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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第6期5卷 3270-3283页

作者： Xu, Xu Lv, Wenrui Wang, Wei Zhang, Yushu Chen, Junxin Dalian University of Technology School of Software Dalian116621 China Northeastern University School of Computer Science and Engineering Shenyang110004 China Shenzhen MSU-BIT University Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Emotion Intelligence and Pervasive Computing Artificial Intelligence Research Institute Shenzhen518172 China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Medical Technology Beijing100081 China Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing210016 China

Nowadays, massive amounts of multimedia contents are exchanged in our daily life, while tampered images are also flooding the social networks. Tampering detection is therefore becoming increasingly important for multimedia integrity, and it is generally realized by designing specific convolutional neural networks. From a new perspective, this article proposes two pluggable modules for empowering existing semantic segmentation models for tampering detection. First, a selective frequency enhancement (SFE) module is developed to suppress the semantic information and selectively enhance the tamper information. Second, a boundary enhanced attention (BEA) module is designed to highlight the edge information of tempered area. Our SFE and BEA modules are combined with five mainstream semantic segmentation networks for performance evaluation. The experiment results demonstrate that our modules are able to empower the semantic segmentation networks for tampering detection, and their combinations even perform better than state-of-the-art algorithms in certain datasets. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Unknown Input Observers Breaking Confidentiality of Controller States 63

Unknown Input Observers Breaking Confidentiality of Controll...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Breukelman, Enno Sandberg, Henrik Kth Royal Institute of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Division of Decision and Control Systems Malvinas väg 10 StockholmSE-100 44 Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

Driven by ubiquitous digitalization and cyberattacks on critical infrastructure, there is a high interest in research on the security of cyber-physical systems. If an attacker gains access to protected and sensitive information, such as the internal states of a control system, this is considered a breach of confidentiality. Access to sensitive information can be the first step in a larger cyber-attack scheme, such as a stealthy false data injection attack. Considering process and measurement noise in the plant, existing research investigated when an attacker equipped with a Kalman filter can perfectly estimate the internal controller states if the attacker has access to plant measurements and all model parameters. For this estimate to converge, the controller is required to have stable poles. In this paper, we show that if the attacker has access to the control inputs instead of the plant measurements, the controller needs to have stable zeros. Additionally, we demonstrate that an attacker equipped with an Unknown Input Observer, using tools from delayed system inversion, can get a delayed yet perfect estimate of the controller states from the control inputs without knowledge of the plant's parameters and noise characteristics. Lastly, we present simulation results from a three-tank system to showcase the differences in controller state estimation. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Delay control systems

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Universal Construction for Linearizable but Not Strongly Linearizable Concurrent Objects 10th

Universal Construction for Linearizable but Not Strongly L...

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10th International Symposium on Dependable software engineering: Theories, Tools and Applications, SETTA 2024

作者： Wang, Chao Wu, Peng Petri, Gustavo Jia, Qiaowen He, Youlin Lv, Yi Liu, Zhiming Centre for Research and Innovation in Software Engineering College of Computer and Information Science Southwest University Chongqing China and State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Arm Research Cambridge United Kingdom China Great Wall Technology Group Co. Ltd. Shenzhen China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819606016

Strong linearizability is a variant of linearizability and is more suitable for verification. In this paper we investigate the following two problems: (1) for which deterministic sequential specifications there exist linearizable but not strongly linearizable objects;(2) can we capture any violation scheme of strong linearizability for practical objects that are linearizable but not strongly linearizable. To deal with the first problem, we propose two classes of deterministic sequential specifications called inclusively-permutative sequential specifications and exclusively-permutative sequential specifications. The first class of sequential specifications contains sequential specifications of counter, register, max-register, snapshot, set, queue, stack and priority queue. The second class of sequential specifications contains sequential specifications of blocking queue, blocking stack and blocking priority queue. To establish these results, we propose a uniform methodology to construct a wait-free, linearizable but not strongly linearizable object for these two classes of sequential specifications. Our universal construction is based on the classical universal construction, and it additionally permits each operation to change the "take-effect-order" of previous operations. To deal with the second problem, we use bi-branch distinguishable executions to represent violations of strong linearizability. We investigate eight objects that are linearizable but not strongly linearizable, and we show that for each object, it has a pair of bi-branch distinguishable executions such that our universal construction can generate another pair of bi-branch distinguishable executions with the same set of histories. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

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Enhancing Language Models Through Prompt engineering - A Survey

Enhancing Language Models Through Prompt Engineering - A Sur...

