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Drosophila Larvae-Inspired Soft Crawling Robot with Multimodal Locomotion and Versatile Applications

Research 2025年第1期7卷 35-46页

作者： Qin Fang Jingyu Zhang Yinhui He Nenggan Zheng Yue Wang Rong Xiong Zhefeng Gong Haojian Lu State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control and Technology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Medical School of Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Stomatology Hospital School of StomatologyZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesKey Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang ProvinceCancer Center of Zhejiang UniversityEngineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou 310000China

Soft crawling robots have been widely studied and applied because of their excellent environmental adaptability and flexible ***,most existing soft crawling robots typically exhibit a single-motion mode and lack diverse *** by Drosophila larvae,this paper proposes a compact soft crawling robot(weight,13 g;length,165 mm;diameter,35 mm)with multimodal locomotion(forward,turning,rolling,and twisting).Each robot module uses 4 sets of high-power-density shape memory alloy actuators,endowing it with 4 degrees of motion *** analyze the mechanical characteristics of the robot modules through experiments and simulation *** plug-and-play modules can be quickly assembled to meet different motion and task *** soft crawling robot can be remotely operated with an external controller,showcasing multimodal motion on various material *** a narrow maze,the robot demonstrates agile movement and effective maneuvering around *** addition,leveraging the inherent bistable characteristics of the robot modules,we used the robot modules as anchoring units and installed a microcamera on the robot's head for pipeline *** robot completed the inspection in horizontal,vertical,curved,and branched pipelines,adjusted the camera view,and twisted a valve in the pipeline for the first *** research highlights the robot's superior locomotion and application capabilities,providing an innovative strategy for the development of lightweight,compact,and multifunctional soft crawling robots.

关键词： multimodal locomotion versatile applications Drosophila larvae soft crawling robot weight soft crawling robots shape memory alloy actuators

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Cardiac Clarity: Harnessing Machine Learning for Accurate Heart-Disease Prediction

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 97529-97544页

作者： Sujith Santhosh Krishnaraj Chadaga R.Vijaya Arjunan Sandra D'Souza Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Karnataka India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Karnataka India

The major contributor to global mortality is cardiovascular disease, posing a formidable challenge to the global healthcare system. Heart disease often develops and progresses without noticeable symptoms, emphasizing the need for earlier detection to prevent severe outcomes. AI models provide tools for accurate diagnosis, data analysis, and predictive diagnosis of people who may be suffering from heart disease. But increasingly, solutions like Explainable AI (XAI) are gaining traction. XAI demystifies the decisions of AI models, making them transparent and understandable to the point where they boost confidence in the context of AI diagnostics by healthcare professionals; the AI then provides support to professionals to decide the best course of action for each patient based on the analysis. XAI techniques such as SHAP, LIME, QLattice and Anchor are popular, and have been used in this study. We analysed a heart disease dataset collected from a multispecialty hospital in India, which is publicly available on Mendeley. We used ML models, including RF, Logistic Regression, KNN, XGBoost, DT and SVM. These models were optimized and stack-ensembled to form the ‘CARDIACX’ model to predict the risk of heart disease. The models were fine-tuned using Grid Search, Random Search, and Bayesian Optimization methods, achieving promising results with Random Forest achieving an AUC =0.99 and accuracy of 98.5%, outperforming all the other models and demonstrating robust performance on various metrics such as AUC, PR Curve, Log Loss, Jaccard Score, and MCC. This study provides a reliable and transparent framework for early detection of heart disease, providing useful information and enabling patients to receive timely and personalized care.

关键词： Heart Diseases Accuracy Machine learning Predictive models Medical services Explainable AI Tuning Support vector machines Random forests

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Data Poisoning: Issues, Challenges, and Needs 7

Data Poisoning: Issues, Challenges, and Needs

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7th IET Smart Cities Symposium, SCS 2023

作者： Aljanabi, Mohammad Omran, Alaa Hamza Mijwil, Maad M. Abotaleb, Mostafa El-Kenawy, El-Sayed M. Mohammed, Sahar Yousif Ibrahim, Abdelhameed Department of computer College of Education Aliarqai university Baghdad Iraq University of information technology and communications Baghdad Iraq Computer Techniques Engineering Department Baghdad College of Economic Sciences University Baghdad Iraq Department of System Programming South Ural State University Chelyabinsk Russia Department of Communications and Electronics Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology Egypt Computer Science Department Computer Science &Information Technology College Anbar University Anbar Iraq Computer Engineering and Control Systems Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9781839539831

