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2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2024

作者： Scheible, Raphael Frei, Johann Thomczyk, Fabian He, Henry Tippmann, Patric Knaus, Jochen Jaravine, Victor Kramer, Frank Boeker, Martin Institute for AI and Informatics in Medicine University Hospital rechts der Isar Technical University Munich Germany IT-Infrastructure for Translational Medical Research Faculty of Applied Computer Science University of Augsburg Germany Data Integration Center Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Germany School of Computation Information and Technology Technical University Munich Germany Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics Medical Center Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Germany Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modeling University of Freiburg Germany Hengrui Europe Biosciences Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761643

Pre-trained language models have significantly advanced natural language processing (NLP), especially with the introduction of BERT and its optimized version, RoBERTa. While initial research focused on English, single-language models can be advantageous compared to multilingual ones in terms of pre-training effort, overall resource efficiency or downstream task performance. Despite the growing popularity of prompt-based LLMs, more compute-efficient BERT-like models remain highly relevant. In this work, we present the first German single-language RoBERTa model, GottBERT, pre-trained exclusively on the German portion of the OSCAR dataset. Additionally, we investigated the impact of filtering the OSCAR corpus. GottBERT was pre-trained using fairseq and standard hyperparameters. We evaluated its performance on two Named Entity Recognition (NER) tasks (Conll 2003 and GermEval 2014) and three text classification tasks (GermEval 2018 fine and coarse, and 10kGNAD) against existing German BERT models and two multilingual models. Performance was measured using the F1 score and accuracy. The GottBERT base and large models showed competitive performance, with GottBERT leading among the base models in 4 of 6 tasks. Contrary to our expectation, the applied filtering did not significantly affect the results. To support the German NLP research community, we are releasing the GottBERT models under the MIT license. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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DCT-CNN Hybrid Model for High-Capacity and Secure data Concealment in Encrypted Images

DCT-CNN Hybrid Model for High-Capacity and Secure Data Conce...

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Advances in Computing, Communication and Applied Informatics (ACCAI), International Conference on

作者： Adithya Pothan Raj V Yogita Dayanand Patil Madhurikkha S V. Srithar Vidhya Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Department of Engineering Science Vishwakarma University pune Department of Artificial Intelligence & Data Science Jaya Sakthi Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Applications Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science and Technology Department Of Computer Science and Engineering Jeppiaar Engineering College

ISBN: (数字)9798350389449

ISBN: (纸本)9798350389456

This research article presents a revolutionary approach to address the challenges of reversible data embedding in encrypted images within cloud networks. Our pioneering algorithm combines the potency of the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to introduce a novel DCT-CNN hybrid model, specifically designed for efficient and high-capacity reversible data hiding. Diverging from conventional methods, our approach eliminates the need for trial data embedding during predictor selection. The initial phase involves estimating the optimal predictor using CNN, where training labels are forged through a trial embedding procedure. The selected predictor, providing the highest embedding rate, is assigned as the class label for the corresponding encrypted image. Users secure their images through a three-tier encryption process before transferring them to the cloud. During the testing phase, the trained CNN model processes encrypted images uploaded by users to determine the predictor class with the maximum embedding capacity. data embedding is then executed using the classified predictor. The proposed predictor storage demonstrates impressive results, achieving an accuracy, recall, and precision of $93.9 \%, 92.6 \%$, and $95.3 \%$ in average, respectively, particularly for the BossBase dataset. Additionally, our reversible data embedding algorithm, employing the DCT-CNN paradigm, achieves a commendable embedding rate of 69.1bpp, along with an average PSNR of 38.8 dB and SSIM of 0.93 in average. Evaluations conducted on datasets, including BossBase and BOWS-2, convincingly demonstrate the stoutness and effectiveness of the proposed method. This research introduces a unique perspective to the realm of reversible data embedding in cloud networks, offering a promising solution for secure and high-capacity data concealment within encrypted images.

关键词： Measurement Training Accuracy Computational modeling Prediction algorithms data models Encryption

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Predicting Hand Injury Severity Using Bayesian networks in Cloud-Based Emergency Medicine 10

Predicting Hand Injury Severity Using Bayesian Networks in C...

