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2008 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Uluagac, A. Williams, Douglas Georgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States Department of Undergraduate Affairs Center for Signal and Image Processing Arbutus Center for Distributed Engineering Education

Students often face difficulties in grasping and understanding fundamental digital signal processing (DSP) concepts in the classroom environment. Most DSP courses do not have labs associated with them, and the ones that do typically depend on the usage of text-based programming languages (e.g., MATLAB) that do not allow real-time external hardware interaction. Although the availability of external DSP platforms (e.g. National Instruments Speedy-33, Texas Instruments DSP Student Kits, etc.) for educational purposes has increased because of recent advances in embedded processors and sensor technology, they are rarely used in early DSP courses because of the programming sophistication needed for real-time processing. In this paper we discuss the development of low-cost experimental DSP learning modules for classes that do not usually have a lab component. These modules use National Instruments' Lab VIEW for their programming and development platform with the Speedy-33 DSP board and LEGO Mindstorms NXT Brick as the hardware platforms. Many of the modules can also be run completely on the host computer's sound card. Modules have been developed for examining different aspects of topics such as sampling, aliasing, and filtering, while working with data that has been captured and processed in real-time. Students are able to interact with the hardware and data through GUIs, thus obviating the need to first develop real-time programming skills. This paper will describe these modules and how they are designed to be used both in lectures and as part of homework assignments. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2008.

关键词： Digital signal processing

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An improved landweber method for restoration of a aero-optically degraded images

An improved landweber method for restoration of a aero-optic...

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International Conference on computer Science and Software Engineering, CSSE 2008

作者： Wenxia, Yang Chao, Cai Mingyue, Ding Chengping, Zhou Key Laboratory for Image Processing and Intelligence Control of the Ministry of Education Institute of IPRAI Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Department of Mathematics Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769533360

Aero-optic effects cause distortions, including blurring, vibration, deformation and spatial shifting, of the objects in the image obtained by the infra-red sensor. Contributions of this paper are in the following two aspects. First, the correctness of the theoretical point spread function (PSF) representing the aero-optic effects, which had been derived in our previous research, is validated experimentally. Second, in order to restore the aero-optically degraded images, an improved Landweber iteration method is proposed, where, instead of being fixed, the relaxation factor is updated adaptively at each iteration. Experiments have been carried out and results demonstrate that the proposed method introduces improved restoration results with better convergence. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： image reconstruction

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Extraction of complex wavelet features for iris recognition

Extraction of complex wavelet features for iris recognition

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作者： He, Xiaofu Shi, Pengfei Department of Computer Science and Technology East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424421756

This paper presents a new feature extraction method for iris recognition. Since two dimensional complex wavelet transform (2D-CWT) does not only keep wavelet transform's properties of multiresolution decomposition analysis and perfect reconstruction, but also adds its new merits: approximate shift invariance, good directional selectivity for 2-D image, and limited redundancy, which are useful for iris feature extraction. So, a set of high frequency 2D-CWT coefficients are selected as features for iris recognition. The phase information of the coefficients is used for feature encoding and Hamming distance is adopted for classification. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can get good recognition rate. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Hamming distance

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A generic scheme for progressive point cloud coding

A generic scheme for progressive point cloud coding

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作者： Huang, Yan Peng, Jingliang Kuo, C.-C.Jay Gopi, M. IEEE Department of Computer Science University of California Irvine Irvine CA 92697 Department of Computer Science Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering Signal and Image Processing Institute University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089-2564

In this paper, we propose a generic point cloud encoder that provides a unified framework for compressing different attributes of point samples corresponding to 3D objects with an arbitrary topology. In the proposed scheme, the coding process is led by an iterative octree cell subdivision of the object space. At each level of subdivision, the positions of point samples are approximated by the geometry centers of all tree-front cells, whereas normals and colors are approximated by their statistical average within each of the tree-front cells. With this framework, we employ attribute-dependent encoding techniques to exploit the different characteristics of various attributes. All of these have led to a significant improvement in the rate-distortion (R-D) performance and a computational advantage over the state of the art. Furthermore, given sufficient levels of octree expansion, normal space partitioning, and resolution of color quantization, the proposed point cloud encoder can be potentially used for lossless coding of 3D point clouds. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： image coding

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Multilevel framework to detect and handle vehicle occlusion

Multilevel framework to detect and handle vehicle occlusion

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作者： Zhang, Wei Wu, Q. M. Jonathan Yang, Xiaokang Fang, Xiangzhong IEEE Institute of Image Communication and Information Processing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Windsor Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada

