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arXiv 2021年

作者： Aquilina, Simon Joseph Casino, Fran Vella, Mark Ellul, Joshua Patsakis, Constantinos Department of Computer Science University of Malta Msida Malta Centre for Distributed Ledger Technologies University of Malta Msida Malta Department of Informatics University of Piraeus 80 Karaoli & Dimitriou str. Piraeus18534 Greece Information Management Systems Institute Athena Research Center Artemidos 6 Marousi15125 Greece

Programming errors in Ethereum smart contracts can result in catastrophic financial losses from stolen cryptocurrency. While vulnerability detectors can prevent vulnerable contracts from being deployed, this does not mean that such contracts will not be deployed. Once a vulnerable contract is instantiated on the blockchain and becomes the target of attacks, the identification of exploit transactions becomes indispensable in assessing whether it has been actually exploited and identifying which malicious or subverted accounts were involved. In this work, we study the problem of post-factum investigation of Ethereum attacks using Indicators of Compromise (IoCs) specially crafted for use in the blockchain. IoC definitions need to capture the side-effects of successful exploitation in the context of the Ethereum blockchain. Therefore, we define a model for smart contract execution, comprising multiple abstraction levels that mirror the multiple views of code execution on a blockchain. Subsequently, we compare IoCs defined across the different levels in terms of their effectiveness and practicality through EtherClue, a prototype tool for investigating Ethereum security incidents. Our results illustrate that coarse-grained IoCs defined over blocks of transactions can detect exploit transactions with less computation;however, they are contract-specific and suffer from false negatives. On the other hand, fine-grained IoCs defined over virtual machine instructions can avoid these pitfalls at the expense of increased computation which are nevertheless applicable for practical use. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Blockchain

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Dynamic Management of Traffic Signals through Social IoT

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Procedia computer science 2020年 171卷 1908-1916页

作者： Roopa M S Ayesha Siddiq S Rajkumar Buyya Venugopal K R S S Iyengar L M Patnaik IoT Lab University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering Bangalore University Bengaluru India Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Lab School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne Australia Bangalore University Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Florida International University USA National Institute of Advanced Studies Indian Institute of Science Campus Bengaluru India

Traffic congestion is a major threat to transportation sector in every urban city around the world. This causes many adverse effects like, heavy fuel consumption, increased waiting time, pollution, etc. and pose an eminent challenge to the movement of emergency vehicles. To achieve better driving we proceed towards a trending research field called Social Internet of Vehicles (SIoV). A social network paradigm that permits the establishment of social relationships among every vehicle in the network or with any road infrastructure can be radically helpful. This holds as the aim of SIoV, to be beneficial for the drivers, in improving the road safety, avoiding mishaps, and have a friendly-driving environment. In this paper, we propose a Dynamic congestion control with Throughput Maximization scheme based on Social Aspect (D-TMSA) utilizing the social, behavioral and preference-based relationships. Our proposed scheme along with the various social relationship types allocates green signal to maximize the traffic flow passing through an intersection. Simulation results show that the D-TMSA outperforms the existing work by achieving high throughput, lowering the total traveling time and reducing the average waiting time to better the flow of traffic based on their social attributes with each other.

关键词： Dynamic Traffic Control Traffic Congestion Management Social Internet of Vehicles (SIoV) Social Relationships

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CLAWER: Context-aware Cloud-Fog based Workflow Management Framework for Health Emergency Services

CLAWER: Context-aware Cloud-Fog based Workflow Management Fr...

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IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid (CCGRID)

作者： Shreya Ghosh Jaydeep Das Soumya K Ghosh Rajkumar Buyya Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India Advanced Technology Development Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Lab School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne Australia

ISBN: (数字)9781728160955

ISBN: (纸本)9781728196497

With the major development of sensor technologies and advancements of communication network infrastructures, there is a growing interest to add more intelligence in the e-health monitoring for facilitating an effective healthcare system. While IoT devices are capable of continuous health-parameter sensing and providing notifications to the user, an effective business process management (BPM) facilitates effective system integration and data processing workflow. This paper proposes an efficient framework for managing emergency situations (specifically, health-related) through the analysis of heterogeneous data sources. The proposed framework, named CLAWER (CLoud-Fog bAsed Workflow for Emergency seRvice) aims to bridge the gap between process management and data analytics by providing an automated workflow for personalized health-monitoring and efficient recommendation system. Here, the IoT devices are used for collecting the movement and health data. The smart phone can act as an edge device to acquire data with user movement information. The accumulated data is initially processed inside the fog device, and finally the analysis and recommendations are generated by the cloud. In this paper the indoor health-status of the users are analysed in small cell cloud enhanced eNode B, which is used as fog device. The generated recommendations are stored in the fog device to provide the recommendations to the users with low latency and in timely manner. The experimental analysis of CLAWER yields better precision and recall values than the existing methods.

