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Millimeter-Wave GaAs Ultra-Wideband Medium Power Amplifier and Broadband High-Power Power Amplifier for 5G/6G Applications

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IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems 2024年第1期14卷 111-121页

作者： Fu, Zi-Hao Li, Ming-Xuan Ma, Tzyh-Ghuang Wu, Chan-Shin Lin, Kun-You National Taiwan University Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Taipei10617 Taiwan National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Taipei10607 Taiwan ASUSTek Computer Inc. Taipei11259 Taiwan Ultraband Technologies Inc. Taipei11158 Taiwan

This paper presents an ultra-wideband (UWB) medium power amplifier (MPA) and a broadband high-power power amplifier (HPA) operating at the 5G/6G frequency bands. By using 0.15~\mu \text{m} GaAs pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (pHEMT) technology process, the proposed UWB MPA delivers an average small-signal gain of 16.5 dB, a saturation output power (\text{P}_{\mathrm {sat}} ) of 24 dBm, and a peak power-added efficiency (PAE) over 24% from 24 to 38 GHz with a chip area of 2\times1 mm2. The broadband HPA demonstrates a 17-dB average small-signal gain, 29-dBm \text{P}_{\mathrm {sat}} , and a PAE over 28% from 24 to 32 GHz with a 2.4\times1.1 mm2 chip size. The measurement results have demonstrated the great potential of the proposed PA for 5G/6G millimeter-wave applications. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Power amplifiers

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AN 8-WAY RF FEED NETWORK FOR 5.3 GHZ C-BAND SAR: DESIGN, SIMULATION, AND ANALYSIS USING STANDARD METHODS

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Telecommunications and Radio engineering (English translation of Elektrosvyaz and Radiotekhnika) 2025年第5期84卷 21-43页

作者： Kothapudi, Venkata Kishore Thokala, Niharika Vallabhaneni, Ramyasri Sanaka, Poojitha Kumar, Vijay Pappula, Lakshman Gottapu, Srinivasa Kiran Bhattacharyya, Arka Guntur District Andhra Pradesh Vadlamudi522213 India Department of Communication Engineering School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore632014 India Department of Electrical Electronics and Communication Engineering GITAM School of Technology GITAM University Andhra Pradesh Visakhapatnam530045 India School of Science and Engineering Engineering and Computer Science Department Benedict College 1600 Harden St ColumbiaSC29204 United States

This study proposes the design and analysis of an eight-way power divider for unequal division at 5.3 GHz for C-band frequency. Many transmission line pieces make up the current power divider. These transmission lines were printed on a substrate material (RT/duroid 5880, 1.6 mm thick, permittivity 2.2, and loss tangent 0.0002). The eight-way power divider’s unequal amplitudes are constructed using Taylor’s 1-parameter method to achieve the side projection levels –17 dB down as from the main beam. The proposed power divider consists of using two transmission lines with a 3/4 frequency connected to branched microstriplines, providing excellent isolation and matching between the power divider’s two output ports. This power divider is composed of three stages. A 1:2 power divider is used in the first stage, a 1:4 power divider is used in the second stage, and a 1:8 power divider is used in the third stage. According to the simulation results, 1:2 delivers half of the input power, 1:4 produces one-fourth of the power, and 1:8 delivers one-eighth of the input power. All of these assessments were done with the advanced design system (ADS) simulation program. According to both simulated and measured data, the return loss exceeds –35 dB, and the isolation across the output terminals exceeds –40 dB. The proposed circuit operates effectively at C-band frequencies in terms of return loss and isolation (4 GHz and 8 GHz). © 2025 by Begell House, Inc.

