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International Conference on computer graphics Theory and Applications, GRAPP 2013 and International Conference on Information visualization Theory and Applications, IVAPP 2013

作者： Eggeling, Eva Fellner, Dieter W. Halm, Andreas Ullrich, Torsten Fraunhofer Austria Research GmbH Inffeldgasse 16c Graz Austria Institute of Computer Graphics and Knowledge Visualization TU Graz Graz Austria GRIS TU Darmstadt and Fraunhofer IGD Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789898565464

In this paper, we present an algorithm to optimize a 3D stereoscopic display based on parallax barriers for a driving simulator. The main purpose of the simulator is to enable user studies in reproducible laboratory conditions to test and evaluate driving assistance systems. The main idea of our optimization approach is to determine by numerical analysis the best pattern for an autostereoscopic display with the best image separation for each eye, integrated into a virtual reality environment. Our implementation uses a differential evolution algorithm, which is a parallel, direct search method based on evolution strategies, because it converges fast and is inherently parallel. This allows an execution on a network of computers. The resulting algorithm allows optimizing the display and its corresponding pattern, such that a single user in the simulator environment sees a stereoscopic image without being supported by special eye-wear.

关键词： Global optimization

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Novel uses of Pinch Gloves™ for virtual environment interaction techniques

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Virtual Reality 2002年第3期6卷 122-129页

作者： Bowman, D.A. Wingrave, C.A. Campbell, J.M. Ly, V.Q. Rhoton, C.J. Department of Computer Science Virginia Tech. Blacksburg VA United States College of Computing Graphics Visualization and Usability Center Georgia Institute of Technology GA United States Department of Computer Science (0106) Virginia Tech. Blacksburg VA 24061 United States

The usability of three-dimensional (3D) interaction techniques depends upon both the interface software and the physical devices used. However, little research has addressed the issue of mapping 3D input devices to interaction techniques and applications. This is especially crucial in the field of Virtual Environments (VEs), where there exists a wide range of potential 3D input devices. In this paper, we discuss the use of Pinch Gloves™ - gloves that report contact between two or more fingers - as input devices for VE systems. We begin with an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the gloves as a 3D input device. Next, we present a broad overview of three novel interaction techniques we have developed using the gloves, including a menu system, a text input technique, and a two-handed navigation technique. All three of these techniques have been evaluated for both usability and task performance. Finally, we speculate on further uses for the gloves. © Springer-Verlag London Ltd.

关键词： 3D Input Devices Interaction Techniques Pinch Gloves Usability Evaluation Virtual Environments

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Optimal regular volume sampling 01

Optimal regular volume sampling

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IEEE Conference on visualization

作者： T. Theussl T. Moller M.E. Groller Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms Vienna University of Technology Graphics Usability and Visualization Lab Simon Fraser University Canada Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms Vienna University of Technology Austria

ISBN: (纸本)0780372018

The classification of volumetric data sets as well as their rendering algorithms are typically based on the representation of the underlying grid. Grid structures based on a Cartesian lattice are the de-facto standard for regular representations of volumetric data. In this paper we introduce a more general concept of regular grids for the representation of volumetric data. We demonstrate that a specific type of regular lattice-the so-called body-centered cubic-is able to represent the same data set as a Cartesian grid to the same accuracy but with 29.3% fewer samples. This speeds up traditional volume rendering algorithms by the same ratio, which we demonstrate by adopting a splatting implementation for these new lattices. We investigate different filtering methods required for computing the normals on this lattice. The lattice representation results also in lossless compression ratios that are better than previously reported. Although other regular grid structures achieve the same sample efficiency, the body-centered cubic is particularly easy to use. The only assumption necessary is that the underlying volume is isotropic and band-limited-an assumption that is valid for most practical data sets.

关键词： Sampling methods Lattices Signal sampling computer graphics Data visualization Signal processing algorithms Physics Energy states Image processing Image sampling

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Towards process-oriented Information visualization for supporting users

Towards process-oriented Information Visualization for suppo...

