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28th Annual Conference on Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, MIUA 2024

作者： Rustamov, Jaloliddin Rustamov, Zahiriddin Badawi, Nadia Lesage, Frederic Zaki, Nazar Damseh, Rafat Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates Biomedical Engineering Institute Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal MontrealQC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783031669545

Computational quantification of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) response from neurovascular structures is used to investigate potential biomarkers for different types of cerebrovascular deteriorations at the microscopic scale. Simulation-based MRI requires fully resolved microvascular structures, with geometric and physiological parameters, from tissue volumes captured using microscopic imaging modalities, e.g., optical coherence tomography (OCT). The preparation of such input models hinders large cohort studies and requires extensive manual effort. Here, we propose using 3D neural networks as an alternative learning-based solution over MRI simulation schemes. We trained state-of-the-art 3D neural networks to predict the spin echo (SE) MRI response from OCT microvascular volumes. By validating against simulated signals, our result demonstrates that the 3D ResNet-based regression network achieves a high accuracy to predict MRI signals with an average mean square error (MSE) 2 of 82.8% and explained variance score of 82.9%. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Forecasting

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Polar Region Climate Dynamics: Deep Learning and Remote Sensing Integration for Monitoring Arctic and Antarctic Changes

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Remote Sensing in Earth systems sciences 2024年第4期7卷 582-595页

作者： Maniraj, Subramanian Pitchiah Rose, Jesuharan Dafni Arunachalam, Rohini Rangasamy, Kotteeswaran Patil, Vishal Ratansing Kathirvelu, Selvakumarasamy Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Campus Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering St. Joseph’s Institute of Technology Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Anil Neerukonda Institute of Technology and Sciences Andhra Pradesh Visakhapatnam India Joseph’s College of Engineering Chennai 600119 India Department of CSE(AIML) Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Pune India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering (SIMATS) Chennai India

The polar regions of the Earth, specifically the Arctic and Antarctic, play a pivotal role in regulating the planet’s climate systems. These regions are highly sensitive to climate change, with observable shifts such as diminishing sea ice, retreating glaciers, and rising temperatures. Understanding these dynamics is essential for predicting broader global climate impacts. This paper presents a novel approach for monitoring and predicting these changes by integrating an attention-based transformer model with a 3D convolutional neural network (3D-CNN). The proposed model is designed to capture both the spatial features of satellite imagery and the temporal dynamics of climate data, offering enhanced predictive capabilities for key climate variables such as sea ice extent, glacier movement, and temperature variations. The dataset was split into 80% training and 20% testing with tenfold cross-validation, and the model was trained using the Adam optimizer. The results show that the proposed model achieved a remarkable accuracy of 97.43%, outperforming traditional CNN and RNN models. The model also demonstrated a precision of 98.12% for sea ice extent prediction, a 96.45% precision for glacier movement detection, and a mean squared error (MSE) of 0.35 °C for temperature predictions. These findings suggest that deep learning models, specifically the integration of transformer and 3D-CNN architectures, can significantly contribute to polar region climate monitoring, offering improved tools for scientific research and policymaking. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. corrected publication 2024.

关键词： 3D convolutional neural network Attention-based transformer Climate dynamics Deep learning Glacier movement Polar region Remote sensing Sea ice extent Spatial–temporal analysis Temperature prediction

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EfficientNetB0-based Rice Disease Classification: A Strategic Fine-Tuning Approach 5

EfficientNetB0-based Rice Disease Classification: A Strategi...

