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A Hybrid Adaptive Filter for Head Tracking in Augmented Reality (AR)-based Flight Simulators

IEEE Transactions on computers 2025年

作者： Nwobodo, Onyeka J. Kuaban, Godlove Suila Nkemeni, Valery Wereszczynski, Kamil Cyran, Krzysztof A. Silesian University of Technology Department of Computer Graphics Vision and Digital Systems Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Gliwice Poland Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Theoretical and Applied Informatics Poland University of Buea Laboratory of Electrical Engineering and Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology Buea Cameroon

This paper presents a novel approach for head tracking in augmented reality (AR) flight simulators using an adaptive fusion of Kalman and particle filters. This fusion dynamically balances the strengths of both algorithms, leveraging Kalman filters for computational efficiency and particle filters for handling non-linearities based on real-time factors such as sensor noise and head movement patterns. Our method demonstrates superior tracking precision and reduced latency, making it particularly effective for immersive pilot training in AR-based flight simulations. While focused on flight simulation, our approach holds high potential for broader applications in other AR and virtual reality (VR) environments where precise, real-time head tracking is crucial. These results provide actionable design guidance for developers optimizing tracking systems in environments that require fast response times and high accuracy. Future extensions of this research could explore the generalization of our approach across diverse AR applications, including human-computer interaction (HCI), medical simulations, and gaming. © 1968-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Flight simulators

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Integrating anatomy and electrophysiology in the healthy human heart: Insights from biventricular statistical shape analysis using universal coordinates

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computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年第Pt A期192卷 110230-110230页

作者： Van Santvliet, Lore Zappon, Elena Gsell, Matthias A.F. Thaler, Franz Blondeel, Maarten Dymarkowski, Steven Claessen, Guido Willems, Rik Urschler, Martin Vandenberk, Bert Plank, Gernot De Vos, Maarten KU Leuven Kasteelpark Arenberg 10 Leuven3001 Belgium Division of Medical Physics and Biophysics Gottfried Schatz Research Center Medical University of Graz Graz Austria Department of Cardiology University Hospitals Leuven Herestraat 49 Leuven3000 Belgium Division of Radiology University Hospitals Leuven Herestraat 49 Leuven3000 Belgium Division of Cardiology Hartcentrum Jessa Ziekenhuis Stadsomvaart 11 Hasselt3500 Belgium Department of Medicine and Life Sciences University of Hasselt Stadsomvaart 11 Hasselt3500 Belgium Department of Cardiovascular Sciences KU Leuven Herestraat 49 Leuven3000 Belgium Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Institute for Medical Informatics Statistics and Documentation Medical University of Graz Graz Austria BioTechMed-Graz Graz Austria

A cardiac digital twin is a virtual replica of a patient-specific heart, mimicking its anatomy and physiology. A crucial step of building a cardiac digital twin is anatomical twinning, where the computational mesh of the digital twin is tailored to the patient-specific cardiac anatomy. In a number of studies, the effect of anatomical variation on clinically relevant functional measurements like electrocardiograms (ECGs) is investigated, using computational simulations. While such a simulation environment provides researchers with a carefully controlled ground truth, the impact of anatomical differences on functional measurements in real-world patients remains understudied. In this study, we develop a biventricular statistical shape model and use it to quantify the effect of biventricular anatomy on ECG-derived and demographic features, providing novel insights for the development of digital twins of cardiac electrophysiology. To this end, a dataset comprising high-resolution cardiac CT scans from 271 healthy individuals, including athletes, is utilized. Furthermore, a novel, universal, ventricular coordinate-based method is developed to establish lightweight shape correspondence. The performance of the shape model is rigorously established, focusing on its dimensionality reduction capabilities and the training data requirements. The most important variability in healthy ventricles captured by the model is their size, followed by their elongation. These anatomical factors are found to significantly correlate with ECG-derived and demographic features. Additionally, a comprehensive synthetic cohort is made available, featuring ready-to-use biventricular meshes with fiber structures and anatomical region annotations. These meshes are well-suited for electrophysiological simulations. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Population statistics

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Removing fences from sweep motion videos using global 3D reconstruction and fence-aware light field rendering

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Computational Visual Media 2019年第1期5卷 21-32页

作者： Chanya Lueangwattana Shohei Mori Hideo Saito Department of Science and Technology Keio University Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology

Diminishing the appearance of a fence in an image is a challenging research area due to the characteristics of fences(thinness, lack of texture, etc.) and the need for occluded background restoration. In this paper, we describe a fence removal method for an image sequence captured by a user making a sweep motion, in which occluded background is potentially observed. To make use of geometric and appearance information such as consecutive images, we use two well-known approaches: structure from motion and light field rendering. Results using real image sequences show that our method can stably segment fences and preserve background details for various fence and background combinations. A new video without the fence, with frame coherence, can be successfully provided.

