rijt, Rob Der Van Bosch, Harrie Den Gerritsen, Frans Gröller, Meister Eduard Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms Vienna University of Technology Austria Philips Medical Systems Best Netherlands Department of Biomedical Engineering Technische Universiteit Eindhoven Netherlands Catharina Hospital Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)0780394623

This paper describes a tool for the visualization of T2 maps of knee cartilage. Given the anatomical scan and the T2 map of the cartilage, we combine the information on the shape and the quality of the cartilage in a single image. The Profile Flag is an intuitive 3D glyph for probing and annotating of the underlying data. It comprises a bulletin board pin-like shape with a small flag on top of it. While moving the glyph along the reconstructed surface of an object, the curve data measured along the pin's needle and in its neighborhood are shown on the flag. The application area of the Profile Flag is manifold, enabling the visualization of profile data of dense but inhomogeneous objects. Furthermore, it extracts the essential part of the data without removing or even reducing the context information. By sticking Profile Flags into the investigated structure, one or more significant locations can be annotated by showing the local characteristics of the data at that locations. In this paper we are demonstrating the properties of the tool by visualizing T2 maps of knee cartilage. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Cartilage

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Global Contrast Factor - a New Approach to Image Contrast

Global Contrast Factor - a New Approach to Image Contrast

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1st Eurographics Workshop on Computational Aesthetics in graphics, Visualization, and Imaging, CAe 2005

作者： Matković, Krešimir Neumann, László Neumann, Attila Psik, Thomas Purgathofer, Werner VRVis Research Center Vienna Austria University of Girona ICREA Barcelona Spain Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms Vienna University of Technology Austria Institute for Design and Assessment of Technology Vienna University of Technology Austria

ISBN: (纸本)3905673274

Contrast in image processing is usually defined as a ratio between the darkest and the brightest spots of an image. In this paper we introduce a different contrast definition. The newly introduced Global Contrast Factor (GCF) corresponds closer to the human perception of contrast. GCF uses contrasts at various resolution levels in order to compute overall contrast. Experiments were conducted in order to find weight factors needed to calculate GCF. GCF measures richness of detail as perceived by a human observer, and as such can be used in various application areas like rendering, tone mapping, volume visualization, and lighting design. © The Eurographics Association 2005.

关键词： Image processing

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Illustrative visualization

Illustrative visualization

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VIS 05: IEEE Visualization 2005, Proceedings

作者： Viola, Ivan Gröller, Meister E. Hadwiger, Markus Bühler, Katja Preim, Bernhard Sousa, Mario Costa Ebert, David S. Stredney, Don Kanitsar, Armin Bruckner, Stefan Grimm, Sören Svakhine, Nikolai A. Jang, Yun Gaithert, Kelly Tietjen, Christian Krüger, Arno Peitgen, Heinz-Otto Isenberg, Tobias Hintze, Jana Hertel, Ilka Strauß, Gero Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms Vienna University of Technology Austria VRVis Research Center Vienna Austria Department of Simulation and Graphics University of Magdeburg Germany Department of Computer Science University of Calgary Canada School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University United States Ohio Supercomputer Center United States Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms Vienna University of Technology Austria VRVis Research Center Vienna Austria Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University United States IEEE Austria Department of Computer Science University of Calgary Canada Department of Computer Science Computer Graphics Research Lab. University of Calgary Canada Purdue University United States Ohio Supercomputer Center United States University of Texas Austin United States Interface Laboratory United States Biomedical Applications United States Department of Simulation and Graphics Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg Germany Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg FIN/ISG Germany Institute for Simulation and Graphics Department for Computer Science Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg Universitaetsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg Germany Center for Medical Diagnosic Systems and Visualization Universitaetsallee 29 28359 Bremen Germany Department of Simulation and Graphics Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg Germany ENT Department University Hospital of Leipzig Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0780394623

The tutorial presents state-of-the-art visualization techniques inspired by traditional technical and medical illustrations. Such techniques exploit the perception of the human visual system and provide effective visual abstractions to make the visualization clearly understandable. Visual emphasis and abstraction has been used for expressive presentation from prehistoric paintings to nowadays scientific and medical illustrations. Many of the expressive techniques used in art are adopted in computer graphics, and are denoted as illustrative or non-photorealistic rendering. Different stroke techniques, or brush properties express a particular level of abstraction. Feature emphasis or feature suppression is achieved by combining different abstraction levels in illustrative rendering. Challenges in visualization research are very large data visualization as well as multi-dimensional data visualization. To effectively convey the most important visual information there is a significant need for visual abstraction. For less relevant information the dedicated image space is reduced to enhance more prominent features. The discussed techniques in the context of scientific visualization are based on iso-surfaces and volume rendering. Apart from visual abstraction, i.e., illustrative representation, the visibility of prominent features can be achieved by illustrative visualization techniques such as cut-away views or ghosted views. The structures that occlude the most prominent information are suppressed in order to clearly see more interesting parts. A different smart way to provide information on the data is using exploded views or other types of deformation. Furthermore intuitive feature classification via 3D painting and manipulation with the classified data including label placement is presented. Discussed non-photorealistic and illustrative techniques from visualization and graphics are shown from the perspective as tools for illustrators from medicine, botany, archeology

关键词： Visualization

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Color Style Transfer Techniques using Hue, Lightness and Saturation Histogram Matching

Color Style Transfer Techniques using Hue, Lightness and Sat...