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5th International Conference on Smart Electronics and Communication, ICOSEC 2024

作者： Mishra, Shivani Yadav, Chavali Sai Sreeram Raju, Akansha Balasundaram, A. Shaik, Ayesha Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai Center for Cyber Physical Systems Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504403

Rice, a major stape food, is crucial for both sustenance and the living of millions of farmers. Detecting rice leaf diseases is vital to prevent widespread crop losses, safeguarding farmers' incomes and global food supply. While current detection systems face accuracy and robustness challenges, deep learning models, particularly the EfficientNetB0, show promise. Despite their sensitivity to noise and variations in leaf appearance, ongoing research addresses these issues. This study introduces the use of EfficientNetB0 for accurate classification, incorporating a fine-tuning strategy in a brief five-epoch training period. This approach optimally balances model adaptation and prevents overfitting, leveraging the deep neural network's ability to capture complex hierarchical features. The limited fine-tuning duration addresses potential risks while maximizing the model's robust features. This unique amalgamation of advanced architecture and tailored training strategy aims to achieve efficient and accurate disease classification. The research signifies a step toward revolutionizing rice disease detection, emphasizing the importance of striking a balance between cutting-edge methodologies and practical considerations in the pursuit of agricultural sustainability. Before Fine Tuning the Training Accuracy was 98.46%, Validation Accuracy was 99.15% and Test Accuracy was 98.44%.After Fine Tuning there was a significant increase in the accuracy. The Training Accuracy came to be 99.77%, Validation Accuracy is 99.43% and Test Accuracy: 99.12% © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Plant diseases

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Comprehensive Review of Capsule Networks with a Case Study on Potato Leaf Disease Detection Using CapsNet and Attention Mechanism 8th

Comprehensive Review of Capsule Networks with a Case Stud...

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8th International Symposium on Intelligent Informatics, ISI 2023

作者： Shenbaga Moorthy, Rajalakshmi Arikumar, K.S. Prathiba, Sahaya Beni Pabitha, P. Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Engineering and Technology Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research Chennai600 116 India Department of Data Science and Business Systems SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Chennai603 203 India Centre for Cyber Physical Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai600127 India Department of Computer Technology Anna University Madras Institute of Technology Campus Chennai600044 India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819721467

Accurate solutions are needed for a variety of computer vision applications, including medical imaging, object detection, and recognition. Such complicated challenges are beyond the capabilities of artificial intelligence and machine learning, which mainly rely on data and algorithms to learn. The path to Deep Learning (DL) is thus paved. Even though deep learning is incredibly effective at solving complex problems, it is invariant, meaning that it ignores the spatial relationship between the features and instead searches for features only. This can cause the model’s performance to suffer. Additionally, because the model is invariant, gathering a large volume of training data is a difficult undertaking. To address this, the Capsule Network (CapsNet), whose performance outperforms Deep Learning techniques, was introduced. Despite its success, applications of CapsNet and working remain a mystery. Thus, the performance of CapsNet across many applications and obstacles is examined in this study together with the predecessors of CapsNet. Additionally, this paper explores the use of Capsule Networks with an attention mechanism (CapsNet-ATM) for predicting potato leaf diseases. The performance of CapsNet-ATM in this crucial agricultural application is thoroughly assessed and contrasted with the well-known models VGG-16 and VGG-19, providing insight into the system’s efficacy and promise as a reliable tool for the detection and prediction of potato leaf disease. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Interaction graph learning of line cascading failure in power networks and its statistical properties

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Energy Informatics 2023年第1期6卷 17页

作者： Ghasemi, Abdorasoul de Meer, Hermann Kantz, Holger Faculty of Computer Engineering K. N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics Passau University Passau Germany Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems Dresden Germany

We consider line failure cascading in power networks where an initial random failure of a few lines leads to consecutive other line overloads and failures before the system settles in a steady state. Such cascades are rooted in non-obvious, long-range, and higher-order couplings among the lines’ flows induced by physical constraints on the network. Failure interaction graph encodes which and to what extent other lines in a networked system are affected after each line failure and can help to predict the final state after an initial disturbance. We perform data analytics on the final lines’ steady states of cascade trajectories to infer a specific line’s state given the states of others. We use a generative model to reconstruct possible steady states, and a predictive model aims to predict the probability of each line’s failures after the initial failure as a regression problem. The generative model uses regularized pseudolikelihood estimator to infer interaction weights by solving the inverse Ising problem and deploys Glauber dynamics to generate steady states. The discriminative model uses boosted trees to efficiently learn over training and predict over test data the state of each line as a target finding an appropriate subset of other lines’ states as explanatory variables. We analyze the degree distribution of the corresponding interaction graphs to study the number of other components affected by each line failure (out-degree) or the number of lines that affect the state of a given line (in-degree). Both models show that the in-degree follows a power-law distribution. Finally, we discuss the possible application of the interaction graph for early link removal to mitigate the failure-cascading consequences. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Forecasting

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ChatGPT vs. Stack Overflow: An Exploratory Comparison of Programming Assistance Tools 23

ChatGPT vs. Stack Overflow: An Exploratory Comparison of Pro...

