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21st International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks, WiOpt 2023

作者： Chen, Kexin Huang, Chao Huang, Jianwei The School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of HongKong Shenzhen518172 China The Department of Computer Science The University of California Davis United States School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society The Chinese University of HongKong Shenzhen518172 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783903176553

Information Elicitation Without Verification (IEWV) refers to the problem of eliciting high-accuracy solutions from crowd members when the ground truth is unverifiable. A high-accuracy team solution (aggregated from members’ solutions) requires members’ effort exertion, which should be incentivized properly. Previous research on IEWV mainly focused on scenarios where a central entity (e.g., the crowdsourcing platform) provides incentives to motivate crowd members. Still, the proposed designs do not apply to practical situations where no central entity exists. This paper studies the overlooked decentralized IEWV scenario, where crowd members act as both incentive contributors and task solvers. We model the interactions among members with heterogeneous team solution accuracy valuations as a two-stage game, where each member decides her incentive contribution strategy in Stage 1 and her effort exertion strategy in Stage 2. We analyze members’ equilibrium behaviors under three incentive allocation mechanisms: Equal Allocation (EA), Output Agreement (OA), and Shapley Value (SV). We show that at an equilibrium under any allocation mechanism, a low-valuation member exerts no more effort than a high-valuation member. Counter-intuitively, a low-valuation member provides incentives to the collaboration while a high-valuation member does not at an equilibrium under SV. This is because a high-valuation member who values the aggregated team solution more needs fewer incentives to exert effort. In addition, when members’ valuations are sufficiently heterogeneous, SV leads to team solution accuracy and social welfare no smaller than EA and OA. © 2023 IFIP.

关键词： Information dissemination

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Toward a Low-Cost Perception System in Autonomous Vehicles: A Spectrum Learning Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Alsakabi, Mohammed Erickson, Aidan Dolan, John M. Tonguz, Ozan K. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering The Robotics Institute School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States

We present a cost-effective new approach for generating denser depth maps for Autonomous Driving (AD) and Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) by integrating the images obtained from deep neural network (DNN) 4D radar detectors with conventional camera RGB images. Our approach introduces a novel pixel positional encoding algorithm inspired by Bartlett’s spatial spectrum estimation technique. This algorithm transforms both radar depth maps and RGB images into a unified pixel image subspace called the Spatial Spectrum, facilitating effective learning based on their similarities and differences. Our method effectively leverages high-resolution camera images to train radar depth map generative models, addressing the limitations of conventional radar detectors in complex vehicular environments, thus sharpening the radar output. We develop spectrum estimation algorithms tailored for radar depth maps and RGB images, a comprehensive training framework for data-driven generative models, and a camera-radar deployment scheme for AV operation. Our results demonstrate that our approach also outperforms the state-of-the-art (SOTA) by 27.95% in terms of Unidirectional Chamfer Distance (UCD). © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Radar imaging

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Modality-Driven Design for Multi-Step Dexterous Manipulation: Insights from Neuroscience

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wake, Naoki Kanehira, Atsushi Saito, Daichi Takamatsu, Jun Sasabuchi, Kazuhiro Koike, Hideki Ikeuchi, Katsushi Applied Robotics Research Microsoft RedmondWA United States Department of Computer Science Institute of Science Tokyo Tokyo Japan

Multi-step dexterous manipulation is a fundamental skill in household scenarios, yet remains an underexplored area in robotics. This paper proposes a modular approach, where each step of the manipulation process is addressed with dedicated policies based on effective modality input, rather than relying on a single end-to-end model. To demonstrate this, a dexterous robotic hand performs a manipulation task involving picking up and rotating a box. Guided by insights from neuroscience, the task is decomposed into three sub-skills—reaching, grasping and lifting, and in-hand rotation—based on the dominant sensory modalities employed in the human brain. Each sub-skill is addressed using distinct methods from a practical perspective: a classical controller, a Vision-Language-Action model, and a reinforcement learning policy with force feedback, respectively. We tested the pipeline on a real robot to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach. The key contribution of this study lies in presenting a neuroscience-inspired, modality-driven methodology for multi-step dexterous manipulation. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Visual languages

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Self-Centering 3-DoF Feet Controller for Hands-Free Locomotion Control in Telepresence and Virtual Reality