引用

1st Eurographics Workshop on Computational Aesthetics in graphics, Visualization, and Imaging, CAe 2005

作者： Neumann, László Neumann, Attila Grup de Gràfics de Girona Universitat de Girona Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats ICREA Barcelona Spain Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms Vienna University of Technology Austria

ISBN: (纸本)3905673274

We present new methods which transfer the color style of a source image into an arbitrary given target image having a different 3D color distribution. The color transfer has a high importance ensuring a wide area of applications from artistic transformation of the color atmosphere of images until different scientific visualizations using special gamut mappings. Our technique use a permissive, or optionally strict, 3D histogram matching, similarly to the sampling of multivariable functions applying a sequential chain of conditional probability density functions. We work by order of hue, hue dependent lightness and from both dependent saturation histograms of source and target images, respectively. We apply different histogram transformations, like smoothing or contrast limitation, in order to avoid some unexpected high gradients and other artifacts. Furthermore, we use dominance suppression optionally, by applying sub-linear functions for the histograms in order to get well balanced color distributions, or an overall appearance reflecting the memory color distribution better. Forward and inverse operations on the corresponding cumulative histograms ensure a continuous mapping of perceptual attributes correlating to limited derivatives. Sampling an appropriate fraction of the pixels and using perceptually accurate and continuous histograms with minimal size as well as other gems make this method robust and fast. © The Eurographics Association 2005.

关键词： Color

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Computational Color Harmony based on Coloroid System

Computational Color Harmony based on Coloroid System

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1st Eurographics Workshop on Computational Aesthetics in graphics, Visualization, and Imaging, CAe 2005

作者： Neumann, László Nemcsics, Antal Neumann, Attila Grup de Gràfics de Girona Universitat de Girona Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats ICREA Barcelona Spain Budapest University of Technology and Economics Hungary Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms Vienna University of Technology Austria

ISBN: (纸本)3905673274

This paper presents experimentally based rules and methods for the creation of harmonic color sets. First, dichromatic rules are presented which concern the harmony relationships of two hues. For an arbitrarily given hue pair, we define the just harmonic saturation values, resulting in minimally harmonic color pairs. These values express the fuzzy border between harmony and disharmony regions using a single scalar. Second, the value of harmony is defined corresponding to the contrast of lightness, i.e. the difference of perceptual lightness values. Third, we formulate the harmony value of the saturation contrast, depending on hue and lightness. The results of these investigations form a basis for a unified, coherent dichromatic harmony formula as well as for analysis of polychromatic color harmony. Introduced color harmony rules are based on Coloroid, which is one of the 5 - 6 main color-order systems and furthermore it is an aesthetically uniform continuous color space. Coloroid has simple closed forward and backward transformation formulas with the color space of CIE XYZ. It relies on a huge number of observations and experiments, and it is a very suitable tool of color dynamics for describing aesthetical relationships. It has been used in numerous architectural projects. The experimental data that may be retrieved from them are only partly processed and published so far. Our article utilizes a’slice’ of this database, together with additional complementary observations. This paper is the first of a planned series of articles, dealing with rules and coherences of color harmony based on the Coloroid system. © The Eurographics Association 2005.

关键词： Color

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Profile Flags: a novel metaphor for probing of T/sub 2/ maps

Profile Flags: a novel metaphor for probing of T/sub 2/ maps

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IEEE Conference on Visualization

作者： M. Mlejnek P. Ermest A. Vilanova R. van der Rijt H. van den Bosch F. Gerritsen M.E. Groller Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms University of Technology Vienna Austria Deorlrtment of Biomedical Engineering Technische Universiteit Eindhoven Netherlands Catharina Hospital Eindhovn Netherlands Philips Medical Systems Best Netherlands

This paper describes a tool for the visualization of T/sub 2/ maps of knee cartilage. Given the anatomical scan, and the T/sub 2/ map of the cartilage, we combine the information on the shape and the quality of the cartilage in a single image. The Profile Flag is an intuitive 3D glyph for probing and annotating of the underlying data. It comprises a bulletin board pin-like shape with a small flag on top of it. While moving the glyph along the reconstructed surface of an object, the curve data measured along the pin's needle and in its neighborhood are shown on the flag. The application area of the Profile Flag is manifold, enabling the visualization of profile data of dense but in-homogeneous objects. Furthermore, it extracts the essential part of the data without removing or even reducing the context information. By sticking Profile Flags into the investigated structure, one or more significant locations can be annotated by showing the local characteristics of the data at that locations. In this paper we are demonstrating the properties of the tool by visualizing T/sub 2/ maps of knee cartilage.

关键词： Bones Shape Image reconstruction Lesions Surface reconstruction Switches Visualization USA Councils Osteoarthritis Medical treatment

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