关键词： Integrated circuit design

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An Eight-Element MIMO Antenna System Supporting Dual Bands for 5G Mobile, FSS, and DBS communication

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Progress In Electromagnetics Research B 2024年 107卷 125-137页

作者： Mistri, Raj Kumar Singh, Ajit Kumar Mahto, Santosh Kumar Sinha, Rashmi Alhassoon, Khaled Al-Gburi, Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Ismail, Mohd Muzafar Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Jharkhand Ranchi834010 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology Jharkhand Jamshedpur831014 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering RTC Institute of Technology Jharkhand Ranchi835219 India Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Qassim University Buraydah52571 Saudi Arabia Jalan Hang Tuah Jaya Melaka Durian Tunggal76100 Malaysia

This article presents an 8 × 8 Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna system that operates in two frequency bands: 3.4–3.8 GHz and 10.5–14.0 GHz. The core element of this antenna system is a rectangular patch with a line slot. To assess the diversity performance of this MIMO antenna, various parameters like S-Parameters, Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Mean Effective Gain (MEG), Channel Capacity Loss (CCL), Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC), and Channel Capacity (CC) were used. The study demonstrates a strong alignment between measurement and simulation results. The article thoroughly analyzes the simulated and measured performances of the lower band (LB) (3.4–3.8 GHz) and upper band (UB) (10.5–14.0 GHz). In the LB, the measured values for parameters such as reflection coefficient, mutual coupling coefficient, TARC, total efficiency, ECC, MEGi-MEGj, CCL, and CC all surpass or equal specific benchmarks. Specifically, these values are better than −6 dB, 10 dB, −11 dB, 56%, 0.15, 0.83 dB, 0.275 bps/Hz, and 38 bps/Hz, respectively. For the UB, the values are also quite favorable, exceeding or closely matching key criteria: −6 dB, 10 dB, −5 dB, 40%, 0.2, 1.6 dB, 0.55 bps/Hz, and 33.6 bps/Hz. These findings suggest that the intended MIMO antenna meets the necessary conditions for both the LB and UB regions. As a result, it appears to be a promising choice for applications in 5G mobile networks and satellite communications, including Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) and Fixed Satellite Services (FSS). © (2024), (Electromagnetics Academy). All rights reserved.

关键词： Microwave antennas

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Clustering-based adaptive low-power subframe configuration with load-aware offsetting in dense heterogeneous networks

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Digital communications and Networks 2022年第5期8卷 843-852页

作者： Dinkisa A.Bulti Jyri Hämäläinen Beneyam B.Haile Yihenew Wondie School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Addis Ababa Institute of Technology(AAiT)Ethiopia Department of Communication and Networking Aalto UniversityFinland

Heterogeneous Networks(HetNets)and cell densification represent promising solutions for the surging data traffic demand in wireless *** dense HetNets,user traffic is steered toward the Low-Power Node(LPN)when possible to enhance the user throughput and system capacity by increasing the area spectral ***,because of the transmit power differences in different tiers of HetNets and irregular service demand,a load imbalance typically exists among different serving *** offload more traffic to LPNs and coordinate the Inter-Cell Interference(ICI),Third-Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)has facilitated the development of the Cell Range Expansion(CRE),enhanced Inter-Cell Interference Coordination(eICIC)and Further enhanced ICIC(FeICIC).In this paper,we develop a cell clustering-based load-aware offsetting and an adaptive Low-Power Subframe(LPS)*** solution allows the separation of User Association(UA)functions at the User Equipment(UE)and network server such that users can make a simple cell-selection decision similar to that in the maximum Received Signal Strength(max-RSS)based UA scheme,where the network server computes the load-aware offsetting and required LPS periods based on the load conditions of the *** proposed solution is evaluated using system-level simulations wherein the results correspond to performance changes in different service *** show that our method effectively solves the offloading and interference coordination problems in dense HetNets.

关键词： Heterogeneous networks(HetNets) 5G LTE-AUser association Interference coordination Load balancing Cell range expansion Almost blank subframe Further enhanced ICIC Low-power subframe

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A Single CORDIC Based Architecture for Real-time Tomographic Image Reconstruction for Industrial Applications

A Single CORDIC Based Architecture for Real-time Tomographic...

