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Efficient Communication in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Optimized Energy Efficient Engroove Leach Clustering Protocol

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 985-1001页

作者： N.Meenakshi Sultan Ahmad A.V.Prabu J.Nageswara Rao Nashwan Adnan Othman Hikmat A.M.Abdeljaber R.Sekar Jabeen Nazeer SRM Institute of Science and Technology KattankulathurChennai 603203India Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj 11942Saudi Arabia University Center for Research and Development(UCRD) Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityGharuanMohali 140413India Department of ECE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramGuntur 522502India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering(A)NTR District 521230India Department of Computer Engineering College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbil 44001Iraq Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyApplied Science Private UniversityAmman 11937Jordan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering(ECE) School of EngineeringPresidency UniversityBangalore 834001India

The Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is a network that is constructed in regions that are inaccessible to human *** widespread deployment of wireless micro sensors will make it possible to conduct accurate environmental monitoring for a use in both civil and military *** make use of these data to monitor and keep track of the physical data of the surrounding environment in order to ensure the sustainability of the *** data have to be picked up by the sensor,and then sent to the sink node where they may be *** nodes of the WSNs are powered by batteries,therefore they eventually run out of *** energy restriction has an effect on the network life span and environmental *** objective of this study is to further improve the Engroove Leach(EL)protocol’s energy efficiency so that the network can operate for a very long time while consuming the least amount of *** lifespan of WSNs is being extended often using clustering and routing *** Meta Inspired Hawks Fragment Optimization(MIHFO)system,which is based on passive clustering,is used in this study to do *** cluster head is chosen based on the nodes’residual energy,distance to neighbors,distance to base station,node degree,and node *** on distance,residual energy,and node degree,an algorithm known as Heuristic Wing Antfly Optimization(HWAFO)selects the optimum path between the cluster head and Base Station(BS).They examine the number of nodes that are active,their energy consumption,and the number of data packets that the BS *** overall experimentation is carried out under the MATLAB *** the analysis,it has been discovered that the suggested approach yields noticeably superior outcomes in terms of throughput,packet delivery and drop ratio,and average energy consumption.

关键词： wireless sensor networks energy efficient engroove leach protocol meta inspired Hawks fragment optimization heuristic wing antfly optimization

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Magnitude-Corrected and Time-Aligned Interpolation of Head-Related Transfer Functions

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IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing 2023年 31卷 3783-3799页

作者： Arend, Johannes M. Porschmann, Christoph Weinzierl, Stefan Brinkmann, Fabian Technische Universität Berlin Audio Communication Group Berlin10587 Germany Th Köln - University of Applied Sciences Institute of Computer and Communication Technology Cologne50679 Germany

Head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) are essential for virtual acoustic realities because they contain all cues for localizing sound sources in three-dimensional space. Acoustic measurements are one way to obtain high-quality HRTFs. To reduce measurement time, cost, and complexity of measurement systems, a promising approach is to capture only a few HRTFs on a sparse sampling grid and then upsample them to a dense HRTF set by interpolation. However, HRTF interpolation is challenging because small changes in source position can result in significant changes in the HRTF phase and magnitude response. Previous studies have greatly improved the interpolation by time-aligning the HRTFs in pre-processing, but magnitude interpolation errors remain a problem, especially in contralateral regions. Building on time-aligned interpolation, we propose a post-interpolation magnitude correction derived from a frequency-smoothed HRTF representation. Our technical evaluation based on 96 individual simulated HRTF sets shows that the magnitude correction reduces subject-averaged magnitude errors in the higher frequency range by up to 1.5 dB when averaged over all directions and by up to 4 dB in the contralateral region. As a result, interaural level differences in the upsampled HRTFs are also improved. The accompanying perceptual evaluation shows that the magnitude correction significantly reduces perceived coloration and results in a more stable and accurate perceived source position. Additional technical evaluations show that the proposed method outperforms current machine learning based algorithms, can be used with measured HRTFs, and is superior to using a dummy head HRTF set even when only six source positions are used for upsampling. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Interpolation

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Students Want to Experiment While Teachers Care More About Assessment! Exploring How Novices and Experts Engage in Course Design 16

Students Want to Experiment While Teachers Care More About A...

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16th International Conference on computer Supported Education, CSEDU 2024

作者： Ahmad, Atezaz Schneider, Jan Schmitz, Marcel Schiffner, Daniel Drachsler, Hendrik DIPF - Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education Frankfurt Germany Institute for Computer Science Goethe University Frankfurt Germany Zuyd University of Applied Sciences Heerlen Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9789897586972

Learning Design (LD) is the strategic orchestration of educational components to create a rewarding experience for students and educators. Adapting it to real-world scenarios with evolving technologies, like learning analytics (LA), adds complexity but offers the potential for enhanced learning outcomes and engagement. Prior research highlights the growing importance of LA in informing LD decisions. The FoLA2 method offers a collaborative approach to course design considering LA implications. This study pursues two primary objectives. Firstly, to enhance the FoLA2 method by granting course designers access to the Open Learning Analytics Indicator Repository (OpenLAIR) that facilitates visual connections between LD pedagogies, LD-LA activities, LA indicators and their metrics. Secondly, to explore how novice and expert groups utilize the FoLA2 methodology to design a course in Technology Enhanced Learning. The findings indicate that OpenLAIR aided both groups while designing the course. Moreover, findings show that the design of novice and expert groups aligns at a fundamental level on how theory needs to be communicated and then diverges in the practical application of it where novices prioritized pedagogy and activity design, while experts focused more on data harvesting and LA application. Copyright © 2024 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Students

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A generative adversarial network-based data augmentation approach with transient vibration data 27

A generative adversarial network-based data augmentation app...