Data poisoning attacks, where adversaries manipulate training data to degrade model performance, are an emerging threat as machine learning becomes widely deployed in sensitive applications. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of data poisoning including attack techniques, adversary incentives, impacts on security and reliability, detection methods, defenses, and key research gaps. We examine label flipping, instance injection, backdoors, and other attack categories that enable malicious outcomes ranging from IP theft to accidents in autonomous systems. Promising detection approaches include statistical tests, robust learning, and forensics. However, significant challenges remain in translating academic defenses like adversarial training and sanitization into practical tools ready for operational use. With safety and trustworthiness at stake, more research on benchmarking evaluations, adaptive attacks, fundamental tradeoffs, and real-world deployment of defenses is urgently needed. Understanding vulnerabilities and developing resilient machine learning pipelines will only grow in importance as data integrity is fundamental to developing safe artificial intelligence. © The Institution of engineering & Technology 2023.

关键词： Machine learning

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Graph Convolutional Network with Neural Inductive Matrix Completion for Predicting Disease-Related LncRNA Genes

Graph Convolutional Network with Neural Inductive Matrix Com...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2023

作者： Yang, Qiang Zhang, Shuxin Dong, Suyu Xu, Long Dong, Weihe Li, Xiaokun Sun, Pengzhong Jiang, Feng Zhang, Xianyu Luo, Gongning Northeast Forestry University College of Computer and Control Engineering Harbin China Harbin Institute of Technology School of Medicine and Health Harbin China Heilongjiang University School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin China Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin China Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital Department of Breast Surgery Harbin China King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences & Engineering Division Thuwal Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350337488

Numerous researches emphasized that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays a vital factor in various biological processes, and its mismatched expression and dysfunction are tightly linked with the occurrence of human diseases. Thus, computational models were designed to identify lncRNA-disease interactions by merging heterogeneous biological data. However, most of them neglected the intrinsic structure of multi-source information, which limits the performance for potential lncRNA-disease association prediction. Here, GCN-NIMC is introduced to alleviate the dilemma for disease-associated lncRNA genes identification based on the graph convolutional network with neural inductive matrix. This method builds a feature matrix with multi-source heterogeneous data and then learn the various information contained in the feature matrix for the sake of acquiring better feature expressions of the lncRNA-disease interactions. Experimental results on 10-repeated 5-fold cross-validation demonstrated that our proposed GCN-NIMC is superior to existing cutting-edge methods for identifying disease-related lncRNA genes. Furthermore, case studies confirmed our computational method as a practical tool with clinical benefits to develop the therapeutic schedule at lncRNA-level. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： gene identification graph convolutional network inductive matrix completion lncRNA-disease association

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An intelligent recommendation model for small batch gradient descent method

An intelligent recommendation model for small batch gradient...

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2022 International Conference on Cloud Computing, Big Data Applications and Software engineering, CBASE 2022

作者： Ye, Xiaoying Tang, Rong Ye, Xiaoyan Guangdong Neusoft Institute School of Computer Foshan528225 China Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention 400000 China Software Engineering Institute of Guangzhou 510990 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350396393

In order to solve the problems of objective function oscillation and lack of accuracy caused by random gradient descent in intelligent recommendation system, a personalized recommendation model based on small batch gradient descent method is proposed. By establishing a personalized recommendation model based on small batch gradient descent method, the model can reduce the randomness of the optimal solution of the objective function, improve the accuracy and reduce the running time, so as to improve the quality of personalized recommendation. The model is verified with the public movielens data set. The results show that the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) of the model are better than the existing algorithms. It is verified that the personalized recommendation model based on small batch gradient descent method can get better recommendation effect. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Recommender systems

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GRU-Net: Gaussian Attention Aided Dense Skip Connection Based MultiResUNet for Breast Histopathology Image Segmentation 28th

GRU-Net: Gaussian Attention Aided Dense Skip Connection Base...

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28th Annual Conference on Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, MIUA 2024

作者： Roy, Ayush Pramanik, Payel Ghosal, Sohom Valenkova, Daria Kaplun, Dmitrii Sarkar, Ram Department of Electrical Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata700032 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata700032 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering International Institute of Information Technology Chhattisgarh India Department of Automation and Control Processes Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University LETI Saint Petersburg Russia Artificial Intelligence Research Institute China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031669545