关键词： video fence video repair diminished reality(DR) structure from motion(SfM) light field rendering(LFR)

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Integrating anatomy and electrophysiology in the healthy human heart: Insights from biventricular statistical shape analysis using universal coordinates

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Van Santvliet, Lore Zappon, Elena Gsell, Matthias A.F. Thaler, Franz Blondeel, Maarten Dymarkowski, Steven Claessen, Guido Willems, Rik Urschler, Martin Vandenberk, Bert Plank, Gernot De Vos, Maarten KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Division of Medical Physics and Biophysics Gottfried Schatz Research Center Medical University of Graz Graz Austria BioTechMed-Graz Graz Austria Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Institute for Medical Informatics Statistics and Documentation Medical University of Graz Graz Austria Department of Cardiology University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium Department of Cardiovascular Sciences KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Division of Radiology University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium Division of Cardiology Hartcentrum Jessa Ziekenhuis Hasselt Belgium Department of Medicine and Life Sciences University of Hasselt Hasselt Belgium

A cardiac digital twin is a virtual replica of a patient-specific heart, mimicking its anatomy and physiology. A crucial step of building a cardiac digital twin is anatomical twinning, where the computational mesh of the digital twin is tailored to the patient-specific cardiac anatomy. In a number of studies, the effect of anatomical variation on clinically relevant functional measurements like electrocardiograms (ECGs) is investigated, using computational simulations. While such a simulation environment provides researchers with a carefully controlled ground truth, the impact of anatomical differences on functional measurements in real-world patients remains understudied. In this study, we develop a biventricular statistical shape model and use it to quantify the effect of biventricular anatomy on ECG-derived and demographic features, providing novel insights for the development of digital twins of cardiac electrophysiology. To this end, a dataset comprising high-resolution cardiac CT scans from 271 healthy individuals, including athletes, is utilized. Furthermore, a novel, universal, ventricular coordinate-based method is developed to establish lightweight shape correspondence. The performance of the shape model is rigorously established, focusing on its dimensionality reduction capabilities and the training data requirements. Additionally, a comprehensive synthetic cohort is made available, featuring ready-to-use biventricular meshes with fiber structures and anatomical region annotations. These meshes are well-suited for electrophysiological simulations. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mesh generation

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The role of saturated thermal conduction in shaping electric current dynamics in jet-launching disks

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Journal of High Energy Astrophysics 2025年 47卷

作者： Rezgui, Ghassen Preiner, Reinhold Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences of Tunis University of Tunis El Manar Campus Universitaire Tunis El Manar 2092 Tunisia Institute of Computer Graphics and Knowledge Visualization Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 16c Graz A-8010 Austria

This study investigates the dynamics of jet formation from a viscous, resistive accretion disk around a young stellar object using MHD simulations with the PLUTO code. We conducted an in-depth analysis of electric currents from various perspectives to elucidate how their dynamics, influenced by saturated thermal conduction, impact jet acceleration and collimation processes. Our simulations confirm the butterfly topology of electric current lines, as predicted by earlier analytic models. Crucially, increasing the saturation parameter ϕ_s alters the current line topology: higher saturation enhances collimation in the inner disk regions while inducing decollimation in the outer regions. By the end of our simulations (t=700, ∼112 rotational periods), higher ϕ_s results in a faster and more collimated jet compared to its lower ϕ_s counterpart, whereas at earlier times (t=200, ∼32 rotational periods), the jet exhibits lower acceleration despite enhanced collimation. In our reference case, we find that the electric current lines connect the launching region to the Alfvén and fast magnetosonic surfaces from early times, confirming the effectiveness of the acceleration mechanism at the onset of jet formation. Our study reveals that the upper jet regions are transitioning toward Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI), while the jet base continues to exhibit wave activity. At t=700, doubling the saturation parameter reduces these oscillations and suppresses KHI, indicating faster plasma propagation. Analysis of the vertical profile of the current density, J_z, shows a clear correlation between increased saturation and both enhanced jet acceleration and current density. Furthermore, the ratio of electric currents at the Alfvén point, I_A, and sub-magnetosonic point, I_sm, indicates that higher saturation significantly improves the efficiency of matter propulsion and energy transfer within the jet. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Electric current Jet dynamics Magnetohydrodynamics simulations Saturated thermal conduction Young stellar objects