This paper presents a multilevel framework to detect and handle vehicle occlusion. The proposed framework consists of the intraframe, interframe, and tracking levels. On the intraframe level, occlusion is detected by evaluating the compactness ratio and interior distance ratio of vehicles, and the detected occlusion is handled by removing a "cutting region" of the occluded vehicles. On the interframe level, occlusion is detected by performing subtractive clustering on the motion vectors of vehicles, and the occluded vehicles are separated according to the binary classification of motion vectors. On the tracking level, occlusion layer images are adaptively constructed and maintained, and the detected vehicles are tracked in both the captured images and the occlusion layer images by performing a bidirectional occlusion reasoning algorithm. The proposed intraframe, interframe, and tracking levels are sequentially implemented in our framework. Experiments on various typical scenes exhibit the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Quantitative evaluation and comparison demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicles

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Impact of anthropogenic disturbance on a mangrove forest assessed by a id cellular automaton model using lotka-volterra-type competition

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International Journal of Design and Nature and Ecodynamics 2008年第4期3卷 296-320页

作者： Obade, P.T. Koedam, N. Soetaert, K. Neukermans, G. Bogaert, J. Nyssen, E. Van Nedervelde, F. Berger, U. Dahdouh-Guebas, F. Belgium Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute Kenya Netherlands Belgium Department of Electronics and Informatics Image Processing and Machine Vision Group VUB Belgium Département de Biologie des Organismes Faculté des Sciences Complexité et Dynamique des Systèmes Tropicaux Belgium Department of Forest Biometry and Systems Analysis Institute of Forest Growth and Forest Computer Sciences Technische Universität Dresden Germany

Mangrove forests are ecologically and economically important and frequently dominating protected coastal areas in the tropics and subtropics at suitable intertidal zones and are often subjected to disturbances that disrupt the structure of an ecosystem, that change resource availability and that create patterns in vegetation by producing a mosaic of serai stages that ecologists have long recognised as important to landscape-level patch mosaics. Several good reasons justify the need for pursuing a predictive understanding of the ecology of mangrove species competition including the role of disturbance events and the aftermath. A predictive understanding can challenge our assumptions concerning the factors that control plant distribution and abundance and provide techniques for predicting rates of species change ranges in response to disturbances. The aim of this study was to evaluate and predict the impact of canopy disturbances on Gazi Bay mangrove forests and the subsequent vegetation patterns both spatially and temporally. The use of a simple 1D cellular automaton provided a detailed and nearly comprehensive parameterisation of the model by forest structure parameters belonging to the standard measurements of mangrove field surveys. In the study presented, the field data were obtained for disturbance impacts at various spatial scales considering not only the spatial extent of the disturbance but also its particular location. For this, multiple sampling transects were selected a priori, based on the vegetation patterns observed on Quickbird satellite image (2002) of Gazi, to reflect major ecological zones and vegetation transitions in space. Earlier field studies already revealed different population trajectories in some cases for the same pairwise species interactions, which are consistent with the hypothesis that different scales of disturbances may affect succession trends. Simulation experiments supported these findings by demonstrating that varying disturbance

关键词： Forecasting

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A generic geometrical-based MIMO mobile-to-mobile channel model

A generic geometrical-based MIMO mobile-to-mobile channel mo...

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International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, IWCMC 2008

作者： Cheng, Xiang Wang, Cheng-Xiang Laurenson, David I. Ghent, Hsiao-Hwa Vasilakos, Athanasios V. Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing Heriot-Watt University EH14 4AS Edinburgh United Kingdom Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing University of Edinburgh EH9 3JL Edinburgh United Kingdom Department of Engineering Science National Cheng Kung University Taiwan No.l University Road Tainan City 701 Taiwan Department of Computer and Telecommunications Engineering University of Western Macedonia GR 50100 Kozani Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781424422029

In this paper, a generic and adaptive geometrical-based stochastic reference model is proposed for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) mobile-to-mobile (M2M) Ricean fading channels. The proposed model employs a combined two-ring model and elliptical-ring model, where the received signal is constructed as a sum of the line-of-sight (LoS), single-, and double-bounced rays with different energies. This makes the model sufficiently generic and therefore includes many existing channel models as special cases. Importantly, the model can easily be adapted to a variety of M2M propagation environments, e.g., outdoor macro-, micro, and pico-cells taking into account different vehicle traffic densities, by adjusting model parameters. From the proposed model, the space-time (ST) correlation function (CF) and the corresponding space-Doppler (SD) power spectral density (PSD) of any two sub-channels are derived for a two-dimensional (2D) non-isotropic scattering environment. Finally, some numerical results are presented and compared with measured results. The close agreement between the theoretical and empirical curves verifies the utility of the proposed model. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Space-time-frequency characterization of non-isotropic MIMO mobile-to-mobile multicarrier ricean fading channels

Space-time-frequency characterization of non-isotropic MIMO ...