关键词： Cloud computing Roads Medical services Markov processes Monitoring Delays Biomedical monitoring

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Foundational Competencies and Responsibilities of a Research Software Engineer

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Goth, Florian Alves, Renato Braun, Matthias Castro, Leyla Jael Chourdakis, Gerasimos Christ, Simon Cohen, Jeremy Druskat, Stephan Erxleben, Fredo Grad, Jean-Noël Hagdorn, Magnus Hodges, Toby Juckeland, Guido Kempf, Dominic Lamprecht, Anna-Lena Linxweiler, Jan Löffler, Frank Martone, Michele Schwarzmeier, Moritz Seibold, Heidi Thiele, Jan Philipp Waldow, Harald von Wittke, Samantha Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics University of Würzburg Germany European Molecular Biology Laboratory Heidelberg Germany Cluster of Excellence IntCDC University of Stuttgart Germany ZB MED Information Centre for Life Sciences Cologne Germany School of Computation Information and Technology Technical University of Munich Garching Germany Institute for Parallel and Distributed Systems University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany Leibniz University Hannover Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics Computational Biology Germany Imperial College London London United Kingdom Institute for Software Technology Berlin Germany Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Department of Computer Science Berlin Germany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Germany Institute for Computational Physics University of Stuttgart Germany Geschäftsbereich IT Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany The Carpentries United States Heidelberg University Scientific Software Center Germany Institute of Computer Science University of Potsdam Germany Technische Universität Braunschweig Germany Michael Stifel Center Jena Friedrich Schiller University Jena Germany Leibniz Supercomputing Centre Garching Germany Mathematical Modeling and Analysis TU Darmstadt Germany IGDORE Munich Germany Weierstrass Institute Berlin Germany Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Applied Mathematics Scientific Computing Hannover Germany Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute Centre for Information Management Germany

The term Research Software Engineer, or RSE, emerged a little over 10 years ago as a way to represent individuals working in the research community but focusing on software development. The term has been widely adopted and there are a number of high-level definitions of what an RSE is. However, the roles of RSEs vary depending on the institutional context they work in. At one end of the spectrum, RSE roles may look similar to a traditional research role. At the other extreme, they resemble that of a software engineer in industry. Most RSE roles inhabit the space between these two extremes. Therefore, providing a straightforward, comprehensive definition of what an RSE does and what experience, skills and competencies are required to become one is challenging. In this community paper we define the broad notion of what an RSE is, explore the different types of work they undertake, and define a list of foundational competencies as well as values that outline the general profile of an RSE. Further research and training can build upon this foundation of skills and focus on various aspects in greater detail. We expect that graduates and practitioners will have a larger and more diverse set of skills than outlined here. On this basis, we elaborate on the progression of these skills along different dimensions. We look at specific types of RSE roles, propose recommendations for organisations, and give examples of future specialisations. An appendix details how existing curricula fit into this framework. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： computer aided software engineering

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Genomic map of the functionally extinct northern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum cottoni)

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Proceedings of the National Academy of sciences of the United States of America 2025年第20期122卷 e2401207122页

作者： Wang, Gaojianyong Korody, Marisa L. Brändl, Björn Hernandez-Toro, Camilo Jose Rohrandt, Christian Hong, Karl Pang, Andy Wing Chun Lee, Joyce Migliorelli, Giovanna Stanke, Mario Ford, Sarah M. Pollmann, Iris Houck, Marlys L. Lewin, Harris A. Lear, Teri L. Ryder, Oliver A. Meissner, Alexander Loring, Jeanne F. Müller, Franz-Josef Department of Genome Regulation Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics 14195 Berlin Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Christian-Albrechts Universität Kiel 24105 Germany Zentrum für Integrative Psychiatrie University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Kiel 24105 Germany San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance Escondido 92027 CA United States Institute for Communications Technologies and Embedded Systems Kiel University of Applied Sciences Kiel 24149 Germany Bionano Genomics Inc San Diego CA 92121 Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes University of Greifswald Germany Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California CA 95060 Santa Cruz Argentina The Genome Center University of California Davis CA 95616 Department of Evolution and Ecology University of California Davis CA 95616 John Muir Institute for the Environment University of California Davis CA 95616 Gluck Equine Research Center Department of Veterinary Science University of Kentucky Lexington United States Scripps Research La Jolla CA 92037 Italy