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23rd IEEE International Conference on software Quality, Reliability, and Security Companion, QRS-C 2023

作者： Liu, Jinrun Tang, Xinyu Li, Linlin Chen, Panpan Liu, Yepang Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Department of Computer Science and Engineering China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359398

Programmers often seek help from Q&A websites to resolve issues they encounter during programming. Stack Overflow has been a widely used platform for this purpose for over a decade. Recently, revolutionary AI-powered platforms like ChatGPT have quickly gained popularity among programmers for their efficient and personalized programming assistance via natural language interactions. Both platforms can offer valuable assistance to programmers, but it's unclear which is more effective at enhancing programmer productivity. In our paper, we conducted an exploratory user study to compare the performance of Stack Overflow and ChatGPT in enhancing programmer productivity. Two groups of students with similar programming abilities were instructed to use the two platforms to solve three different types of programming tasks: Algorithmic challenges, library usage, and debugging. During the experiments, we measured and compared the quality of code produced and the time taken to complete tasks for the two groups. The results show that, concerning code quality, ChatGPT outperforms Stack Overflow significantly in helping complete algorithmic and library-related tasks, while Stack Overflow is better for debugging tasks. Regarding task completion speed, the ChatGPT group is obviously faster than the Stack Overflow group in the algorithmic challenge, but the two groups have a similar performance in the other two tasks. Additionally, we conducted a post-experiment survey with the participants to understand how the platforms have helped them complete the programming tasks. We analyzed the questionnaires to summarize ChatGPT and Stack Overflow's strengths and weaknesses pointed out by the participants. By comparing these, we identified the reasons behind the two platforms' divergent performances in programming assistance. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： ChatGPT programming Stack Overflow user study

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From Data to Diagnosis: Investigating Approaches in Mental Illness Detection 2

From Data to Diagnosis: Investigating Approaches in Mental I...

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2nd International Conference of Intelligent Methods, systems and Applications, IMSA 2024

作者： Montasser, Reem Kadry Mazen, Sherif A. Helal, Iman M. A. October University for Modern Sciences and Arts Faculty of Computer Science Software Engineering Department Giza Egypt Cairo University Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Information Systems Department Giza Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362633

Mental illness is a considerable global public health problem, impacting both individual well-being and society's health. The growing popularity of social media and the increase of other data sources led to more research interest in detecting mental illness with a particular focus on utilizing and fusing emotional information. Artificial intelligence techniques like natural language processing and others, have shown encouraging improvements in recognizing complex relationships in a wide range of textual data, including clinical notes, social media posts, and interviews. In this paper, we assess the different branches of artificial intelligence based on previous research in mental illness detection, discussing methods, trends, challenges, and future research directions. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Reward-Based Energy-Aware Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks

Reward-Based Energy-Aware Routing Protocols in Wireless Sens...

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International Conference on Smart Applications and Sustainability in the Artificial Intelligence of Things, SAS-AIoT 2024

作者： Salama, Ramiz Alturjman, Sinem Altrjman, Chadi Al-Turjman, Fadi Department of Computer Engineering AI and Robotics Institute Research Center for AI and IoT Near East University Nicosia Cyprus Artificial Intelligence Software and Information Systems Engineering Departments AI and Robotics Institute Near East University Nicosia Cyprus

