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arXiv 2024年

作者： Mishra, Vaibhav Singh, Somaditya Ahlawat, Dhruv Zaki, Mohd Bihani, Vaibhav Grover, Hargun Singh Mishra, Biswajit Miret, Santiago Mausam Krishnan, N.M. Anoop Department of Computer Science and Engineering Department of Civil Engineering Yardi School of Artificial Intelligence Indian Institute of Technology Delhi India Cerebras Systems Inc. United States Intel Labs

Materials discovery and development are critical for addressing global challenges in renewable energy, sustainability, and advanced technology. Yet, the exponential growth in materials science literature comprising vast amounts of textual data has created significant bottlenecks in knowledge extraction, synthesis, and scientific reasoning. Large Language Models (LLMs) offer unprecedented opportunities to accelerate materials research through automated analysis and prediction. Still, their effective deployment for materials discovery requires domain-specific adaptation for language understanding and solving domain-relevant tasks. Here, we present LLaMat, a family of foundational models for materials science, developed through continued pretraining of LLaMA models on an extensive corpus of materials literature and crystallographic data, followed by instruction- and task-finetuning. Through systematic evaluation, we demonstrate that LLaMat excels in materials-specific natural language processing and structured information extraction tasks outperforming commercial LLMs, while maintaining general linguistic capabilities. The specialized LLaMat-CIF variant demonstrates remarkable capabilities in crystal structure generation, predicting stable crystals with high coverage across the periodic table. Intriguingly, despite LLaMA-3’s superior performance in comparison to LLaMA-2, we observe that LLaMat-2 demonstrates unexpectedly enhanced domain-specific performance across diverse materials science tasks, including structured information extraction from text and tables and crystal structure generation. These results point to a potential "adaptation rigidity" in overtrained LLMs such as LLaMA-3. Altogether, the present work demonstrates the effectiveness of domain adaptation towards the development of practically deployable LLM copilots for materials research. Beyond materials science, our findings reveal important considerations for domain adaptation of LLMs—model selection, tr

关键词： Crystallography

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Design of ANN Based Non-Linear Network Using Interconnection of Parallel Processor

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computer systems science & engineering 2023年第9期46卷 3491-3508页

作者： Anjani Kumar Singha Swaleha Zubair Areej Malibari Nitish Pathak Shabana Urooj Neelam Sharma Department of Computer Science Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering College of EngineeringPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Bhagwan Parshuram Institute of Technology(BPIT)GGSIPUNew Delhi110078India Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Artificial Intelligence&Machine Learning Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology(MAIT)GGSIPUNew Delhi110086India

Suspicious mass traffic constantly evolves,making network behaviour tracing and structure more *** networks yield promising results by considering a sufficient number of processing elements with strong interconnections between *** offer efficient computational Hopfield neural networks models and optimization constraints used by undergoing a good amount of parallelism to yield optimal *** neural network(ANN)offers optimal solutions in classifying and clustering the various reels of data,and the results obtained purely depend on identifying a *** this research work,the design of optimized applications is presented in an organized *** addition,this research work examines theoretical approaches to achieving optimized results using *** mainly focuses on designing *** optimizing design approach of neural networks analyzes the internal process of the neural *** in developing the network are based on the interconnections among the hidden nodes and their learning *** methodology is proven best for nonlinear resource allocation problems with a suitable design and complex *** ANN proposed here considers more or less 46k nodes hidden inside 49 million connections employed on full-fledged parallel *** proposed ANN offered optimal results in real-world application problems,and the results were obtained using MATLAB.

关键词： Artificial neural network(ANN) multiprocessor hidden node nonlinear optimization parallel processing

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A study on Image Processing Method for Noise Reduction in Digital Holographic Microscopy

A study on Image Processing Method for Noise Reduction in Di...