The northern white rhinoceros (NWR;Ceratotherium simum cottoni) is functionally extinct, with only two nonreproductive females alive. Efforts to rescue the NWR from its inevitable demise have inspired the exploration of unconventional conservation methods, including the development of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for the in vitro generation of artificial gametes. The integrity of iPSC genomes is critical for in vitro gametogenesis to be used for assisted reproductive technologies using NWR iPSCs. We generated a chromosome-level NWR reference genome that meets or exceeds the metrics proposed by the Vertebrate Genome Project, using complementary sequencing and mapping methods. The genome represents 40 autosomes, an X and a partially resolved Y chromosome, and the mitochondrial genome. Using comparative FISH mapping, we confirmed a general gene order conservation between the NWR and horse genomes. We aligned the NWR genome with that of the southern white rhinoceros (SWR;Ceratotherium simum simum), a population that has been physically separated from the NWR for tens of thousands of years, and we found that the two subspecies are very similar on the chromosome level. Comparing long-read data from NWR iPSC lines and the fibroblast cultures used for reprogramming, we identified copy number variations that were likely to have been introduced during in vitro iPSC expansion. The NWR reference genome allows for efficient, rapid, and accurate assessment of the genomic integrity of iPSC lines to direct their differentiation. This will assist in strategies to rescue the NWR through extraordinary measures like cloning and the generation of embryos from iPSC-derived gametes.

关键词： genome assembly genome integrity iPSC northern white rhinoceros southern white rhinoceros

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Label Distribution Learning on Imbalanced Data

Label Distribution Learning on Imbalanced Data

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IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing and Big Data Analysis (ICCCBDA)

作者： Guangyue Zhou Kewen Li Peng Xie Jiannan Zhai Jianbing Zhu College of Computer Science and Technology China University of petroleum Qingdao China Institute for Sensing and Embedded Network Systems Engineering Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton USA SINOPEC Geophysical Research Institute Shengli Oilfield Company Dongying China

ISBN: (数字)9781728160245

ISBN: (纸本)9781728160252

Although multi-label learning can handle problems involving label ambiguity, it is not suitable for applications where the overall distribution of the importance of the labels matters. Imbalanced data also poses challenges to classification applications. In this paper, we propose a novel learning paradigm named Label Distribution Learning on Imbalanced Data (LDLID) for such applications, which is based on the improved Kullback-Leibler Divergence and uses the adaptive step size to update the gradient. The experimental results show that LDLID achieves better performance in comparison with four widely-used algorithms on four imbalanced datasets.

关键词： Classification algorithms Prediction methods Learning systems Data mining Machine learning

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Automated Controller Placement for Software-Defined Networks to Resist DDoS Attacks

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computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3147-3165页

作者： Muhammad Reazul Haque Saw Chin Tan Zulfadzli Yusoff Kashif Nisar Lee Ching Kwang Rizaludin Kaspin Bhawani Shankar Chowdhry Rajkumar Buyya Satya Prasad Majumder Manoj Gupta Shuaib Memon Faculty of Computing&Informatics Multimedia UniversityPersiaran MultimediaCyberjaya63100SelangorMalaysia Faculty of Engineering Multimedia UniversityPersiaran MultimediaCyberjaya63100SelangorMalaysia Faculty of Computing and Informatics University Malaysia SabahJalan UMSKota Kinabalu Sabah88400Malaysia Telekom Malaysia Research&Development TM Innovation CentreCyberjaya63000SelangorMalaysia National Center of Robotics and Automation Mehran University of Engineering&TechnologyJamshoroPakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul04763South Korea School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems Laboratory The University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3053Australia Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology(BUET)Dhaka1205Bangladesh Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering JECRC UniversityVidhaniJaipur303905India Auckland Institute of Studies Mt AlbertAucklandNew Zealand

In software-defined networks(SDNs),controller placement is a critical factor in the design and planning for the future Internet of Things(IoT),telecommunication,and satellite communication *** research has concentrated largely on factors such as reliability,latency,controller capacity,propagation delay,and energy ***,SDNs are vulnerable to distributed denial of service(DDoS)attacks that interfere with legitimate use of the *** ever-increasing frequency of DDoS attacks has made it necessary to consider them in network design,especially in critical applications such as military,health care,and financial services networks requiring high *** propose a mathematical model for planning the deployment of SDN smart backup controllers(SBCs)to preserve service in the presence of DDoS *** a number of input parameters,our model has two distinct ***,it determines the optimal number of primary controllers to place at specific locations or nodes under normal operating ***,it recommends an optimal number of smart backup controllers for use with different levels of DDoS *** goal of the model is to improve resistance to DDoS attacks while optimizing the overall cost based on the *** simulated results demonstrate that the model is useful in planning for SDN reliability in the presence of DDoS attacks while managing the overall cost.