ISBN: (纸本)9783031782756

Smart cities, industrial automation, healthcare, and environmental monitoring are just a few of the industries that have seen revolutionary changes as a result of Wireless Sensor Networks’ (WSNs) explosive growth. WSNs are significantly hampered by the limited energy resources of their sensor nodes, which are usually battery-powered and placed in inaccessible locations, despite their wide-ranging applications. As a result, energy efficiency is now a crucial component of these networks’ operation and design. Though these protocols frequently fail to adjust to the dynamic and unpredictable nature of WSNs, traditional energy-aware routing methods have been created to decrease energy consumption by choosing the best paths for data transfer. By allowing sensor nodes to learn from their surroundings and make wise routing decisions, the machine learning field of reinforcement learning (RL) provides a viable answer to these problems. In contrast to conventional techniques, RL-based protocols provide continuous energy optimization by dynamically modifying their routing strategies in response to real-time feedback. This paper investigates how to include RL methods—specifically, Q-learning and SARSA—into WSN energy-aware routing protocols. The suggested method creates a more distributed and scalable solution by enabling each node to independently learn and modify its routing choices. The effectiveness of RL-based routing protocols is compared to traditional methods through comprehensive simulations. The findings show that by slowing down the rate at which energy is being used up by each node, RL not only increases energy efficiency but also lengthens the network's operational life. In particular, Q-learning demonstrates a notable improvement in sustaining data delivery rates and network connectivity under various circumstances. Although a little more computationally demanding, the SARSA algorithm offers greater flexibility in situations where network topology changes often. Th

关键词： Multi agent systems

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ChimeraPy: A Scientific Distributed Streaming Framework for Real-time Multimodal Data Retrieval and Processing

ChimeraPy: A Scientific Distributed Streaming Framework for ...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2023

作者： Davalos, Eduardo Timalsina, Umesh Zhang, Yike Wu, Jiayi Fonteles, Joyce Horn Biswas, Gautam Vanderbilt University Department of Computer Science NashvilleTN United States Vanderbilt University Institute for Software Integrated Systems NashvilleTN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324457

Multimodal data analysis provides profound insights into behaviors and interactions within various settings. However, the collection and analysis of this data in real-world scenarios are intricate and resource-intensive. To streamline these processes, we introduce ChimeraPy: an open-source, distributed streaming platform optimized for high-throughput data transfer across processing nodes within a computer cluster. The utility and performance of ChimeraPy are showcased through two benchmark applications, highlighting its capability to handle complex data environments. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： artificial intelligence distributed multimedia multimodal streaming

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Dementia Disorder Analysis Using Optimized Deep ResiNet Based on Cognitive Approach 1st

Dementia Disorder Analysis Using Optimized Deep ResiNet Base...

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1st International Conference on Data engineering and Machine Intelligence, ICDEMI 2023

作者： Duraipandian, Kavitha Ambigapathy, Murugan Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Ramapuram Tamil Nadu Chennai600089 India Department of Data Science and Business Systems SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu Chennai603203 India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819776153

Early warning signs of dementia may include memory loss, difficulty with problem-solving, confusion, changes in mood and behavior, and impaired communication skills. People impacted by dementia often make a loss on things, money, etc. In the social environment, the disease is considered as one of the serious issues. In order to correctly identify dementia, automated methods of diagnosis have grown essential. Conventional non-imaging components are capable of accurately identifying dementia as well as readily integrating the practice of medicine, despite the fact that neuro-images are currently fully utilized in the most recent technologies. To develop a powerful dementia screening tool, researchers combined machine learning with an enormous amount of non-imaging variables. In order to dramatically lessen the obstacles to employing the diagnostic tool, this project makes use of the predictive capability of non-imaging data. The suggested system was completely equipped to detect and evaluate cognitive signs associated with dementia using speech data, keystroke evaluation, and so on. The optimized Deep Residual Network (ODRN) is used to identify brain fluctuations, the sound information is subsequently analyzed with frequency extractors, and the voice pitch is further examined. A deep neural network is used to evaluate keystrokes while contrasting them to Kaggle data on odd stroke rates. On the ensemble method developed here, the system at hand has a precision of 96.66% performance. The overall processing delay of 52 s is achieved. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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