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International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, IWCMC 2008

作者： Cheng, Xiang Wang, Cheng-Xiang Laurenson, David I. Chen, Hsiao-Hwa Vasilakos, Athanasios V. Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing Heriot-Watt University EH14 4AS Edinburgh United Kingdom Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing University of Edinburgh EH9 3JL Edinburgh United Kingdom Department of Engineering Science National Cheng Kung University Taiwan No.l University Road Tainan City 701 Taiwan Department of Computer and Telecommunications Engineering University of Western Macedonia GR 50100 Kozani Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781424422029

This paper proposes a new space-time-frequency (STF) correlation model based on the two-ring model with both single- and double-bounced rays for miltiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) mobile-to-mobile (M2M) multicarrier Ricean fading channels in a non-isotroplc scattering environment. The proposed model allows us to study the correlation functions (CFs) between any two sub-channels with different carrier frequencies of MIMO M2M Ricean fading channels. The derived STF CF and the corresponding space-Doppler-frequency (SDF) power spectral density (PSD) have generic closed-form expressions including many existing CFs and PSDs as special cases. Based on the derived SDF PSD, the resulting Doppler PSD is investigated in more detail in terms of some Important parameters. Our numerical evaluations show the impacts of different parameters of the propagation environment on the Doppler PSD. More importantly, we find that the shapes of the Doppler PSD are completely different according to single- or double-bounced rays for M2M channels, while they are exactly the same for fixedto-mobile (F2M) channels. Finally, it is worth mentioning that some interesting observations obtained from these numerical results can be considered as the guidance for further proposing more realistic M2M channel models and building up future measurement campaigns. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Fading channels

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Hardware design of quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check encoder based on a novel RC-scheme

Hardware design of quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check enc...

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2008 4th IEEE International Conference on Circuits and Systems for Communications, ICCSC

作者： Chen, Liang Yan, Shijun Zhang, Wenjun Wu, Ziyu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20740 United States Institute of Image Communication and Information Processing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China NVIDIA Corporation Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park Shanghai 201203 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424417087

In this paper, quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (QC-LDPC) codes are applied to a novel rate-compatible (RC) scheme for multimedia transmission. To ensure that the RC codes over the entire range of rates can be decoded by a single decoder, modified array codes in a lower triangular form are employed as the mother codes. The constructed rate-compatible QC-LDPC codes based on our novel RC-scheme can also be encoded by a single encoder. Hardware design of QC-LDPC encoder for this RC-scheme is proposed in detail. The hardware complexity is determined by the lowest-rate code for serial encoding and by the mother code for parallel encoding. Part of hardware units is disabled in certain cases to reduce power consumption. ©2008 IEEE.

关键词： Signal encoding

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Class specific gene expression estimation and classification in microarray data

Class specific gene expression estimation and classification...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Atiq Islam Khan M. Iftekharuddin E. Olusegun. George Intelligence System and Image Processing Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Memphis Memphis TN USA Department of Mathematics University of Memphis Memphis TN USA

In this work, we characterize genes using an oligonucleotide affymetrix gene expression dataset and propose a novel gene selection method based on samples from the posterior distributions of class-specific gene expression measures. We construct a hierarchical Bayesian framework for a random effect ANOVA model that allows us to obtain the posterior distributions of the class-specific gene expressions. We also formalize a novel class prediction scheme based on the samples from new posterior distributions of group specific gene expressions. Our experimental results show the class-discriminating power of the selected genes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our prediction scheme classifies tissue samples into appropriate treatment groups with high accuracy. The computations are implemented by using Gibbs sampling. We compare the efficacy of our proposed gene selection and prediction methods with that of Pomeroy et. al (Nature, 2002) on the same CNS tumor sample dataset.

关键词： Gene expression Arrays Bayesian methods Prediction algorithms Tumors Computational modeling Biological system modeling

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