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2023 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2023

作者： Ribeiro, Lucas Oliveira, Helder P. Hu, Xiao Pereira, Tania University of Porto Inesc Tec Inesc Tec - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Feup - Faculty of Engineering Porto Portugal University of Porto Inesc Tec - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Fcup - Faculty of Science Porto Portugal Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing Department of Biomedical Informatics School of Medicine Department of Computer Science College of Arts and Sciences Atlanta United States Technology and Science Inesc Tec - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Porto Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9798350337488

PPG signal is a valuable resource for continuous heart rate monitoring;however, this signal suffers from artifact movements, which is particularly relevant during physical exercise and makes this biomedical signal difficult to use for heart rate detection during those activities. The purpose of this study was to develop learning models to determine heart rate using data from wearables (PPG and acceleration signals) and dealing with noise during physical exercise. Learning models based on CNNs and LSTMs were developed to predict the heart rate. The PPG signal was combined with data from accelerometers trying to overcome the noise movement on the PPG signal. Two datasets were used on this work: the 2015 IEEE Signal Processing Cup (SPC) dataset was used for training and testing, and another dataset was used for validation of the learning model (PPG-DaLiA dataset). The predictions obtained by the learning model represented a mean average error of 7.033±5.376 bpm for the SCP dataset, while a mean average error of 9.520±8.443 bpm for the validation set. The use of acceleration data increases the performance of the learning models on the prediction of the heart rate, showing the benefits of using this source of data to overcome the noise movement problem on the PPG signal. The combination of PPG signal with acceleration data could allow the learning models to use more information regarding the motion artifacts that affect the PPG and improve performance on the physiological event detections, which will largely spread the use of wearables on the healthcare applications for continuous monitor the physiological state allowing early and accurate detection of pathological events. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional Neural Network Heart Rate Estimation Long Short Term Memory Motion Artifacts Photoplethysmography

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Deepfake Detection: Emerging Techniques and Evolving Challenges

Deepfake Detection: Emerging Techniques and Evolving Challen...

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Annual Information Technology, Electromechanical engineering and Microelectronics Conference (IEMECON)

作者： Krishnaraj Natarajan Abeer Mathur Kshitiz Bhargava Manvendra Singh Moulik Tejpal Department of Database Systems School of Computer Science & Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India Department of Software Systems School of Computer Science & Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India

ISBN: (数字)9798350387315

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387322

Several newly developed techniques and tools for manipulating images, audio, and videos have been introduced as an outcome of the recent and rapid breakthroughs in AI, machine learning, and deep learning. While most applications for these techniques or tools are in the fields of entertainment and education, some individuals with unlawful intent have also been benefited from them. These individuals use such techniques for various purposes, including the spread of misleading information and unnecessary propaganda, the incitement of political instability, hate and unrest, as well as for purposes of torture and blackmail. These high-quality and convincing manipulated images, audio, or videos are commonly referred to as ‘Deepfakes’.Since then, various solutions to the problems raised by Deepfakes have been proposed in academic studies. This literature review contains relevant publications that offered a variety of approaches to give an updated summary of the research activities in different types of Deepfake attacks, their detection, and countermeasures. It also assesses the effectiveness of the detection capabilities of different techniques with various datasets and algorithms applied in Deepfake detection, while also outlining the various benefits and drawbacks of various methodologies.

关键词： Deep learning Deepfakes Smart contracts Microwave communication Media Forgery Blockchains Internet of Things Systematic literature review Microwave imaging

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Empowering Smart Education in the Age of Smart Cities: Combating Fake News and Misinformation Through Propaganda Text Analysis 2nd

Empowering Smart Education in the Age of Smart Cities: Comba...

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2nd International Conference on Sustainability: Developments and Innovations, ICSDI 2024

作者： Ahmad, Pir Noman Liu, Yuanchao Sedik, Ahmed Munir, Mehr E. School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Smart Systems Engineering Lab College of Engineering Prince Sultan University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819787111

The rapid development of smart cities driven by emerging information technologies has ushered in new opportunities and challenges in various domains, including education. As the prevalence of misinformation and fake news continues to grow, there is a pressing need to develop resilient smart cities that can effectively address this issue. This paper proposes a novel approach to address misinformation and fake news in propaganda texts within smart cities. It emphasizes the importance of smart education (SE) in equipping individuals with critical thinking and media literacy skills to combat misinformation effectively. This study leverages artificial intelligence (AI), data analytics, and education to detect and debunk fake news across multi-domain, targeting vulnerable populations. This study emphasizes collaborative efforts between educational institutions, AI developers, and smart city stakeholders to promote information resilience, address ethical considerations and data privacy, and enhance media literacy and critical thinking in diverse smart cities, highlighting the pivotal role of education in countering misinformation in the digital age. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： AI Data analytics Misinformation Propaganda texts Smart cities Smart education

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By artificial intelligence algorithms and machine learning models to diagnosis cancer