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2024 IEEE Calcutta Conference, CALCON 2024

作者： Ghosh, Amitava Dhar, Anindya.S. Chakrabarti, Indrajit Institute of Engineering & Management Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Kolkata India IIT Kharagpur Electronics & Electrical Communication Engineering Department Kharagpur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516666

In this paper, a single co-ordinate rotation digital computer (CORDIC) based architecture for real-time tomographic image reconstruction is presented. The method is based on solving the Hankel transform of a function. Four out of the five steps of the algorithm are fast Fourier transform (FFT) reducible and a CORDIC based architecture can be followed. The Hankel transform is also broken into sine and cosine terms via the Chebyshev polynomial representation of the Bessel function. The method has O(N3) complexity. A single CORDIC hardware is very easily realizable which makes the system extremely cheap. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) analysis of reconstructed images shows very little degradation (SNR degradation is less than 15% for reconstructed images). The computation time is also very fast compared to existing literature (0.022 secs on Virtex6 FPGA;0.095 secs on Spartan-3E FPGA and 2.56 secs on software platform), making it an extremely viable option. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Review of dehazing techniques: challenges and future trends

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第3期84卷 1103-1131页

作者： Ayoub, Abeer El-Shafai, Walid El-Samie, Fathi E. Abd Hamad, Ehab K. I. EL-Rabaie, El-Sayed M. Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt Security Engineering Lab Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Aswan University Aswan81542 Egypt

The phenomenon of atmospheric haze arises due to the scattering of light by minute particles suspended in the atmosphere. This optical effect gives rise to visual degradation in images and videos. The degradation is primarily influenced by two key factors: atmospheric attenuation and scattered light. Scattered light causes an image to be veiled in a whitish veil, while attenuation diminishes the image inherent contrast. Efforts to enhance image and video quality necessitate the development of dehazing techniques capable of mitigating the adverse impact of haze. This scholarly endeavor presents a comprehensive survey of recent advancements in the domain of dehazing techniques, encompassing both conventional methodologies and those founded on machine learning principles. Traditional dehazing techniques leverage a haze model to deduce a dehazed rendition of an image or frame. In contrast, learning-based techniques employ sophisticated mechanisms such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and different deep Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to create models that can discern dehazed representations by learning intricate parameters like transmission maps, atmospheric light conditions, or their combined effects. Furthermore, some learning-based approaches facilitate the direct generation of dehazed outputs from hazy inputs by assimilating the non-linear mapping between the two. This review study delves into a comprehensive examination of datasets utilized within learning-based dehazing methodologies, elucidating their characteristics and relevance. Furthermore, a systematic exposition of the merits and demerits inherent in distinct dehazing techniques is presented. The discourse culminates in the synthesis of the primary quandaries and challenges confronted by prevailing dehazing techniques. The assessment of dehazed image and frame quality is facilitated through the application of rigorous evaluation metrics, a discussion of which is incorporated. To provide empiri

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Advanced Breast Cancer Detection Using Spatial Attention and Neural Architecture Search (SANAS-Net)

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SN computer Science 2025年第1期6卷 1-12页

作者： Souza, Melwin D. Ananth Prabhu, G. Kumara, Varuna Department of Computer Science & Engineering Sahyadri College of Engineering & Management Mangalore India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Moodlakatte Institute of Technology Kundapura India

This paper introduces a novel spatial attention neural architecture search network (SANAS-Net), which incorporates a spatial attention mechanism to enhance the model’s ability to focus on critical regions within mammograms. By utilizing multi-head attention within transformer blocks, the model captures diverse spatial relationships and interactions between features. Positional embeddings are incorporated into the transformer blocks, further enriching the model’s capacity to understand global spatial context. Extensive experiments were conducted to validate the proposed methodology. SANAS-Net was shown to successfully identify attentive networks that demonstrate high performance in distinguishing malignant from benign breast cancer cases. The model achieved a test accuracy of 89.95%, significantly surpassing the performance of previously proposed algorithms for breast cancer detection using mammography images. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Breast cancer detection Deep learning Mammography Neural architecture search Spatial attention

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A hierarchical blockchain-enabled distributed federated learning system with model contribution based rewarding

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Digital communications and Networks 2025年第1期11卷 35-42页

作者： Haibo Wang Hongwei Gao Teng Ma Chong Li Tao Jing The Research Institute of Broadband Wireless Mobile Communication Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China The Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew York10027United States

