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Advanced Electromagnetics 2025年第1期14卷 52-58页

作者： Hasan, Yousif Mohsin Rahman, Zain-Aldeen S. A. Al-Yasir, Yasir I. A. Department of Electronic and Communication Engineering College of Engineering University of Al-Qadisiyah Iraq Department of Electrical Techniques Technical Institute/Qurna Southern Technical University Basra61016 Iraq Communication and Space Systems Engineering Research Team Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester United Kingdom Communications Engineering Department Iraq University College Basra Iraq

This work presents a compact, low-cost hexa-band microstrip antenna for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The proposed hexa-band antenna is composed of simple six-λ/4 resonators to generate six resonant frequencies: GSM 1.84 GHz (1.8-1.89 GHz), Bluetooth 2.31 GHz (2.25 –2.375 GHz), WiMAX 3.3 GHz (3.16-3.47 GHz), WiFi 4.63 GHz (4.34-5 GHz), upper WLAN 6.1 GHz (5.8-6.91 GHz) and X-band 9.26 GHz (8.87-9.83 GHz). The proposed hexa-band antenna is fabricated using FR4 substrate with (23 × 20 × 1.6) mm3 dimensions, and its measured results are presented to validate the simulated results. The results of simulations and measurements are used to examine the radiation properties, including radiation patterns, gain, efficiency, VSWR, and reflection coefficient. The proposed hexa-band antenna has a miniaturized size and good radiation performance. © 2025, Advanced Electromagnetics. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wireless local area networks (WLAN)

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Hardware-friendly rate estimation algorithm and architecture design for AVS3

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-19页

作者： Yan, Yunyao Xiang, Guoqing Chen, Jie Huang, Xiaofeng Zhang, Peng Jia, Huizhu Xie, Xiaodong School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University Shenzhen China School of Computer Science Peking University Beijing China Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Hangzhou China School of Communication Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China

To enhance the capabilities of advanced video coding for emerging applications, the AVS3 standard has been introduced to double the coding efficiency compared to its predecessor, the AVS2 standard. It incorporates sophisticated coding tools, such as advanced rate-distortion optimization (RDO), to select the optimal coding mode. The AVS3 standard further refines bit rate compression through Advanced Entropy Coding (AEC) within the RDO process. However, AEC demands significant computational resources due to its high data dependency and involves complex steps like binarization, context modeling, interval subdivision, renormalization, handling of outstanding bits, and context updating. Notably, the time complexity of AEC is predominantly due to context updating and interval subdivision, which are recursive and thus pose challenges for real-time applications, particularly in hardware implementations. Addressing these challenges, this paper introduces an adaptive rate estimation algorithm using a hardware-friendly piece-wise linear function to expedite bit rate calculations for AVS3 applications. Initially, we develop a linear rate estimation method based on the statistics of bin numbers. To preserve high coding performance, we further propose an adaptive model parameter updating method that adjusts weights dynamically based on varying video content. Building on this fast rate estimation algorithm, we propose a high-throughput hardware architecture that incorporates pipelining and parallelization to meet the stringent real-time requirements for 4K@120fps ultra-high-definition video at 200 MHz, with only a minimal increase in BD-rate by 1.06% under the All-Intra (AI) configuration. To our knowledge, this is the pioneering study focusing on hardware-oriented rate estimation for the AVS3 standard, marking a significant advancement in the field of video coding technology. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

关键词： Video signal processing

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Mobility Stick with Haptic Feedback for People with Vision Impairments

Mobility Stick with Haptic Feedback for People with Vision I...

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2024 International Conference on Signal Processing, Computation, electronics, Power and Telecommunication, IConSCEPT 2024

作者： Raghul, J. Durga Devi, K. Sreya, M. Maithreye, S. SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Chennai Ramapuram India SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Chennai Ramapuram India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540685

In this research, haptic motor, Node MCU, ultrasonic sensors are used to address the problem associated with the current walking stick for visually disabled people. These problems include disturbing their main sense of survival which is hearing. Hence, a system containing ultrasonic sensors, haptic motor and Internet of Things has been recommended in this study. This study illustrates that the implementation of haptic motors and ultrasonic sensors can successfully address the major issues that current alternatives face and it has a positive ad significant impact on visually disabled people. Using this method, one can monitor the person's movement and whether they fell down. This system makes use of IoT it integrate the data from sensors and update it onto the website for other person monitoring. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Ultrasonic sensors

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4D-printed intelligent reflecting surface with improved beam resolution via both phase modulation and space modulation

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第5期10卷 407-415页

作者： Kyounghwan Kim Ratanak Phon Eiyong Park Sungjoon Lim Department of Intelligent Semiconductor Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stevens Institute of TechnologyHoboken NJ 07030USA School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea