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International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing (EcoDesign)

作者： Masaharu Nagashima Hyun-Woo Kim Myungjin Cho Min-Chul Lee Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Iizuka city Japan School of ICT Robotics and Mechanical Engineering IITC Hankyong National University Anseong-si Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798350363043

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363050

Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM) can obtain three-dimensional (3D) information about the fine structure of an object by utilizing the phase information of coherent light. In DHM, during the process of reconstructing the shape of an object, phase information is extracted by windowing the sideband containing the phase information. The 3D information of the object is then obtained from the acquired phase information. When windowing the sideband in a narrow range, it can remove noise caused by the DC spectrum, but detailed shape information of the object is lost. On the other hand, when windowing in a wide range, detailed shape information of the object can be obtained, but noise from the DC spectrum increases. To solve this trade-off relationship, we propose a method of determining the range for windowing the sideband using a function and then averaging the windowed sidebands. This proposed method can reduce the impact of noise from the DC spectrum and enables the acquisition of the detailed shape information. In this paper, we explain the reconstruction algorithm of this method and compare it with conventional methods and the previous study, phase differences averaging (PDA).

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Filtering Shape Microscopy Noise Noise reduction Reconstruction algorithms Amplitude modulation Data mining Informatics

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Global mitigation efforts cannot neglect emerging emitters

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National science Review 2022年第12期9卷 82-89页

作者： Can Cui Dabo Guan Daoping Wang Jing Meng Vicky Chemutai Paul Brenton Shaohui Zhang Yuli Shan Qiang Zhang Steven J.Davis Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College London Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Cambridge Centre for Nature and Climate World Economic Forum School of Urban and Regional Science Shanghai University of Finance and Economics The World Bank School of Economics and Management Beihang University International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Department of Earth System Science University of California Irvine Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Irvine

International efforts to avoid dangerous climate change have historically focused on reducing energy-related CO2emissions from countries with either the largest economies（*** EU and the USA）and/or the largest populations（*** and India）.However,in recent years,emissions have surged among a different and much less-examined group of countries,raising concerns that a next generation of high-emitting economies will obviate current mitigation ***,we analyse the trends and drivers of emissions in each of the 59 countries where emissions in 2010-2018 grew faster than the global average（excluding China and India）,project their emissions under a range of longer-term energy scenarios and estimate the costs of decarbonization *** emissions from these 'emerging emitters' reach as much as 7.5 GtCO2/year in the baseline 2.5° scenari—substantially greater than the emissions from these regions in previously published scenarios that would limit warming to 1.5℃ or even 2℃.Such unanticipated emissions would in turn require non-emitting energy deployment from all sectors within these emerging emitters,and faster and deeper reductions in emissions from other countries to meet international climate ***,the annual costs of keeping emissions at the low level are in many cases 0.2%-4.1% of countries' gross domestic production,pointing to potential trade-offs with poverty-reduction goals and/or the need for economic support and low-carbon technology transfer from historically high-emitting *** results thus highlight the critical importance of ramping up mitigation efforts in countries that to this point have been largely ignored.

关键词： emerging emiters developing countries climate change mitigation CO_2 emissions net zero

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AircraftVerse: A Large-Scale Multimodal Dataset of Aerial Vehicle Designs

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Cobb, Adam D. Roy, Anirban Elenius, Daniel Heim, F. Michael Swenson, Brian Whittington, Sydney Walker, James D. Bapty, Theodore Hite, Joseph Ramani, Karthik McComb, Christopher Jha, Susmit Computer Science Laboratory SRI International United States Mechanical Engineering Division Southwest Research Institute United States Intelligent Systems Division Southwest Research Institute United States Institute of Software Integrated Systems Vanderbilt University United States School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University United States