Distributed Federated Learning(DFL)technology enables participants to cooperatively train a shared model while preserving the privacy of their local datasets,making it a desirable solution for decentralized and privacy-preserving Web3 ***,DFL faces incentive and security challenges in the decentralized *** address these issues,this paper presents a Hierarchical Blockchain-enabled DFL(HBDFL)system,which provides a generic solution framework for the DFL-related *** proposed system consists of four major components,including a model contribution-based reward mechanism,a Proof of Elapsed Time and Accuracy(PoETA)consensus algorithm,a Distributed Reputation-based Verification Mechanism(DRTM)and an Accuracy-Dependent Throughput Management(ADTM)*** model contribution-based rewarding mechanism incentivizes network nodes to train models with their local datasets,while the PoETA consensus algorithm optimizes the tradeoff between the shared model accuracy and system *** DRTM improves the system efficiency in consensus,and the ADTM mechanism guarantees that the throughput performance remains within a predefined range while improving the shared model *** performance of the proposed HBDFL system is evaluated by numerical simulations,with the results showing that the system improves the accuracy of the shared model while maintaining high throughput and ensuring security.

关键词： Blockchain Federated learning Consensus scheme Accuracy dependent throughput management

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Introduction to the Special Issue on the Digital Threats of Hardware Security

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DIGITAL THREATS: RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2023年第2期4卷 1-2页

作者： [Anonymous] Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Air Force Institute of Technology

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Ultrasound-based AI for COVID-19 detection: a comprehensive review of public and private lung ultrasound datasets and studies

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-55页

作者： Morshed, Abrar Al Shihab, Abdulla Jahin, Md Abrar Al Nahian, Md Jaber Hossain Sarker, Md Murad Ibne Wadud, Md Sharjis Uddin, Mohammad Istiaq Imtiaz Siraji, Muntequa Anjum, Nafisa Shristy, Sumiya Rajjab Rahman, Tanvin Khatun, Mahmuda Rubel Dewan, Md Hossain, Mosaddeq Sultana, Razia Chakma, Ripel Emon, Sonet Barua Islam, Towhidul Hussain, Mohammad Arafat Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology Dhaka1208 Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Telecommunication Engineering Daffodil International University Dhaka1216 Bangladesh Khulna9203 Bangladesh Okinawa904-0412 Japan Department of Information and Communication Technology Bangladesh University of Professionals Dhaka1216 Bangladesh Department of Information and Communication Technology Comilla University Cumilla3506 Bangladesh Department of Biomedical Physics and Technology University of Dhaka Dhaka1000 Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering International Islamic University Chittagong Chittagong4318 Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Islamic University of Technology Gazipur1704 Bangladesh Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Chittagong4349 Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Notre Dame University Bangladesh Dhaka1000 Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Khulna University of Engineering & Technology Khulna9203 Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Institute of Science and Technology Dhaka1209 Bangladesh Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Institute of Science and Technology Dhaka1209 Bangladesh Department of Mathematics Jahangirnagar University Dhaka1342 Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Daffodil International University Dhaka1216 Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology Gazipur1707 Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Telecommunication Engineering Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali3814 Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Northern University Bangladesh Dhaka1230 Bangladesh Boston Children’s Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMA02

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions of people globally, with respiratory organs being strongly affected in individuals with comorbidities. Medical imaging-based diagnosis and prognosis have become increasingly popular in clinical settings for detecting COVID-19 lung infections. Among various medical imaging modalities, ultrasound stands out as a low-cost, mobile, and radiation-safe imaging technology. In this comprehensive review, we focus on AI-driven studies utilizing lung ultrasound (LUS) for COVID-19 detection and analysis. We provide a detailed overview of both publicly available and private LUS datasets and categorize the AI studies according to the dataset they used. Additionally, we systematically analyzed and tabulated the studies across various dimensions, including data preprocessing methods, AI models, cross-validation techniques, and evaluation metrics. In total, we reviewed 60 articles, 41 of which utilized public datasets, while the remaining employed private data. Our findings suggest that ultrasound-based AI studies for COVID-19 detection have great potential for clinical use, especially for children and pregnant women. Our review also provides a useful summary for future researchers and clinicians who may be interested in the field. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： COVID-19

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