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International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learning (ICL)

作者： Dirk Burkhardt Tobias Ruppert Kawa Nazemi Information Visualization and Visual Analytics Fraunhofer-Institute for Computer Graphics Research Darmstadt Germany

Nowadays daily office work consists of dealing with big numbers of data and data sources, and furthermore of working with complex computer programs. In consequence many users have problems to use such programs effective and efficient. In particular beginners have significant problems to use the programs correctly due to complex functionality and interaction options. To avoid this overload of the user, the Information visualization community has recently developed some approaches that aim to support the users. Unfortunately, these approaches are limited to one special aspect, and sometimes they are just appropriate for one special task. Thus, in this paper we introduce a process-oriented user-supporting approach. It allows selecting adequate supporting techniques in correlation to a performed process and activity to guide the user and help him to solve his task. Furthermore, we show the benefits of designing programs and applications, which implement process definitions for the existing tasks to provide the user with better process orientation. This guides the user through difficult and complex processes.

关键词： Data visualization Semantics Visual analytics Keyboards computers Concrete

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Texture-based visualization of unsteady 3d flow by real-time advection and volumetric illumination

Texture-based visualization of unsteady 3d flow by real-time...

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作者： Weiskopf, Daniel Schafhitzel, Tobias Ertl, Thomas IEEE Computer Society Graphics Visualization and Usability Lab. School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada Institute of Visualization and Interactive Systems University of Stuttgart Universitätsstr. 38 70569 Stuttgart Germany

This paper presents an interactive technique for the dense texture-based visualization of unsteady 3D flow, taking into account issues of computational efficiency and visual perception. High efficiency is achieved by a 3D graphics processing unit (QPU)-based texture advection mechanism that implements logical 3D grid structures by physical memory in the form of 2D textures. This approach results in fast read and write access to physical memory, independent of GPU architecture. Slice-based direct volume rendering is used for the final display. We investigate two alternative methods for the volumetric illumination of the result of texture advection: First, gradient-based illumination that employs a real-time computation of gradients, and, second, line-based lighting based on illumination in codimension 2. In addition to the Phong model, perception-guided rendering methods are considered, such as cool/warm shading, halo rendering, or color-based depth cueing. The problems of clutter and occlusion are addressed by supporting a volumetric importance function that enhances features of the flow and reduces visual complexity in less interesting regions. GPU implementation aspects, performance measurements, and a discussion of results are included to demonstrate our visualization approach. © 2007 IEEE.

关键词： Data visualization

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A scalable repository infrastructure for CH digital object management

A scalable repository infrastructure for CH digital object m...

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2012 18th International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia: Virtual Systems in the Information Society, VSMM 2012

作者： Pan, X. Schiffer, T. Schröttner, M. Havemann, S. Hecher, M. Berndt, R. Fellner, D.W. Institute of Computer Graphics and Knowledge Visualization Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 16c 8010 Graz Austria Fraunhofer Austria Research Visual Computing Inffeldgasse 16c 8010 Graz Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781467325653

In recent decades, researchers of archaeological 3D digitalization found that the collection and archive of processing intermediate data are extremely tiresome tasks. They need large of man power and material resources, even though, mistakes can be raised and break the whole working chain. The traditional documentation of digitalization process is also a pending challenge, although, the ISO standard CIDOC-CRM (ISO 21127:2006) has been introduced to the archaeologists and museum professionals since years, but there are still some obvious gaps between practice and theory: (1) How to connect the discrete archaeologists, museums, CH research institutions, and the public? (2) How to ensure the integrity of whole digitalization process and simplify the process? (3) How to maximize the usability of the public digital objects in CH community? (4) How to long term preserve the huge amount of datasets? (5) How to present and disseminate the digital object to the public? This paper presents an operational and optimal infrastructure that realizes not only a distributed storage system, but also a content management system. This infrastructure works as a backbone of whole digitalization process, provides a complete solution suite for archaeologists, museum professionals, museum visitors, and IT technicians. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Digital storage

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From game events to team tactics: Visual analysis of dangerous situations in multi-match data

From game events to team tactics: Visual analysis of dangero...