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27th International Conference on Knowledge Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Sytems, KES 2023

作者： Koenig, Timo Cadau, Luca Wagner, Fabian Kley, Markus Institute for Drive Technology University of Applied Sciences Aalen Aalen73430 Germany Faculty for Electronics and Computer Science University of Applied Sciences Aalen Aalen73430 Germany

In order to perform fault classification using machine learning algorithms, sufficient and balanced data is required. The paper presents a novel approach for data augmentation using a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) with transient, time-dependent vibration data. The proposed approach aims to generate synthetic data in form of spectrograms that closely resemble the characteristics of the real data sets. Synthetic data generation can be used to improve the training performance of neural networks for vibration analysis if not enough or unbalanced real data is available. The authors demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by training a vibration-based fault detection model using synthetic data and comparing its performance to a model trained on real data only as well as with a t-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding (t-SNE). Real data is acquired on a bearing test rig and measurements are carried out on bearings with four different system states. The results show that the model trained with the synthetic data set outperforms the model trained with real data only, indicating that the synthetic data generated by the proposed approach can improve the training performance and accuracy of the machine learning model. Overall, the paper highlights the potential of GAN-based data augmentation approach via spectrograms for vibration analysis and offers insights into its practical application to bearings. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0)

关键词： Bearing Condition Monitoring Data Generation Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) Spectrogram

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KUKA Robot Language Parser for Product Adaptive Manufacturing 20

KUKA Robot Language Parser for Product Adaptive Manufacturin...

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20th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices, SSD 2023

作者： Rosenstock, Robert Wrutz, Tim Biesenbach, Rolf Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Bochum University of Applied Sciences Bochum Germany Institute for Automation and Industry 4.0 Bochum University of Applied Sciences Bochum Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350332568

The work reported in this paper enables to upload and activation of new programs to KUKA industrial robots during active operation, which would not be possible normally. By doing this it is possible to program those robots offline resulting in increased flexibility for modern manufacturing. The programs could be placed on work pieces to form a work-piece-driven production. Comparable projects increased the capabilities of robot programming by avoiding the KUKA Robot Language using high-level programming languages. Those approaches have proven themselves in the field of research. Nevertheless, this work tries a completely different approach by enabling offline programming and switching between programs while maintaining KRL the most used robot programming language for KUKA robots. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Robot programming

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Real-Time Human Fall Detection Using a Lightweight Pose Estimation Technique 5th

Real-Time Human Fall Detection Using a Lightweight Pose Est...

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5th International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Communications and Business Analytics, CICBA 2023

作者： Alam, Ekram Sufian, Abu Dutta, Paramartha Leo, Marco Department of Computer Science Gour Mahavidyalaya West Bengal Mangalbari India Department of Computer Science University of Gour Banga Malda India Department of Computer and System Sciences Visva-Bharati University Bolpur India National Research Council of Italy Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems Lecce73100 Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031488788

The elderly population is increasing rapidly around the world. There are no enough caretakers for them. Use of AI-based in-home medical care systems is gaining momentum due to this. Human fall detection is one of the most important tasks of medical care system for the aged people. Human fall is a common problem among elderly people. Detection of a fall and providing medical help as early as possible is very important to reduce any further complexity. The chances of death and other medical complications can be reduced by detecting and providing medical help as early as possible after the fall. There are many state-of-the-art fall detection techniques available these days, but the majority of them need very high computing power. In this paper, we proposed a lightweight and fast human fall detection system using pose estimation. We used ‘Movenet’ for human joins key-points extraction. Our proposed method can work in real-time on any low-computing device with any basic camera. All computation can be processed locally, so there is no problem of privacy of the subject. We used two datasets ‘GMDCSA’ and ‘URFD’ for the experiment. We got the sensitivity value of 0.9375 and 0.9167 for the dataset ‘GMDCSA’ and ‘URFD’ respectively. The source code and the dataset GMDCSA of our work are available online to access. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Fall detection

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Through-Foliage Tracking with Airborne Optical Sectioning

Journal of Remote Sensing

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Journal of Remote Sensing 2022年第1期2022卷 234-243页

作者： Rakesh John Amala Arokia Nathan Indrajit Kurmi David C.Schedl Oliver Bimber Institute of Computer Graphics Johannes Kepler University LinzLinzAustria University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria HagenbergAustria

Detecting and tracking moving targets through foliage is difficult,and for many cases even impossible in regular aerial images and *** present an initial light-weight and drone-operated 1D camera array that supports parallel synthetic aperture aerial *** main finding is that color anomaly detection benefits significantly from image integration when compared to conventional raw images or video frames(on average 97%vs.42%in precision in our field experiments).We demonstrate that these two contributions can lead to the detection and tracking of moving people through densely occluding forest.