关键词： SDN automated controller placement SBC ILP DDoS attack

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Impact of intragrain spin wave reflections on nanocontact spin torque oscillators

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Physical Review B 2021年第21期103卷 214433-214433页

作者： Anders J. Eklund Mykola Dvornik Fatjon Qejvanaj Sheng Jiang Sunjae Chung Johan Åkerman B. Gunnar Malm Department of Physics University of Oslo Box 1048 Blindern 0316 Oslo Norway NanOsc AB Electrum 205 164 40 Kista Sweden Department of Applied Physics School of Engineering Sciences KTH Royal Institute of Technology Electrum 229 164 40 Kista Sweden Department of Physics University of Gothenburg 412 96 Gothenburg Sweden Department of Physics Education Korea National University of Education Cheongju 28173 Korea Division of Electronics and Embedded Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Electrum 229 164 40 Kista Sweden

We investigate the origin of the experimentally observed varying current-frequency nonlinearity of the propagating spin wave mode in nanocontact spin torque oscillators. Nominally identical devices with 100 nm diameter are characterized by electrical microwave measurements and show large variation in the generated frequency as a function of drive current. This quantitative and qualitative device-to-device variation is described in terms of continuous and discontinuous nonlinear transitions between linear current intervals. The thin-film grain microstructure in our samples is determined using atomic force and scanning electron microscopy to be on the scale of 30 nm. Micromagnetic simulations show that the reflection of spin waves against the grain boundaries results in standing wave resonance configurations. For a simulated device with a single artificial grain, the frequency increases linearly with the drive current until the decreased wavelength eventually forces another spin wave antinode to be formed. This transition results in a discontinuous step in the frequency versus current relation. Simulations of complete, randomly generated grain microstructures additionally shows continuous nonlinearity and a resulting device-to-device variation in frequency that is similar to the experimental levels. The impact of temperature from 4 to 300 K on the resonance mode-transition nonlinearity and frequency noise is investigated using simulations and it is found that the peak levels of the spectral linewidth as a function of drive current agree quantitatively with typical levels found in experiments at room temperature. The impact of the grain microstructure on the localized oscillation modes is also investigated.

关键词： Microstructure Spin transfer torque Spin waves Spin valves Atomic force microscopy Micromagnetic modeling Microwave techniques Scanning electron microscopy

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Correction: Privacy preservation in the internet of vehicles using local differential privacy and IOTA ledger

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Cluster Computing 2023年第6期26卷 3379-3379页

作者： Iftikhar, Zainab Anjum, Adeel Khan, Abid Shah, Munam Ali Jeon, Gwanggil Department of Computer Science COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan Institute of Information Technology Quaid i Azam University Islamabad Pakistan College of Science and Engineering University of Derby Derby UK Department of Embedded Systems Engineering Incheon National University Incheon Republic of Korea Energy Excellence & Smart City Lab Incheon National University Incheon Republic of Korea

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Dataset search in biodiversity research: Do metadata in data repositories reflect scholarly information needs?

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Löffler, Felicitas Wesp, Valentin König-Ries, Birgitta Klan, Friederike Heinz-Nixdorf Chair for Distributed Information Systems Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena Germany Michael-Stifel-Center for Data-Driven and Simulation Science Jena Germany Halle-Jena-Leipzig Germany Citizen Science Group DLR-Institute of Data Science German Aerospace Center Jena Germany

The increasing amount of publicly available research data provides the opportunity to link and integrate data in order to create and prove novel hypotheses, to repeat experiments or to compare recent data to data collected at a different time or place. However, recent studies have shown that retrieving relevant data for data reuse is a time-consuming task in daily research practice. In this study, we explore what hampers dataset retrieval in biodiversity research, a field that produces a large amount of heterogeneous data. We analyze the primary source in dataset search - metadata - and determine if they reflect scholarly search interests. We examine if metadata standards provide elements corresponding to search interests, we inspect if selected data repositories use metadata standards representing scholarly interests, and we determine how many fields of the metadata standards used are filled. To determine search interests in biodiversity research, we gathered 169 questions that researchers aimed to answer with the help of retrieved data, identified biological entities and grouped them into 13 categories. The categories were evaluated with nine biodiversity scholars who assigned one of the types to pre-labeled biological entities in the questions. Our findings indicate that environments, materials and chemicals, species, biological and chemical processes, locations, data parameters and data types are important search interests in biodiversity research. The comparison with existing metadata standards shows that domain-specific standards cover search interests quite well, whereas general standards do not explicitly contain elements that reflect search interests. We inspect metadata from five large data repositories. Our results confirm that metadata currently poorly reflect search interests in biodiversity research. From these findings, we derive recommendations for researchers and data repositories how to bridge the gap between search interest and metadata provided.

关键词： Semantic Web

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