We present AircraftVerse, a publicly available aerial vehicle design dataset. Aircraft design encompasses different physics domains and, hence, multiple modalities of representation. The evaluation of these cyber-physical system (CPS) designs requires the use of scientific analytical and simulation models ranging from computer-aided design tools for structural and manufacturing analysis, computational fluid dynamics tools for drag and lift computation, battery models for energy estimation, and simulation models for flight control and dynamics. AircraftVerse contains 27,714 diverse air vehicle designs - the largest corpus of engineering designs with this level of complexity. Each design comprises the following artifacts: a symbolic design tree describing topology, propulsion subsystem, battery subsystem, and other design details;a STandard for the Exchange of Product (STEP) model data;a 3D CAD design using a stereolithography (STL) file format;a 3D point cloud for the shape of the design;and evaluation results from high fidelity state-of-the-art physics models that characterize performance metrics such as maximum flight distance and hover-time. We also present baseline surrogate models that use different modalities of design representation to predict design performance metrics, which we provide as part of our dataset release. Finally, we discuss the potential impact of this dataset on the use of learning in aircraft design and, more generally, in CPS. AircraftVerse is accompanied by a data card, and it is released under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA) license. The dataset is hosted at https://***/record/6525446, baseline models and code at https://***/SRI-CSL/AircraftVerse, and the dataset description at https://***/. © 2023, CC BY-SA.

关键词： computer aided design

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Neural-iLQR: A Learning-Aided Shooting Method for Trajectory Optimization

Neural-iLQR: A Learning-Aided Shooting Method for Trajectory...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2023

作者： Cheng, Zilong Li, Yulin Chen, Kai Duan, Jianghua Ma, Jun Lee, Tong Heng National University of Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Singapore The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Hong Kong The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Division of Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas Hong Kong Robotics and Autonomous Systems Thrust Guangzhou China Hkust Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325706

Iterative linear quadratic regulator (iLQR) has gained wide popularity in addressing trajectory optimization problems with nonlinear system models. However, as a model-based shooting method, it relies heavily on an accurate system model to update the optimal control actions and the trajectory determined with forward integration, thus becoming vulnerable to inevitable model inaccuracies. Recently, substantial research efforts in learning-based methods for optimal control problems have been progressing significantly in addressing unknown system models, particularly when the system has complex interactions with the environment. Yet an incremental machine learning method or a deep neural network is normally required to fit a substantial scale of sampling motion data. Existing works mainly focus on capturing the whole picture of the motion pattern from trial data (which is essentially noisy and hard to identify with any simple predefined structures) for complex robot systems. Instead, we present Neural-iLQR, a learning-aided shooting method over the unconstrained control space, in which a neural network with a simple structure is used to drive the optimization process towards optimal direction. Through comprehensive evaluations on two illustrative control tasks using three different kinds of lightweight network structures, the proposed method is shown to outperform the conventional iLQR significantly with fast and continuous cost convergence in the presence of inaccuracies in system models, which demonstrates the generalizability and robustness of the proposed learning-aided method. © 2023 IEEE.

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Segmental Distance between Rooted Labeled Caterpillars 12

Segmental Distance between Rooted Labeled Caterpillars

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12th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics, IIAI-AAI 2022

作者： Hagihara, Manami Miyazaki, Tomoya Hirata, Kouichi Kyushu Institute of Technology Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Iizuka820-8502 Japan Kyushu Ns Solutions Corp. Japan Kyushu Institute of Technology Department of Artificial Intelligence Iizuka820-8502 Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781665497558

ISBN: (纸本)9781665497558

A segmental distance for rooted labeled unordered trees is the edit distance such that the insertion and the deletion in the edit operations are allowed to either the root or the leaves. In this paper, we design the algorithm of computing the segmental distance for rooted labeled caterpillars in O(n+h2σ) time under the unit cost function, where n is the maximum number of vertices, h is the maximum height and σ is the number of labels, whereas the problem of computing the segmental distance for rooted labeled unordered trees is MAX SNP-hard. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Cost functions

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Leveraging Transfer Learning for Improved Diagnostics in Dermatology 23

Leveraging Transfer Learning for Improved Diagnostics in Der...