Recently,intelligent reflecting surfaces(IRSs)have emerged as potential candidates for overcoming the line-of-sight issue in 5 G/6 G wireless *** IRSs can manipulate the direction of reflected beams,enabling efficient beam steering to enhance the performance of wireless *** unit cell(or unit structure)of an IRS commonly consists of electrical elements for phase ***,by employing phase modulation alone,an IRS can steer the reflected electromagnetic waves toward only discrete and specific angles,leaving a wide range of out-of-beam *** this work,an IRS that uses both phase modulation and space modulation is presented to improve the beam resolution and continuously cover out-of-beam areas that phase modulation alone cannot address.A positive-intrinsic-negative diode is mounted on a unit cell for phase modulation,and a 4D-printed reconfigured structure is fabricated to demonstrate space *** beam-steering function is achieved by alternating the states of the diodes in the same columns,while the beam resolution is improved by controlling the gaps between the *** functions are frst theoretically and numerically analyzed and then experimentally verified,demonstrating that additional angles of-46°/+50°,-22°/+14°,and -16°/+12°are achieved with space modulation and -60°/+62°,-30°/+22°,and±16°are achieved by phase modulation *** proposed IRS offers the possibility of functional integration in a variety of indoor applications within the wireless communication field.

关键词： alone beam columns

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EduASAC:A Blockchain-Based Education Archive Sharing and Access Control System

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第12期77卷 3387-3422页

作者： Ronglei Hu Chuce He Yaping Chi Xiaoyi Duan Xiaohong Fan Ping Xu Wenbin Gao Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Beijing Electronic Science and Technology InstituteBeijing100070China Department of Cyberspace Security Beijing Electronic Science and Technology InstituteBeijing100070China

In the education archive sharing system,when performing homomorphic ciphertext retrieval on the storage server,there are problems such as low security of shared data,confusing parameter management,and weak access *** paper proposes an Education Archives Sharing and Access Control(EduASAC)system to solve these *** system research goal is to realize the sharing of security parameters,the execution of access control,and the recording of system behaviors based on the blockchain network,ensuring the legitimacy of shared membership and the security of education *** the same time,the system can be combined with most homomorphic ciphertext retrieval schemes running on the storage server,making the homomorphic ciphertext retrieval mechanism *** paper focuses on the blockchain access control framework and specifically designs smart contracts that conform to the business logic of the EduASAC *** former adopts a dual-mode access control mechanism combining Discretionary Access Control(DAC)and Mandatory Access Control(MAC)and improves the tagging mode after user permission verification based on the Authentication and Authorization for Constrained Environments(ACE)authorization framework of Open Authorization(OAuth)2.0;the latter is used in the system to vote on nodes to join requests,define access control policies,execute permission verification processes,store,and share system parameters,and standardize the behavior of member ***,the EduASAC system realizes the encryption,storage,retrieval,sharing,and access control processes of education *** verify the performance of the system,simulation experiments were *** results show that the EduASAC system can meet the high security needs of education archive sharing and ensure the system’s high throughput,low latency,fast decision-making,and fine-grained access control ability.

关键词： Blockchain data security access control smart contract

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Generating Time-Series Data Using Generative Adversarial Networks for Mobility Demand Prediction

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5507-5525页

作者： Subhajit Chatterjee Yung-Cheol Byun Department of Computer Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju-si63243Korea Department of Computer Engineering Major of Electronic EngineeringJeju National UniversityInstitute of Information Science&TechnologyJeju63243Korea

The increasing penetration rate of electric kickboard vehicles has been popularized and promoted primarily because of its clean and efficient *** kickboards are gradually growing in popularity in tourist and education-centric *** the upcoming arrival of electric kickboard vehicles,deploying a customer rental service is *** to its freefloating nature,the shared electric kickboard is a common and practical means of *** plans for shared electric kickboards are required to increase the quality of service,and forecasting demand for their use in a specific region is *** demand accurately with small data is *** data is necessary for training machine learning algorithms for effective *** generation is a method for expanding the amount of data that will be further accessible for *** this work,we proposed a model that takes time-series customers’electric kickboard demand data as input,pre-processes it,and generates synthetic data according to the original data distribution using generative adversarial networks(GAN).The electric kickboard mobility demand prediction error was reduced when we combined synthetic data with the original *** proposed Tabular-GAN-Modified-WGAN-GP for generating synthetic data for better prediction *** modified The Wasserstein GAN-gradient penalty(GP)with the RMSprop optimizer and then employed Spectral Normalization(SN)to improve training stability and faster ***,we applied a regression-based blending ensemble technique that can help us to improve performance of demand *** used various evaluation criteria and visual representations to compare our proposed model’s *** data generated by our suggested GAN model is also *** TGAN-Modified-WGAN-GP model mitigates the overfitting and mode collapse problem,and it also converges faster than previous GAN models for synthetic data creation.