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Memmesheimer, Raphael Lenz, Christian Schwarz, Max Schreiber, Michael Behnke, Sven The Autonomous Intelligent Systems group Computer Science Institute VI - Intelligent Systems and Robotics Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Center for Robotics University of Bonn Germany

We present a novel seated feet controller for handling 3 Degree of Freedom (DoF) aimed to control locomotion for telepresence robotics and virtual reality environments. Tilting the feet on two axes yields in forward, backward and sideways motion. In addition, a separate rotary joint allows for rotation around the vertical axis. Attached springs on all joints self-center the controller. The HTC Vive tracker is used to translate the trackers' orientation into locomotion commands. The proposed self-centering feet controller was used successfully for the ANA Avatar XPRIZE competition, where a naive operator traversed the robot through a longer distance, surpassing obstacles while solving various interaction and manipulation tasks in between. We publicly provide the models of the mostly 3D-printed feet controller for reproduction. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biped locomotion

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Fabrication of Sensorsless Automated Guided Vehicle for Small Warehouse Rack Management

Fabrication of Sensorsless Automated Guided Vehicle for Smal...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Computational, Communication and Information Technology, ICCCIT 2025

作者： Sahu, Neelesh Kumar Chaturvedi, Piyush Gupta, Vaishali Patel, Ruchi Verma, Ashok Shrivastava, Megha Gyan Ganga Institute of Technology and Sciences Artificial Intelligence and Robotics MP Jabalpur India IPS Academy Institute of Engineering & Science Department of Computer Sc. & Engg. MP Indore India Gyan Ganga Institute of Technology and Sciences MP Jabalpur India Medicaps University Department of Mathematics MP Indore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331512965

Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) are an essential part of today's logistics networks because they save time, reduce wear and maintenance expenses, and maximize efficiency in route *** creation of AGVthat is capable of effectively managing warehouse racks without the utilization of sensors is the primary emphasis of this project. In order to travel and carry out duties, the AGVruns on predetermined pathways and makes use of a button-based interface. For the purpose of offering an efficient and costeffective solution for the automation of small warehouses, it is outfitted with a lever mechanism that is operated by a servo motor and features the ability to connect and move racks. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Automatic guided vehicles

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Grasp Anything: Combining Teacher-Augmented Policy Gradient Learning with Instance Segmentation to Grasp Arbitrary Objects

Grasp Anything: Combining Teacher-Augmented Policy Gradient ...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Malte Mosbach Sven Behnke Autonomous Intelligent Systems Group Computer Science Institute VI – Intelligent Systems and Robotics – and the Center for Robotics and the Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence University of Bonn Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350384574

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384581

Interactive grasping from clutter, akin to human dexterity, is one of the longest-standing problems in robot learning. Challenges stem from the intricacies of visual perception, the demand for precise motor skills, and the complex interplay between the two. In this work, we present Teacher-Augmented Policy Gradient (TAPG), a novel two-stage learning framework that synergizes reinforcement learning and policy distillation. After training a teacher policy to master the motor control based on object pose information, TAPG facilitates guided, yet adaptive, learning of a sensorimotor policy, based on object segmentation. We zero-shot transfer from simulation to a real robot by using Segment Anything Model for promptable object segmentation. Our trained policies adeptly grasp a wide variety of objects from cluttered scenarios in simulation and the real world based on human-understandable prompts. Furthermore, we show robust zero-shot transfer to novel objects. Videos of our experiments are available at https://***/grasp_anything.

关键词： Training Instance segmentation Motor drives Object segmentation Reinforcement learning Robot sensing systems Motors

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REMOTELY CONTROLLABLE DNA MICROFLOW 26

REMOTELY CONTROLLABLE DNA MICROFLOW

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26th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences, MicroTAS 2022

作者： Udono, Hirotake Nomura, Shin-Ichiro M. Takinoue, Masahiro Department of Computer Science School of Computing Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan Department of Robotics Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781733419048

Despite an emerging interest in fluid manipulation within confined environment such as biological cells and micro-scale biomimics, remotely controllable micro-scale flow remains unexplored. However, intracellular microfluidics is not compatible with established top-down microfluidic methods because of limited accessibility. Here, we demonstrate photoresponsive DNA fluid, condensate of DNA nanostructures (DNA motifs), as a versatile mechanistic tool for the remote control of microflow. Insertion site of azobenzene, introduced for photocontrollability, determines an extent of dynamic shift in binding enthalpy between DNA motifs, providing the underpinning mechanism for drastic and facile flow-mode switching. © 2022 MicroTAS 2022 - 26th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences. All rights reserved.