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10th International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing, ICCSP 2024

作者： Yuvaraj, S. Thinakaran, K. Srinivas, S. Porandla Sivakumar, S. Ishwarya, M.V. Thirumaraiselvan, P. Srm Institute of Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Chennai Tamil Nadu Kattankulathur India Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha School of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India Malla Reddy Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Information Technology Telangana Hyderabad India Department of Computer Science Tamil Nadu Perambalur India Agni College of Technology Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Department Tamil Nadu Thazhambur India Adhiparasakthi Engineering College Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Tamil Nadu Melmaruvathur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353068

Predicting the severity of hand injuries in emergency care is the focus of this study, which suggests using cloud-based Bayesian networks. It is crucial to have accurate severity prediction in order to treat emergency hand injuries promptly since they are prevalent. By using the scalability and flexibility of cloud computing, this method constructs a Bayesian severity assessment network with patient data, injury characteristics, and historical medical records. The model's training data comes from a massive database of hand injury cases with different results. Emergency medical professionals may use real-time parameter modifications to strengthen and adapt the Bayesian network. Through the use of the cloud, healthcare providers may simply exchange data and reach consensus. It demonstrates that, compared to other well-established methods of evaluating hand injury severity, the model performs better in making predictions. The suggested method improves severity forecasts and advances cloud-based emergency care. The method for emergency hand injury care uses Bayesian networks in the cloud to improve scalability and accessibility. The findings show that the data-driven and efficient hand injury severity prediction method might transform emergency care by improving patient outcomes. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Bayesian networks

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Personalized Care for Multiple Sclerosis with IoT Wearables and Deep Learning

Personalized Care for Multiple Sclerosis with IoT Wearables ...

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2024 Asian Conference on Intelligent Technologies, ACOIT 2024

作者： Vetriselvi, D. Sampathrajan, Rajeshkumar Deepa, A. Sujatha, V. Deepa, P. Pandi Murugan, S. Department of Computing Technologies School of Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu Chennai India McKinsey & Company Fort WorthTX United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Shree Sathyam College of Engineering and Technology Tamil Nadu Salem India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Agni College of Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Tamil Nadu Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374933

This research work presents a new method for improving individualized treatment for patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) by combining Internet of Things (IoT) wearables with deep learning (DL) methods, namely Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks. MS is a long-term autoimmune disorder that affects the central nervous system. It is marked by unexpected episodes of worsening symptoms and periods of improvement, highlighting the need for tailored therapy. The widespread use of IoT devices presents unique possibilities for the ongoing monitoring of many physiological and activity measurements important to the development and symptoms of MS. Using LSTM networks, which are very proficient in analyzing temporal sequences, create a prediction model that may anticipate exacerbations of MS symptoms and customize therapies appropriately. Through the analysis of longitudinal data obtained from IoT devices, our model acquires knowledge about unique patterns of illness development and treatment response. This knowledge allows us to create customized care plans for individuals. These paths include proactive activities such as adjusting medication, making lifestyle changes, and seeking early medical advice. The goal is to reduce the worsening of symptoms, improve the quality of life, and optimize treatment results for individuals with MS. The proposed method shows potential for transforming the treatment of MS by offering proactive and patient-centered therapy adaptable to individual requirements and the dynamics of the illness. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Patient treatment

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MassSpecGym: A benchmark for the discovery and identification of molecules 38

MassSpecGym: A benchmark for the discovery and identificatio...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Bushuiev, Roman Bushuiev, Anton de Jonge, Niek F. Young, Adamo Kretschmer, Fleming Samusevich, Raman Heirman, Janne Wang, Fei Zhang, Luke Dührkop, Kai Ludwig, Marcus Haupt, Nils A. Kalia, Apurva Brungs, Corinna Schmid, Robin Greiner, Russell Wang, Bo Wishart, David S. Liu, Li-Ping Rousu, Juho Bittremieux, Wout Rost, Hannes Mak, Tytus D. Hassoun, Soha Huber, Florian van der Hooft, Justin J.J. Stravs, Michael A. Böcker, Sebastian Sivic, Josef Pluskal, Tomáš Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry The Czech Academy of Sciences Czech Republic Czech Institute of Informatics Robotics and Cybernetics Czech Technical University Czech Republic Bioinformatics Group Wageningen University & Research Netherlands Department of Computer Science University of Toronto Canada Bioinformatics Institute for Computer Science Friedrich Schiller University Jena Germany Department of Computer Science University of Antwerp Belgium Department of computing science University of Alberta Canada Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute Canada Department of Molecular Genetics University of Toronto Canada Bright Giant GmbH Department of Computer Science Tufts University United States Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Canada Department of Computer Science Aalto University Finland Mass Spectrometry Data Center National Institute of Standards and Technology United States Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Tufts University United States Centre for Digitalisation and Digitality University of Applied Sciences Düsseldorf Germany Department of Biochemistry University of Johannesburg South Africa Eawag Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Switzerland