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International Conference on Technology and Innovation in Sports, Health and Wellbeing (TISHW)

作者： Manuel Stein Halldór Janetzko Andreas Lamprecht Daniel Seebacher Tobias Schreck Daniel Keim Michael Grossniklaus Department of Computer and Information Science University of Konstanz Institute for Computer Graphics and Knowledge Visualization Graz University of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781509057283

Sport analytics in general and soccer analytics in particular constitute quickly growing markets when it comes to professional analyses and visualizations. From a data analysis research perspective, soccer is a rich source of geospatial and temporal movement data, with high details and a controlled environment. However, soccer movement is complex as its compounds are actions and reactions of two opposing teams with inverse goals. Common analyses performed today are typically oriented towards statistical analysis and considering aggregate measurements. In this work, we propose a set of effective visual-interactive methods for investigating set plays as a first step towards semi-automated analysis of tactic behavior. In our analytic design, we follow the so-called Information-seeking Mantra by Ben Shneiderman by providing overview visualizations, interactive refinements, and detailed analysis views. We take an applied approach in showing case studies that give evidence for the applicability and merits of our proposed techniques.

关键词： Data visualization visualization Technological innovation Games Data analysis Computational modeling Analytical models

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Cloud simulation in virtual environments

Cloud simulation in virtual environments

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IEEE Annual International Symposium Virtual Reality

作者： M. Unbescheiden A. Trembilski Department for Visualization & Virtual Reality Fraunhofer Institute of Computer Graphics Research (IGD) Darmstadt Germany

In this paper, we present a new method of simulating and visualizing smoke and steam clouds in virtual environments (VEs). We use a particle system approach, but reduce the particle numbers to decrease the computation and rendering times. Special care, however is taken for the presentation quality of the clouds. From every viewing point (even within the clouds), the VE user does not have the impression that the clouds are hollow polyhedrons, but rather fuzzy objects.

关键词： Clouds Computational modeling Virtual environment Animation Data visualization Urban planning Fires Layout Virtual reality computer graphics

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RDEPS: A combined Reaction-Diffusion Equation and Photometric Similarity filter for optical image restoration 12th

RDEPS: A combined Reaction-Diffusion Equation and Photometri...

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12th International Symposium on Visual Computing, ISVC 2016

作者： Zhao, Xueqing Mavridis, Pavlos Schreck, Tobias Kuijper, Arjan School of Computer Science Xi’an Polytechnic University Xi’an710048 China Institute for Computer Graphics and Knowledge Visualization Graz University of Technology Graz8010 Austria Fraunhofer IGD Darmstadt64283 Germany Technische Universität Darmstadt Darmstadt64289 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319508313

Restoration of optical images degraded by atmospheric turbulence and various types of noise is still an open problem. In this paper, we propose an optical image restoration method based on a Reaction- Diffusion Equation and Photometric Similarity (RDEPS). We exploit photometric similarity and geometric closeness of the optical image by combining a photometric similarity function and a appropriately defined reaction-diffusion equation. Our resulting RDEPS filter is used to restore images degraded by atmospheric turbulence and noise, including Gaussian noise and impulse noise. Extensive experimental results show that our method outperforms other recently developed methods in terms of PSNR and SSIM. Moreover, the computational efficiency analysis shows that our RDEPS provides efficient restoration of optical images. © Springer International Publishing AG 2016.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Importance-Driven Particle Techniques for Flow visualization

Importance-Driven Particle Techniques for Flow Visualization

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Pacific (formerly Asia-Pacific APVIS) visualization Symposium

作者： Kai Burger Polina Kondratieva Jens Kruger Rudiger Westermann Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Technische Universität München Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Technische Universität München Germany Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute University of Utah USA

Particle tracing has been established as a powerful visualization technique to show the dynamics of 3D flows. Particle tracing in 3D, however, quickly overextends the viewer due to the massive amount of visual information that is typically produced by this technique. In this paper, we present strategies to reduce this amount at the same time revealing important structures in the flow. As an importance measure, we introduce a simple, yet effective clustering approach for vector fields, and we use scalar flow quantities at different scales in combination with user-defined regions of interest. These measures are used to control the shape, the appearance, and the density of particles in such a way that the user can focus on the dynamics in important regions at the same time preserving context information. We also introduce a new focus for particle tracing, so called anchor lines. Anchor lines are used to analyze local flow features by visualizing how much particles separate over time and how long it takes until they have separated to a fixed distance. It is of particular interest if the finite time Lyapunov exponent - a scalar quantity that measures the rate of separation of infinitesimally close particles in the flow - is used to guide the placement of anchor lines. The effectiveness of our approaches for the visualization of 3D flow fields is validated using synthetic fields as well as real simulation data.

关键词： Data visualization computer graphics Particle measurements Shape measurement Time measurement Shape control Rendering (computer graphics) Scientific computing Density measurement Focusing

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