关键词： Machine learning generative adversarial networks electric vehicle time-series TGAN WGAN-GP blend model demand prediction regression

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A review on spreading and Forensics Analysis of Windows-Based ransomware

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Annals of Data Science 2024年第5期11卷 1503-1524页

作者： Chayal, Narendrakumar Mangilal Saxena, Ankur Khan, Rijwan Department of Computer Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Engineering Sankalchand Patel University Visnagar India Department of Computer Science Indus Institute of Information and Communication Technology Dean-ICT & ampDirector-IIICT Indus University Gujarat Ahmedabad India Department of Computer Science and Engineering ABES Institute of Technology Ghaziabad Affiliated to AKTU Lucknow India

Ransomware is one of the most advanced malware which uses high computer resources and services to encrypt system data once it infects a system and causes large financial data losses to the organization and individuals. There are certain automatic ransomware detection and analysis strategies available nowadays. File system analysis reveals some essential patterns and artifacts that can be very useful to understand its behavior spreading mechanism, taxonomy for malware forensics experts. Current trend explores Ransomware as a service (RaaS) and Malware as a service (MaaS) on Darknet. This paper reveals a theory of digital forensic methodology to identify the spreading/infection mechanism and attack path, the cryptographic methodology, windows services, process, APIs, persistence mechanism, and system lockdown strategies and malware analysis methodology. This review could be helpful to learn and understand malware forensic analysis for threat researchers, students, cyber experts, etc. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022.

关键词： Malware

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A Modified 2:1 Multiplexer-Based Low Power Ternary ALU for IoT Applications

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Journal of engineering Science and Technology Review 2024年第5期17卷 104-109页

作者： Allwin Devaraj, S. Magdalin Mary, D. Kannan, P. Esakki Rajavel, S. Thangaraj, Cynthia Anbuselvi Gurumoorthy, K.B. William, Blanie Scrimshaw Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Francis Xavier Engineering College Tamilnadu Tirunelveli627003 India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Krishna College of Technology Tamilnadu Coimbatore641042 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Karpagam Academy of Higher Education Tamilnadu Coimbatore641021 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering SEA College of Engineering and Technology Karnataka Bengaluru560049 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology Tamilnadu Coimbatore641407 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rohini College of Engineering and Technology Tamilnadu Kanyakumari629401 India

The ternary logic has a benefit over the binary logic which provides a secured solution to achieve a trade-off between the area and power of the design. However, from the structure of the ternary Aritmetic Logic Unit (ALU), it is clear that its architecture increases the area, propagation delay, and power consumption. To overcome this drawback, a loopback algorithm is proposed to achieve low power and high throughput Internet of Things (IoT) processors. The loopback algorithm reduces the number of processing stages in multipliers and adders which can significantly reduce area and power dissipation. The proposed 2:1 multiplexer-based approach reduces the need for a decoder and results in low power consumption. The proposed design will be implemented in Xilinx ISE 13.0 and simulation will be done in Modelsim. The modified Ternary ALU (TALU) performs finer than the previous TALU method. The number of registers used in this architecture is reduced by up to 25% than the existing system therefore there is a reduction in power dissipation. © (2024), (International Hellenic University - School of Science). All rights reserved.

关键词： Logic design

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Joint SIC and SCMA for NOMA-Based Uplink Transmission in 5G Systems 27

Joint SIC and SCMA for NOMA-Based Uplink Transmission in 5G ...

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27th International Conference on Advanced communications Technology, ICACT 2025

作者： Su, Szu-Lin Huang, Nan-Hsiung Chen, Chao-Lin Lai, Kuei-Chiang Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9791188428137

With higher access capacity, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a promising wireless access technology to meet the demands of massive machine-type communications (mMTC) and internet of things (IoT) applications. Focused on NOMAbased uplink multiple access transmission, this paper proposes data detection schemes that integrate sparse code multiple access (SCMA) and successive interference cancellation (SIC) techniques, termed the SCMA-SIC process. Simulation comparisons of various NOMA receiver designs, including hybrid-domain NOMA and iterative detection and decoding (IDD) for coded SCMA, show that the SCMA-SIC process achieves the best system performance. In addition, with power control strategies for uplink access, the SCMA-SIC process still performs the best. Copyright 2025 Global IT Research institute (GIRI). All rights reserved.

关键词： Iterative decoding

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Design, Implementation and Analysis of HIBRI Cipher on IoT Platforms

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series B 2024年第6期105卷 1-13页

作者： Nagesh, H.R. Poojari, Asmita Kumar, V. G. Kiran Canara Engineering College Benjanapadavu Bantwal Taluk Karnataka Mangaluru574219 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering NMAM Institute of Technology Karnataka Nitte 574110 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering A J Institute Engineering and Technology Karnataka Mangaluru575006 India

With the exponential growth of the Internet of Things through time there has been an enormous increase in the usage of tiny devices and information being exchanged, between low resource devices like sensors, PDA’s and the high-end devices like servers or clouds. This opens up several challenges in securing the information being exchanged. Consequently, there is a greater demand for designing encryption algorithms, particularly for devices with limited resources. This paper introduces the HIBRI cipher, a combination of the HIGHT and the BRIGHT cipher implemented in software as well as hardware. The proposed cipher is evaluated for randomness test, strict avalanche criteria, key sensitivity tests to assess the cipher’s security while memory utilization, energy consumption, execution time and throughput are analyzed by implementing in Arduino Nano based on the Atmega328 microcontroller. The NIST tests for key generation yielded P ≥ 0.01 which proves that the proposed key generation scheme generated truly random numbers while the hardware implementation shows that the comparison results for code size, RAM and execution size yielded better results than the implementations that are cutting-edge. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s);author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

关键词： Random access storage

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