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Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Information Management & Machine Intelligence

作者： Kiran Deep Singh G L Saini Prabh Deep Singh Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University India School of Computing and Intelligent Systems Manipal University Jaipur India Computer Science & Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to be University India

ISBN: (纸本)9798400709418

The significance of leveraging transfer learning in dermatology lies in its potential to enhance early disease detection and diagnosis, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes and more efficient healthcare delivery. This innovative approach offers a promising avenue for dermatologists to harness the power of AI in their practice, augmenting their expertise and expanding the horizons of skin disease diagnostics. This paper applies transfer learning to healthcare for Improved Diagnostics in Dermatology. It explores the core principles and methodologies of transfer learning, unveiling its applications across various domains, from computer vision to natural language processing. The discussion emphasizes the advantages of transfer learning over conventional methods, shedding light on its ability to mitigate data scarcity, expedite training, and enhance model generalization. Moreover, the dialogue delves into the steps involved in implementing transfer learning, offering practical guidance on data preparation, model adaptation, and rigorous evaluation, specifically referencing utilizing the Deep Learning Toolbox in MATLAB. Transfer learning transforms medical diagnoses sustainably, which finishes the discourse with a captivating dermatological case study that shows how skillfully implemented may revolutionize early illness detection, diagnosis, and patient care, demonstrating its enormous influence on healthcare and smart infrastructure.

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Dynamic AI-Driven Network Slicing with O-RAN for Continuous Connectivity in Connected Vehicles and Onboard Consumer Electronics

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年第1期71卷 720-733页

作者： Shah, Syed Danial Ali Bashir, Ali Kashif Al-Otaibi, Yasser D. Dabel, Maryam M. Al Ali, Farman University of Leeds School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering LeedsLS2 9JT United Kingdom Manchester Metropolitan University Department of Computing and Mathematics M15 6BH United Kingdom Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Centre for Research Impact and Outcome Punjab Rajpura140401 India King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Computing and Information Technology in Rabigh Department of Information Systems Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia University of Hafr Al Department of Computer Science and Engineering Batin Saudi Arabia Sungkyunkwan University School of Convergence Seoul Korea Republic of

The rise of connected and autonomous vehicles signifies an era of intelligent transportation systems, where robust and continued network connectivity is essential for critical applications and enhanced in-vehicle Consumer Electronics (CE) experiences. Slicing at the network's edge offers tailored and dedicated logical networks for diverse and low-latency vehicular demands, including Advanced Driver Assistance systems (ADAS) and in-car infotainment. However, seamless migration of network slices as vehicles traverse coverage areas of different network operators presents formidable challenges, such as ensuring continuous connectivity and uninterrupted service for both safety-critical systems and consumer-oriented services. In this paper, we introduced dynamic network slicing for continuous connectivity in connected vehicles and onboard CE using the Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) framework in a highly dynamic and mobile environment. We implemented an xAPP within O-RAN that enables Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) agent to learn optimal policies through interaction with the network, guiding intelligent decisions on slice migration, resource allocation, and handover optimization. We conducted simulations and evaluations to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed xAPP in maintaining optimal Quality of Service (QoS), ensuring efficient RAN resource utilization, minimizing service interruptions, and prioritizing safety-critical slices, all while supporting seamless operation of CE within vehicles during mobility. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Advanced driver assistance systems

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One-Hot Coding Similarity of Vehicle Routing Particle Swarm Optimizer 8th

One-Hot Coding Similarity of Vehicle Routing Particle Swarm ...

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8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Security , ICAIS 2022

作者： He, CHao Li, Zhi Su, Shoubao Xu, Liukai Wang, Chishe School of Computer Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang212003 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Data Science and Smart Software Jinling Institute of Technology Nanjing211169 China Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Technology for Industrial Economic Jinling Institute of Technology Nanjing211169 China School of Computer Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210003 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031067662

Aiming at the real-time problem of vehicle routing planning, an improved particle swarm optimization method, called AVSPSO, is proposed in this paper. In the method, the path similarity of vehicle routing is calculated by adopting based on the One-Hot coding vector and by improving the constraint processing through the combination of coding mode and fixed penalty, in which dynamically adjust the inertia weight through the evolution state is to balance the ability of local mining and global development of particles. Experimental results on two practical cases of vehicle routing optimization problems and comparisons with other methods have shown that the proposed method is feasible and stable with better performances. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Vehicle routing

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