关键词： Remote control

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A Comparison of Prompt Engineering Techniques for Task Planning and Execution in Service robotics

A Comparison of Prompt Engineering Techniques for Task Plann...

引用

IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots

作者： Jonas Bode Bastian Pätzold Raphael Memmesheimer Sven Behnke Autonomous Intelligent Systems group Computer Science Institute VI – Intelligent Systems and Robotics Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence and Center for Robotics University of Bonn Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350373578

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373585

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have been instrumental in autonomous robot control and human-robot interaction by leveraging their vast general knowledge and capabilities to understand and reason across a wide range of tasks and scenarios. Previous works have investigated various prompt engineering techniques for improving the performance of LLMs to accomplish tasks, while others have proposed methods that utilize LLMs to plan and execute tasks based on the available functionalities of a given robot platform. In this work, we consider both lines of research by comparing prompt engineering techniques and combinations thereof within the application of high-level task planning and execution in service robotics. We define a diverse set of tasks and a simple set of functionalities in simulation, and measure task completion accuracy and execution time for several state-of-the-art models. We make our code, including all prompts, available at https://***/AIS-Bonn/Prompt_Engineering.

关键词： Knowledge engineering Service robots Large language models Instruments Humanoid robots Reliability engineering Time measurement Planning Prompt engineering Tuning

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A study on Automated railway level crossing control system using FMCW radar for accident prevention

A study on Automated railway level crossing control system u...

引用

International Conference on Applied Electronics, AE

作者： Kristaps Māris Greitans Robotics and Machine Perceptions laboratory Institute of Electronics and Computer science Riga Latvia

This study paper explores the implementation of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) in railway transportation, with a focus on level crossings, which have been a significant issue in railway safety. The paper discusses the limitations of current technologies such as laser technology and video surveillance and presents a novel solution utilizing a 79GHz Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar in combination with a CCTV camera for a dual sensor module. The FMCW radar is shown to be more accurate and cost-effective than previous technologies and can detect both large and small objects in the defined area at level crossings and difficult weather situations. The paper also presents a system architecture that takes into account vehicle detection time, which is crucial in reducing the risk of accidents and improving the safety of level crossings. This study aimed to compare the performance of different object detection modules under varying weather conditions. Three object detection methods were tested: a camera with the object detection algorithm Yolov5, FMCW radar with a built-in tracker, and manual observation. Four measurement sessions were conducted, each with a different combination of weather and time of day. The results showed that all modules performed similarly well under clear weather conditions, with the camera and radar modules detecting all vehicles approaching. However, under rainy and dark conditions, the radar module outperformed the camera, detecting 5 more objects.

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GUTS: Generalized Uncertainty-Aware Thompson Sampling for Multi-Agent Active Search

GUTS: Generalized Uncertainty-Aware Thompson Sampling for Mu...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Nikhil Angad Bakshi Tejus Gupta Ramina Ghods Jeff Schneider Robotics Institute School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA

Robotic solutions for quick disaster response are essential to ensure minimal loss of life, especially when the search area is too dangerous or too vast for human rescuers. We model this problem as an asynchronous multi-agent active-search task where each robot aims to efficiently seek objects of interest (OOIs) in an unknown environment. This formulation addresses the requirement that search missions should focus on quick recovery of OO1s rather than full coverage of the search region. Previous approaches fail to accurately model sensing uncertainty, account for occlusions due to foliage or terrain, or consider the requirement for heterogeneous search teams and robustness to hardware and communication failures. We present the Generalized Uncertainty-aware Thompson Sampling (GUTS) algorithm, which addresses these issues and is suitable for deployment on heterogeneous multi-robot systems for active search in large unstructured environments. We show through simulation experiments that GUTS consistently outperforms existing methods such as parallelized Thompson Sampling and exhaustive search, recovering all OOIs in 80% of all runs. In contrast, existing approaches recover all OOIs in less than 40% of all runs. We conduct field tests using our multirobot system in an unstructured environment with a search area of ≈75,000 m 2 . Our system demonstrates robustness to various failure modes, achieving full recovery of OOIs (where feasible) in every field run, and significantly outperforming our baseline.

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