The discovery and identification of molecules in biological and environmental samples is crucial for advancing biomedical and chemical sciences. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is the leading technique for high-throughput elucidation of molecular structures. However, decoding a molecular structure from its mass spectrum is exceptionally challenging, even when performed by human experts. As a result, the vast majority of acquired MS/MS spectra remain uninterpreted, thereby limiting our understanding of the underlying (bio)chemical processes. Despite decades of progress in machine learning applications for predicting molecular structures from MS/MS spectra, the development of new methods is severely hindered by the lack of standard datasets and evaluation protocols. To address this problem, we propose MassSpecGym - the first comprehensive benchmark for the discovery and identification of molecules from MS/MS data. Our benchmark comprises the largest publicly available collection of high-quality labeled MS/MS spectra and defines three MS/MS annotation challenges: de novo molecular structure generation, molecule retrieval, and spectrum simulation. It includes new evaluation metrics and a generalization-demanding data split, therefore standardizing the MS/MS annotation tasks and rendering the problem accessible to the broad machine learning community. MassSpecGym is publicly available at https://***/pluskal-lab/MassSpecGym. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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SAMPLING-FREE INFERENCE FOR AB-INITIO POTENTIAL ENERGY SURFACE networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Gao, Nicholas Günnemann, Stephan Department of Computer Science Munich Data Science Institute Technical University of Munich Germany

Recently, it has been shown that neural networks not only approximate the ground-state wave functions of a single molecular system well but can also generalize to multiple geometries. While such generalization significantly speeds up training, each energy evaluation still requires Monte Carlo integration which limits the evaluation to a few geometries. In this work, we address the inference shortcomings by proposing the Potential learning from ab-initio networks (PlaNet) framework, in which we simultaneously train a surrogate model in addition to the neural wave function. At inference time, the surrogate avoids expensive Monte-Carlo integration by directly estimating the energy, accelerating the process from hours to milliseconds. In this way, we can accurately model high-resolution multi-dimensional energy surfaces for larger systems that previously were unobtainable via neural wave functions. Finally, we explore an additional inductive bias by introducing physically-motivated restricted neural wave function models. We implement such a function with several additional improvements in the new PESNet++ model. In our experimental evaluation, PlaNet accelerates inference by 7 orders of magnitude for larger molecules like ethanol while preserving accuracy. Compared to previous energy surface networks, PESNet++ reduces energy errors by up to 74 %. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Wave functions

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Multimodal Knowledge Graph Vision-Language Models for Precision Retrieval and Inference in Embedded Systems

Multimodal Knowledge Graph Vision-Language Models for Precis...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2024

作者： Li, Mingyi Li, Jiayin Liu, Hui Han, Lijin Liao, Dengting Zhang, Zekun Gao, Zong Liu, Baoshuai Jin, Zhongfeng School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China School of Computing and Data Science Xiamen University Malaysia Selangor 43900 Malaysia Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Mathematicas Zhangjiang Institute of Shanghai Shanghai201203 China China North Vehicle Research Institute General Technology Department 100072 China Coordination Center of China GNational Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team 100083 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481090

In light of the challenges associated with enhancing multimodal knowledge graph retrieval and improving embodied intelligence in dynamic environments, we propose the Multimodal Knowledge Graph Vision-Language System (MKGVL). This system is designed to enhance the reasoning and feedback capabilities of embodied intelligent systems by continuously updating the knowledge graph through real-time feedback from the Vision-Language Model (VLM). By integrating visual encoders, language models, and knowledge graph networks, MKGVL constructs a unified multimodal representation that enables adaptive decision-making and responsiveness to environmental changes. Experimental results show that MKGVL outperforms existing models in fine-grained retrieval tasks, achieving an 11.5% improvement in Rank1 accuracy and a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 97.49%. Further evaluations conducted on datasets such as ARKitScenes, MultiScan, and 3RScan highlight the model's robustness and adaptability. Additionally, MKGVL's deployment on embedded platforms like Jetson Orin demonstrates its efficiency in real-time multimodal tasks, particularly in resource-constrained environments. These findings underscore MKGVL's ability to deliver accurate and efficient multimodal processing, making it a strong solution for adaptive knowledge-based systems in complex settings. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Efficient MILP Decomposition in Quantum Computing for ReLU Network Robustness

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Franco, Nicola Wollschläger, Tom Poggel, Benedikt Günnemann, Stephan Lorenz, Jeanette Miriam Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems IKS Munich Germany Dept. of Computer Science Munich Data Science Institute Technical Univ. of Munich Germany