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Intelligent systems, Smart and Green Technologies (ICISSGT), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Chinimilli Venkata Rama Padmaja S Lakshminarayana Computer Science & Engineering Institute of Aeronautical Engineering Hyderabad India Computer Science & Systems Engineering Andhra University Visakhapatnam India

ISBN: (数字)9798350304329

ISBN: (纸本)9798350304336

In recent years, language models have undergone significant advancements with models like GPT-3, showcasing impressive abilities in natural language processing and generation. However, these models often experience from issues such as generating biased or unreliable content, producing inappropriate responses, or failing to fulfill specific user needs. To address these challenges, prompt engineering emerged as a promising approach by providing explicit guidance to language models. It refers to the process of designing and constructing effective prompts or instructions to guide language models like GPT-3 in generating desired outputs. In this article an attempt was made to address the role of prompt engineering, its techniques, and its potential impact on enhancing the performance and reliability of language models.

关键词： Surveys Ethics Technological innovation Privacy Refining Reliability engineering User experience Natural language processing Prompt engineering Standards

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Speech Enhancement Using U-Net-Based Progressive Learning with Squeeze-TCN 5th

Speech Enhancement Using U-Net-Based Progressive Learning wi...

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5th International Conference on Advances in Distributed Computing and Machine Learning, ICADCML 2024

作者： Vanambathina, Sunny Dayal Nandyala, Sivaprasad Jannu, Chaitanya Sirisha Devi, J. Yechuri, Sivaramakrishna Parisae, Veeraswamy School of Electronics Engineering VIT-AP University Amaravati India Secure Systems Research Center Technology Innovation Institute Masdar City United Arab Emirates NRI Institute of Technology Vijayawada Agiripalli India Computer Science and Engineering Institute of Aeronautical Engineering Telangana Hyderabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819735228

Speech enhancement is crucial in many speech processing applications. Recently, researchers have been exploring ways to improve performance by effectively capturing the long-term contextual relationships within speech signals. Nevertheless, these investigations often neglect the significance of the time-frequency (T-F) distribution details of speech spectral elements, which are also important for improving speech quality. Moreover, accurately mapping spectral information in supervised methods requires both global and local information. This paper presents a novel speech enhancement model that utilizes long-term and time-frequency (T-F) information of speech spectral elements for enhancing target speakers. The system is composed of a feature extractor and reconstructor. The feature extractor introduces the U-Net block to enable feature recalibration from multiple scales. Furthermore, the time-frequency attention (TFA) within the U-net’s feature extractor delineates the prominent time-frequency distribution of speech through the simultaneous utilization of two branches: one for time-frame attention and another for frequency channel attention. TFA involves the assignment of distinct attention weights to individual time-frequency spectral components, empowering the models to concentrate on both the "when" (time frames) and the "what" (frequency-wise channels). In the reconstructor, several filtering modules (FMs) are stacked to facilitate the reconstruction of a spectrum in a progressive manner to obtain a coarse estimation by reducing noise in the magnitude domain. Furthermore, the intermediate outcome can be progressively improved across stages by unfolding the filtering modules repeatedly, ultimately resulting in the estimation of the spectrum. The proposed approach is tested on the Librispeech and Voicebank datasets. The findings indicate that this method surpasses earlier models and attains the state-of-the-art performance on these datasets. © The Author(s), under

关键词： Deep neural networks

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SP-Net: A Sparse Convolution and Point-Encoding Enhanced Network for 3D Object Detection in LiDAR Point Clouds

SP-Net: A Sparse Convolution and Point-Encoding Enhanced Net...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Real-Time Computing and Robotics, RCAR 2023

作者： Liu, Meng Niu, Jianwei Liu, Yu China North Vehicle Research Institute Beijing100072 China Beihang University State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment School of Computer Science and Engineering Beijing100191 China Beihang University School of Computer Science and Engineering Beijing100191 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350327182

LiDAR 3D object detection for autonomous driving is an important issue. To address this issue, this paper provides a two-stage anchor-based solution. Firstly, voxel feature encoding and sparse convolution networks were employed for proposal generation. Secondly, we performed voxel feature aggregation and hierarchical feature learning in combination with the proposals, multi-level and multiscale voxel features, point encoding and voxel-wise ROI pooling. The aggregated object-wise voxel features were utilized to refine the proposals. Extensive experiments were conducted on three challenging datasets: KITTI, nuScenes and Waymo. Experimental results demonstrated that our SP-Net can effectively achieve multi-category 3D object detection in diverse scenarios offering satisfactory accuracy and speed (28.6 FPS). © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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An Elite Archive-Assisted Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for mRNA Design 13

An Elite Archive-Assisted Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algor...