关键词： frames moving image

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Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya-type spin-spin interaction from mixed-parity superconductivity

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Physical Review B 2025年第6期111卷 L060504-L060504页

作者： Jabir Ali Ouassou Takehito Yokoyama Jacob Linder Department of Computer Science Electrical Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Western Norway University of Applied Sciences NO-5528 Haugesund Norway Department of Physics Tokyo Institute of Technology Meguro Tokyo 152-8551 Japan Center for Quantum Spintronics Department of Physics Norwegian University of Science and Technology NO-7491 Trondheim Norway

Interacting impurity spins adsorbed on surfaces have been suggested as basic components for applications in quantum computation and spintronics. Such spins usually prefer a parallel or antiparallel configuration, but weakly noncollinear alignments are possible due to the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) that arises in the presence of relativistic spin-orbit coupling. Here, we show that an effective Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya-type interaction (DMTI) can emerge purely from superconducting correlations without any spin-orbit interaction. We give an analytical proof and provide a numerical study which shows that DMTI arises in mixed-parity superconductors solely from the superconducting pairing. Moreover, we show that the same effect can be realized in Josephson junctions between s-wave and p-wave superconductors, where a phase bias toggles the DMTI entirely on and off. These results enable a way to engineer spin textures using superconducting order.

关键词： Shear waves

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Analysis of Different Algorithms to Measure Average Active Power with Volatile Frequency 13

Analysis of Different Algorithms to Measure Average Active P...

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13th IEEE International Workshop on applied Measurements for Power Systems, AMPS 2023

作者： Bumiller, Gerd Maier, Hans Peter Institute of Computer Science Hochschule Ruhr West University of Applied Sciences Bottrop Germany Institute of Energy Systems and Energy Management Hochschule Ruhr West University of Applied Sciences Bottrop Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350312409

Changes in the power grid present new challenges to measure active power. On the one hand, the duration of stationary behavior is decreasing due to fast control loops of inverters and as consequence, the time span of averaging has to be reduced. On the other hand, the reduced total system inertia, micro grids and islanding concepts require power measurements in grids with much higher volatility of line frequency. The definition of active power measurement in IEEE 1459-2010 is defined over a constant integration interval, which shall be a positive integer multiplied with the period time of the mains fundamental. This can only be fulfilled by a constant line frequency. A definition for the measurement of average active power under conditions of volatile line frequency was not found in today's standards. Even today in power quality measurements, methods to adapt the integration interval based on current line frequency are used. In this paper, we compare two different algorithms to measure over a minimum duration of one line cycle the average active power for harmonic signals with volatile frequency f\mathrm{o}(t) of fundamental wave. The first algorithm is adapting the integration interval based on f0(t). The second algorithm normalizes the time scale to a fixed relation to the angle of a fundamental oscillation. Using this normalized time scale, the integration interval is obviously constant again. The evaluation of results, based on synthetic signals with constant average active power, is done according to the definition in 'Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement' (GUM) [1] '... a well-defined physical quantity - the measurand - can be characterized by an essentially unique value.' A measurement device is not able to get f_{0}(t) as a side information. Therefore, an implementation will be presented with normalization of time scale based on a phase locked loop. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Power quality

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A Neuro-Fuzzy Approach to MOPP Open Time Prediction for Chemical Threats in Low-Intensity Conflicts

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International Journal of Fuzzy System Applications 2022年第1期11卷 1-17页

作者： Kumar, Vijay Tyagi, Lakshya Department of Applied Mathematics Amity Institute of Applied Sciences Amity University Noida India Department of Computer Science and Engineering ASET Amity University Noida India

CBRN (chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear) weapons systems hold the potential to cause great damage to a fighting unit. Chemical warfare agents are cheaper and easier to produce and deploy. Mission-oriented protective posture (MOPP) equipment is used to isolate soldiers from the toxic environment in case of a chemical attack. Sustained wearing of MOPP overgarments can put soldiers at the risk of dehydration and heat stress, while reducing their capability to carry out labour-intensive tasks efficiently. A hierarchal adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (HANFIS) model is proposed to predict worst case MOPP open times for surfaces covered with chemical agent resistant coating (CARC). The model can provide decision support for commanders when determining MOPP open or unmasking time. From the HANFIS simulation results, it was concluded that the model can accurately predict MOPP open times according to data present in military field manuals in a manner that is computationally efficient and easy to interpret based on linguistic rules, and most importantly, easy to customize according to the needs of in-theatre commander based on intelligence on the enemy's arsenal of CW agents and weather conditions of their unit's location. This work adds to the body of evidence that soft computing techniques can be effectively applied to the design of decision support systems for defence sciences. Copyright © 2022, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited.

关键词： Chemical warfare

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