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Adaptation of deep learning models to distinguish species with strongly overlapping characteristics: the example of spores of the genus Riccia

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Ecological Informatics 2025年 90卷

作者： Stefan Herdy Martina Pöltl Christian Berg Bettina Weber Department of Biology Holteigasse 6 University of Graz Graz Austria Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Studienzentrum Naturkunde Universalmuseum Joanneum 8045 Graz Austria

The liverwort genus Riccia is fairly characteristic in itself, but differentiation between some of the species herein proved as complex. Morphological thallus characteristics show a wide overlap and variation, also influenced by environmental conditions, whereas spore characteristics might be more consistent within individual species. Thus, here we investigated if morphological spore characteristics can be analyzed by means of generative as well as discriminative deep learning models, allowing a differentiation between very similar species. We applied a modified Generative Adversarial Network on spore images of the genus Riccia to generate images, that have a better expression of class specific morphological features. We also created one single spore image for every species that comprises the representative species characteristics. This approach allowed us to also distinguish morphologically very similar taxa and to quantify the morphological similarity between them. Our results show that generative modeling can improve morphological species classification in biology and provides a framework to quantify qualitative species features and similarities. These new tools facilitate more accurate and efficient species identification, thus greatly advancing methodologies in taxonomic research and environmental monitoring.

关键词： Deep learning GAN WGAN Machine vision Liverworts

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An Efficient Elitist Covariance Matrix Adaptation for Continuous Local Search in High Dimension

An Efficient Elitist Covariance Matrix Adaptation for Contin...

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IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (IEEE CEC)

作者： Li, Zhenhua Deng, Jingda Gao, Weifeng Zhang, Qingfu Liu, Hai-Lin Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781728121536

In this paper, we propose a computationally efficient variant of elitist covariance matrix evolution strategy for continuous local search in high dimensional space. It focuses on searching in a low-dimensional subspace expanded by a small number of promising search directions. This leads to the linear internal computational complexity of each iteration, which enables the algorithm to scale to high dimensional problems. We conduct comprehensive experiments to evaluate the parameter sensitivity and the algorithm's performance. The experimental results validate that the proposed algorithm reduces the running time by a factor of ten, and it can be easily scaled up to n > 1000 on a set of commonly used test functions.

关键词： Covariance matrices Matrix decomposition Adaptation models Search problems Optimization Convergence Computational modeling

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Vesp'R - Transforming handheld augmented reality 07

Vesp'R - Transforming handheld augmented reality

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2007 6th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality, ISMAR

作者： Kruijffe, Ernst Veas, Eduardo Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology

This paper presents first results of an interaction design study performed for a novel handheld interaction system. Human factors of mid-size, self-containing wearable computer systems are explored. ©2007 IEEE.

ISBN: (纸本)9781424417506

关键词： Augmented reality

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A hybrid user interface for manipulation of volumetric medical data

A hybrid user interface for manipulation of volumetric medic...

引用

IEEE Virtual Reality 2006

作者： Bornik, Alexander Beichel, Reinhard Kruijff, Ernst Reitinger, Bernhard Schmalstieg, Dieter Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)1424402247

This paper presents a novel system for interactive visualization and manipulation of medical datasets for surgery planning based on a hybrid VR / Tablet PC user interface. The goal of the system is to facilitate efficient visual inspection and correction of surface models generated by automated segmentation algorithms based on x-ray computed tomography scans, needed for planning surgical interventions. Factors like the quality of the visualization, nature of the dataset and interaction efficiency strongly influence system design decisions, in particular the design of the user interface, input devices and interaction techniques, leading to a hybrid setup. Finally, a user study is presented, which characterizes the system in terms of method efficiency and usability. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Data privacy

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On-line boosting and vision

On-line boosting and vision

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2006 IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2006

作者： Grabner, Helmut Bischof, Horst Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)0769525970

Boosting has become very popular in computer vision, showing impressive performance in detection and recognition tasks. Mainly off-line training methods have been used, which implies that all training data has to be a priori given;training and usage of the classifier are separate steps. Training the classifier on-line and incrementally as new data becomes available has several advantages and opens new areas of application for boosting in computer vision. In this paper we propose a novel on-line AdaBoost feature selection method. In conjunction with efficient feature extraction methods the method is real time capable. We demonstrate the multifariousness of the method on such diverse tasks as learning complex background models, visual tracking and object detection. All approaches benefit significantly by the on-line training. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Online systems

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