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13th IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2024

作者： Hong, Wenjing Chen, Cheng Zhu, Zexuan Tang, Ke Shenzhen University National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen China Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350308365

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have emerged as highly effective strategies in the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases. mRNA design, a key to the success of mRNA vaccines, in-volves finding optimal codons and increasing secondary structure stability to lengthen mRNA half-life, ultimately enhancing protein expression. Despite receiving widespread attention, most methods primarily rely on manual design, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. While optimization approaches can alleviate this issue, existing methods still exhibit critical limitations caused by conflicts between codon usage and mRNA structural stability, compounded by the vast design space of mRNA resulting from the presence of synonymous codons. In this paper, a novel multi-objective evolutionary optimization-based mRNA design method is proposed. We first formulate the mRNA design problem as a multi-objective optimization problem and then develop an Elite Archive-Assisted Multi-Objective Evolutionary algorithm for mRNA Design, namely EAA-MOED, by incorporating a novel elite archive-assisted method into a weighted optimization framework to improve search efficiency. Experimental studies, involving two state-of-the-art mRNA design methods and five well-known MOEAs, show the competitiveness of the proposed EAA-MOED in mRNA design. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Vaccines

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Data Migration from Relational to NoSQL Database: Review and Comparative Study

Data Migration from Relational to NoSQL Database: Review a...

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International Conference on Advanced Intelligent systems for Sustainable Development, AI2SD 2022

作者： Saadouni, Chaimae El Bouchti, Karim Reda, Oussama Mohamed Ziti, Soumia Department of Computer Science Intelligent Processing Systems and Security Team Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco Algorithms Networks Intelligent Systems and Software Engineering Research Team Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco

ISBN: (纸本)9783031263835

New storage requirements, analysis, and visualization of Big Data, which includes structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data, have caused the developers in the past decade to begin preferring Big Data databases, such as NoSQL, that comes to overcome the boundaries of relational Databases such as unlimited scalability, high performance, data modeling, data distribution, and continuous availability. Due to those benefits ensured by this new technology, quite recently, considerable attention has been paid to data migration from relational Database to NoSQL Database. So, in this context, the purpose of this paper is to provide a comparative study of some recent approaches proposed by various researchers to migrate data from relational to NoSQL databases, as well as discussing and analyzing the results of those proposed techniques. This research allowed us to gain a basic understanding of the contributions and approaches that have already been made, as well as the benefits and limits of each proposal. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Big data

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Digital Assistant for Visually Impaired People 5

Digital Assistant for Visually Impaired People

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5th International Conference on Advancements in Computing, ICAC 2023

作者： Thayaparan, Thuvaraka Jayakumar, Sanjay Fernando, B.A.I. Ananthanadarajan, Gobisan Abeywardana, Lakmini Kasthurirathna, Dharshana Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology Department of Information Technology Malabe Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology Computer Science and Software Engineering Malabe Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358131

This research paper presents a comprehensive exploration of various components to enhance the capabilities of a digital assistant tailored for visually impaired individuals. The first component explores how various image captioning architectures and Vision Encoder Decoder models can be used for better environmental interaction. The second component concerns with facial expression recognition for better social interaction and the third component is a currency note identification component that aims to aid visually impaired individuals with cash transaction whilst the final component that explores a voice bot aims to improve a voice bot and how to manage accents, speech accuracy and naturality using modern deep learning techniques. By investigating these components, this research advances assistive technology, empowering visually impaired individuals with a conversational digital assistant that enhances environmental interaction, supports social interactions, and aids in currency identification. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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Global-Local Consistency for Cost-Effective Anomaly Localization with Point Annotations

Global-Local Consistency for Cost-Effective Anomaly Localiza...

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IIAI International Conference on Advanced Applied Informatics (IIAIAAI)

作者： Keiichi Nakanishi Ryoya Katafuchi Terumasa Tokunaga Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Iizuka Japan Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Iizuka Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350377903

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377910

Creating pixel-level ground-truth (GT) masks is quite costly for deep learning-based image segmentation. Specialists in areas such as anomaly detection and medical diagnostics face difficulties in producing many GT masks due to limited resources. To reduce this burden, we propose a cost-effective image segmentation framework with point annotations (CoSPA) that performs image segmentation with only point annotations. Point annotations refer to the partial and sparse labeled coordinates in an image. The key idea is to ensure consistency between the predictions for the same coordinates from the two different networks of CoSPA. This new consistency enables the CoSPA to improve segmentation performance and extend to semi-supervised learning. For the MVTec AD dataset, we verified the cost-effectiveness of CoSPA through an anomaly detection task. We demonstrated that the point annotating costs were reduced by 80% compared to creating GT masks. Subsequently, the CoSPA realized by 87% of the mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) achieved using the fully supervised method, DeepLabV3+. Moreover, the mIoU of CoSPA using only 30% of all point annotations defeated that of the unsupervised method, PaDiM. This study offers a new direction for economic anomaly localization.

关键词： Location awareness Image segmentation Costs Annotations Supervised learning Semisupervised learning Medical diagnosis Informatics Anomaly detection Faces

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