Emerging quantum computing technologies, such as Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, offer potential advancements in solving mathematical optimization problems. However, limitations in qubit availability, noise, and errors pose challenges for practical implementation. In this study, we examine two decomposition methods for Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) designed to reduce the original problem size and utilize available NISQ devices more efficiently. We concentrate on breaking down the original problem into smaller subproblems, which are then solved iteratively using a combined quantum-classical hardware approach. We conduct a detailed analysis for the decomposition of MILP with Benders and Dantzig-Wolfe methods. In our analysis, we show that the number of qubits required to solve Benders is exponentially large in the worst-case, while remains constant for Dantzig-Wolfe. Additionally, we leverage Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition on the use-case of certifying the robustness of ReLU networks. Our experimental results demonstrate that this approach can save up to 90% of qubits compared to existing methods on quantum annealing and gate-based quantum computers. © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Qubits

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IoT-Driven Image Recognition for Microplastic Analysis in Water Systems using Convolutional Neural networks 2

IoT-Driven Image Recognition for Microplastic Analysis in Wa...

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2nd International Conference on computer, Communication and Control, IC4 2024

作者： Hasan, M D Ashfaqul Balasubadra, K. Vadivel, G. Arunfred, N. Ishwarya, M.V. Murugan, S. Malla Reddy Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Telangana Hyderabad India R.M.D. Engineering College Kavaraipettai Department of Information Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India University of Technology and Applied Science Department of Information Technology Dhofar Salalah Oman Srm Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Faculty of Management Studies Tamil Nadu Chennai India Agni College of Technology Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Department Tamil Nadu Thazhambur India Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Saveetha School of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387933

Microplastic pollution in water systems is growing, requiring novel detection and analysis methods. This research presents an Internet of Things (IoT)-driven image identification system using Convolutional Neural networks (CNNs) to detect and quantify microplastics in water samples. The suggested method is more scalable and responsive due to IoT real-time data capture and remote monitoring of water infrastructure. An innovative CNN architecture for image processing allows the system to accurately identify micro plastics. The CNN model is trained and validated using a large dataset of micro plastic-containing water samples. The trained model can recognize various sizes, shapes, and colors of micro plastics, making it responsive to different environmental situations. The IoT architecture also allows image recognition modules in dispersed sensor nodes to cover water systems. Extensive studies prove the system can analyze vast amounts of image data quickly and reliably. Edge computing also minimizes latency and improves micro plastic analysis system responsiveness. The suggested IoT-driven image recognition method for continuous micro plastic pollution monitoring and evaluation in water systems seems promising. Scalability, realtime capabilities, and accuracy make it useful for environmental monitoring agencies and academics trying to reduce microplastics' influence on aquatic ecosystems. This system advances IoT applications in environmental and pollution management. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Large datasets

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Optimizing Supply Chain Operations through Machine Learning: Opportunities and Challenges

Optimizing Supply Chain Operations through Machine Learning:...

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2025 International Conference on Pervasive Computational Technologies, ICPCT 2025

作者： Santhakumar, D. Soundararajan, Gopalakrishnan Chintala, Suman Bharath, E. Murthy Inumula, Krishna Chouhan, Kuldeep Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thandalam Tamil Nadu Chennai602105 India Muscat College Ruwi Oman Business Intelligence Architect United States C K College of Engineering & Technology Anna University Department of Artificial Intelligence & Data Science Tamil Nadu Cuddalore India Maharashtra Pune411057 India Sharda School of Engineering and Technology Sharda University Department of Computer Science and Applications Greater Noida201310 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508685

In order to create enduring partnerships that are essential to attaining long-term economic success, supply chain management, or SCM, is essential. Strict standards and decision-making procedures are necessary for efficient SCM, and they have a big influence on the final results. In order to efficiently manage inventory levels and logistical procedures, this study offers a complex ML system that combines demand forecasts and optimisation methods. For predicting demand, the approach uses a Generative Adversarial networks (GAN) model, taking advantage of its capacity to process time-series data and identify intricate trends. The algorithm achieves an impressive 96.4% forecasting of demand accuracy by examining extensive historical sales data and a variety of supply chain variables. In order to optimise inventory rules, the investigation also uses optimisation techniques, particularly Genetic Algorithms (GA) in conjunction with Simulated Annealing (SA). The model demonstrated significant improvements when implemented to an actual commercial logistics system. Notably, it reduced storage expenses by 19% and increased order fulfillment rates by 24%, proving its capacity for combining service standards with financial efficiency. The findings highlight the significant impact of ML on improving supply chain efficiency and show how it can result in significant cost savings and improve service quality. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Simulated annealing

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