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 80卷 2969-2975页

作者： Agarwal, Seema Yadav, Ajay Singh Dinesh, Vennapoosa Vatsav, Kolluru Sai Sri Prakash, Kolluru Sai Surya Jaiswal, Sushma Department of Mathematics SRM Institute of Science and Technology Delhi-NCR Campus U.P. Ghaziabad India Software Engineer Mechanical Engineering National Institute Of Technology Mizoram Aizwal Mizoram India Computer Science Engineering Gitam university Andhra Pradesh Visakhapatnam India Bilaspur India

Cancer is one of the world's most critical health issues. Many in the past decade More accurately, diagnostic tests and methodologies have been enhanced. Tests are categorised into imaging tests, endoscopic procedures Includes testing for biopsy and cytology. These diagnostic tests yield huge numbers. volumes of data that must be evaluated and differentiated by specialists Between tumours that are benign and malignant. Artificial intelligence now (AI) Large quantities of diagnostic imaging may be examined using applications Improved accuracy to enhance health system efficiency. New AI algorithms technical advances and computer enhancements Hardware may be used to train diagnostic neural artificial networks Experience with a wide range of scans. Already a thorough understanding and Machines can educate computers to compare and assess models Huge quantity of cancer scanning data. Highly diagnostic skills software has been evaluated and compared to the conventional Cancer specialists' diagnostic tools. Their precision is much increased and regarded highly effective in early diagnosis and extended forecasting Different cancers. Scientists have become systems of artificial intelligence (AI). that may exceed human specialists in the prognosis of breast cancer and A great deal earlier diagnosis. Similarly, informatics developed an AI algorithm. and profound learning algorithms that may forecast to which persons Develop lung cancer using low dose CT analysis (computerized tomography) Lung scans. Lung scans. Use of the convolutionary neural network recently (CNNs) was employed in the invasion depth diagnosis of Gastric endoscopy-based gastric cancer. Studies have also been shown AI techniques paired with imagery may have a significant influence early diagnosis with algorithm-guided identification of oral cancer results Heterogeneity of the oral lesion. This review gathered some pretty interesting information Research publications on the topic. © 2021

关键词： Cytology

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Direction Estimation for Collaborative Search in MOEA/D

Direction Estimation for Collaborative Search in MOEA/D

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2024 International Annual Conference on Complex systems and Intelligent science, CSIS-IAC 2024

作者： Chen, Jingjing Li, Genghui Lin, Xi Zhang, Qingfu City University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science Hong Kong The City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen China Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504755

The decomposition-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA/D) is an efficient framework for solving multi-objective optimization problems. It decomposes a multi-objective optimization problem into a set of single-objective optimization subproblems and solves them collaboratively. However, most MOEA/D variants use heuristic operators to generate new solutions, which might lead to inefficient search performance. Direction estimation is a powerful derivative-free technique for tackling black-box optimization problems. By iteratively estimating valid search directions, this method can efficiently search for the optimal solution in a principled way;yet it suffers from high computational cost since it requires a number of function evaluations to approximate the true gradient. In this work, we leverage the neighborhood structure of MOEA/D and interactions among different subproblems to estimate a promising descent direction. We demonstrate that sharing and exploiting valuable information among neighboring subproblems can significantly reduce the overall computational budget for direction estimation in MOEA/D (MOEA/D-DirE). Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed MOEAD-DirE algorithm outperforms many multi-objective evolutionary algorithms on various multi-objective optimization problems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

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Audio-Assisted Smart Home Security Monitoring with Few Samples

Audio-Assisted Smart Home Security Monitoring with Few Sampl...

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2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2024

作者： Chi, Haotian Ma, Qi Zhang, Yuxuan Fu, Chenglong Wang, Yuwei Geng, Haijun Du, Xiaojiang Shanxi University School of Automation and Software Engineering Taiyuan China University of North Carolina at Charlotte Department of Software and Information Systems CharlotteNC United States Stevens Institute of Technology Department of Electical and Computer Engineering HobokenNJ United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351255

Smart home IoT devices have always been the target of various cyber attacks. By leveraging the smart home monitoring infrastructure, event-based anomaly detection is effective to detect anomalies that cause unfavorable working state of IoT devices. However, IoT events are proven to be vulnerable to event-targeted attacks which could be achieved by exploiting the vulnerabilities embedded in IoT devices, protocols and/or platforms. Thus, existing event-based anomaly detection is not robust in the case of unreliable input. To address this issue, our insight is that the embedded microphone components in many off-the-shelf home devices (e.g., smart doorbells, speakers, cameras, tablets, laptops, etc.) could be utilized to gather acoustic information to help increase the reliability and capability of smart home security monitoring systems. To verify this idea, we propose an audio-assisted framework IoTAudMon for detecting event-targeted attacks. Considering the heterogeneity and sparsity nature of smart homes IoT devices and events, we employ transfer learning to design a practical pipeline for extracting semantic information from audio, eliminating the requirement of human labeling and mitigating the cold start issue in existing solutions. Experiments on public datasets and real devices demonstrate the effectiveness of IoTAudMon. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Smart manufacturing

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Arduino Uno Programming based New Five Level Inverter for Photovoltaic Applications 2

Arduino Uno Programming based New Five Level Inverter for Ph...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Futuristic Technologies, INCOFT 2023

作者： Rao, Bhukya Nageswar Hake, Ashok Shrimant Chavan, Vishal Subhash Hadimani, Lingaraj Kolhapur Institute of Technology College of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Maharashtra Kolhapur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350308846

This article presents a novel five-level transformer-based inverter with inherent boosting abilities specially designed for photovoltaic applications. The key distinction of this proposed inverter lies in its three-leg configuration and a single transformer with an increasing output voltage of twice the input voltage, which results in a smaller size, more cost-effective and less complex inverter circuit. Additionally, this innovative design features fewer components, lower total voltage requirements, reduced voltage rate of change (dv/dt), and a decreased number of active devices compared to its counterparts. The article provides a comprehensive explanation of the circuit's operation and principles. It underscores the utilization of Arduino programming to generate the required control pulses for this five-level inverter. Finally, simulation results are included to validate the feasibility and performance of the proposed inverter, both in steady-state and dynamic operating conditions. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Arduino uno Common arm type inverter transformer-based inverters

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A Threshold Implementation-Based Neural Network Accelerator with Power and Electromagnetic Side-Channel Countermeasures

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IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 2023年第1期58卷 141-154页

作者： Maji, Saurav Banerjee, Utsav Fuller, Samuel H. Chandrakasan, Anantha P. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electronic Systems Engineering Indian Institute of Science Karnataka Bengaluru560012 India Analog Devices Inc. WilmingtonMA01887 United States

With the recent advancements in machine learning (ML) theory, a lot of energy-efficient neural network (NN) accelerators have been developed. However, their associated side-channel security vulnerabilities pose a major concern. There have been several proof-of-concept attacks demonstrating the extraction of their model parameters and input data. This work introduces a threshold implementation (TI) masking-based NN accelerator that secures model parameters and inputs against power and electromagnetic (EM) side-channel attacks. The 0.159 mm2 demonstration in 28 nm runs at 125 MHz at 0.95 V and limits the area and energy overhead to 64% and 5.5× , respectively, while demonstrating security even greater than 2M traces. The accelerator also secures model parameters through encryption and the inputs against horizontal power analysis (HPA) attacks. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Side channel attack

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Deep Learning Model for Analyzing EEG Signal Analysis

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 91034-91045页

作者： Gupta, Varun Kumar, Vivek Prince Singh, Saurabh Lee, Young-Seok Ra, In-Ho Department of Electronics and Communication National Institute of Technology Sikkim India National Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sikkim India Dongguk University Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering Seoul04620 Korea Republic of Woosong University Department of AI and Bigdata Daejeon34606 Korea Republic of Kunsan National University School of Computer & Software Gunsan Korea Republic of Kunsan National University School of Software Gunsan54150 Korea Republic of

To analyze the physiological information within the acquired EEG signal is very cumbersome due to the possibility of several factors, viz. noise and artifacts, complexity of brain dynamics, and inter-subject variability. To address these issues, this paper compares a U-shaped encoder-decoder network (UNET) and Bat-based UNET signal analysis (BUSA) techniques to classify depression rates in the Electroencephalogram (EEG) datasets. The main objective of including these two techniques is to reveal their effectiveness. It comprises pre-processing, feature extraction, feature selection, and classification stages. The framework excels at noise reduction during pre-processing, enhancing dataset integrity. Feature extraction leverages band power and correlation dimension to extract crucial features. Furthermore, feature selection optimizes classification accuracy by refining the fitness function of bats in the classification layer. The performance of UNET and BUSA are compared based on the following performance evaluating parameters viz. accuracy (Acc), Area Under the Curve (AUC), precision (P), and recall (R) (or sensitivity (Se)). The results indicated that the BUSA technique outperforms the UNET technique. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Nanoimprint lithography-assisted block copolymer self-assembly for hyperfine fabrication of magnetic patterns based on L10-FePt nanoparticles

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science China Chemistry 2025年第5期68卷 2027-2034页

作者： Jie Zhang Yi Chen Guijun Li Zelin Sun Zhengong Meng Wai-Yeung Wong Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic University The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Division of Integrative Systems and Design and Department of Electronic and Computer EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University

L10-FePt-type bit-patterned media has provided a promising alternative for ultrahigh-density magnetic recording systems in the current digital era, but rapid fabrication of magnetic patterns with hyperfine bit islands is still challenging, especially with the target for miniaturization and scalable production simultaneously. Herein, Fe,Pt-containing block copolymers were utilized as single-source precursors for solution-processable patterning and subsequent generation of the demanding magnetic FePt dots by in situ pyrolysis. High-throughput nanoimprint lithography was initially employed to fabricate the predefined bit cells precisely,and then the intrinsic self-assembly of phase-separated block copolymers further drove the formation of accurate bit *** from the synergistic effect of top-down lithographic approach and bottom-up self-assembly, the customizable patterns could be achieved for large-scale mass production in targeted areas, but high-density isolated dots could also be accurately aligned along the patterned features after subsequent self-assembly. This reliable strategy would provide a good avenue to precisely construct ultrahigh-density magnetic data storage devices.

关键词： organometallic precursor magnetic nanoparticles block copolymer self-assembly nanoimprint lithography

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