Breast cancer is a major global health concern. Pathologists face challenges in analyzing complex features from pathological images, which is a time-consuming and labor-intensive task. Therefore, efficient computer-based diagnostic tools are needed for early detection and treatment planning. This paper presents a modified version of MultiResU-Net for histopathology image segmentation, which is selected as the backbone for its ability to analyze and segment complex features at multiple scales and ensure effective feature flow via skip connections. The modified version also utilizes the Gaussian distribution-based Attention Module (GdAM) to incorporate histopathology-relevant text information in a Gaussian distribution. The sampled features from the Gaussian text feature-guided distribution highlight specific spatial regions based on prior knowledge. Finally, using the controlled Dense Residual Block (CDRB) on skip connections of MultiResU-Net, the information is transferred from the encoder layers to the decoder layers in a controlled manner using a scaling parameter derived from the extracted spatial features. We validate our approach on two diverse breast cancer histopathology image datasets: TNBC and MonuSeg, demonstrating superior segmentation performance compared to state-of-the-art methods. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Gaussian distribution

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Constructive Function Approximation with Local Models

Constructive Function Approximation with Local Models

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Mediterranean Conference on control and Automation (MED)

作者： Christos N. Mavridis Karl Henrik Johansson Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm

ISBN: (数字)9798350395440

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395457

We introduce a constructive function approximation approach as a general tool, particularly useful in adaptive and data-driven methods for perception and control. The key idea is to estimate of a collection of simple local models as opposed to a single and complex regression model trained in the entire input space. We use principles from the Online Deterministic Annealing (ODA) optimization framework to construct an adaptive partition of the input space, which enables the introduction of local function approximation models within each subset of the partition. We show that both the partitioning and the local model training algorithms are stochastic approximation algorithms that operate online, and with the same observations, as part of a two-timescale stochastic approximation scheme. This process constitutes a heuristic method to gradually increase the complexity of the function approximation framework in a task-agnostic manner, giving emphasis to regions of the input space where the regression error is high. As a result this framework has inherent explainability properties, and is suitable for continuous learning applications where regression improvement without retraining from scratch is crucial. Simulation results illustrate the properties of the proposed approach.

关键词： Training Adaptation models Simulation Stochastic processes Aerospace electronics Approximation algorithms Partitioning algorithms

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Static Deadlock Detection for Interrupt-driven Embedded Software

Static Deadlock Detection for Interrupt-driven Embedded Soft...

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Cyber-Physical Social Intelligence (ICCSI), International Conference on

作者： Yu Zhang Kaiwen Zhang Xiaofeng Li Yi Xie Jian Guan Bin Gu Guanjun Liu Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai China Beijing Control Engineering Institute Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350376739

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376746

Interrupt-driven embedded software is widely used in safety-critical systems, where any occurrence of errors can lead to serious consequences. Deadlock is a common concurrency error, and deadlock detection methods are mainly designed for multi-threaded programs. However, due to the differences in concurrency control and preemption mechanisms between interrupt-driven programs and multi-threaded programs, the existing deadlock detection methods for multi-threaded programs cannot be directly applied to interrupt-driven programs. A static deadlock detection method is proposed for interrupt-driven programs to enhance the reliability and safety of interrupt-driven embedded software. Building upon the traditional context-sensitive lockset analysis, this method takes into account the concurrent semantics of interrupts and extends the lock graph model. Our method effectively reduces false positives by analyzing the concurrent relationships of cycles in a lock graph. Based on these methods, we develop a deadlock detection tool, and experiments are conducted with it. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively detect deadlocks related to interrupts.

关键词： Concurrent computing Analytical models Semantics Buildings System recovery Software reliability Safety Social intelligence Embedded software Context modeling

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KartalOl: a new deep neural network framework based on transfer learning for iris segmentation and localization task—new dataset for iris segmentation

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Iran Journal of computer Science 2023年第4期6卷 307-319页

作者： Khiarak, Jalil Nourmohammadi Oskouei, Amin Golzari Nasab, Samaneh Salehi Jaryani, Farhang Moafinejad, Seyed Naeim Pourmohamad, Rana Amini, Yasin Noshad, Morteza Institute of Control and Computation Engineering Warsaw University of Technology Ul. Nowowiejska 15/19 Warsaw 00-665 Poland Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran School of Engineering Lorestan University Aleshtar Campus Aleshtar Iran Faculty of Engineering Arak University Arak Iran Department of Physics Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University AZ United States Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Kharazmi Tehran Iran Stanford University Stanford United States

Iris segmentation and localization in unconstrained environments are challenging due to long distances, illumination variations, limited user cooperation, and moving subjects. Some existing methods in the literature have somehow mitigated some of the above-mentioned issues. In this paper, motivated by these weaknesses, we propose a framework that employs a deep neural network-based approach to iris segmentation and localization. The proposed framework is based on a U-Net architecture initialized with a pre-trained MobileNetV2 model. In addition, to better study the detectors in iris recognition scenarios, we have collected 1000 images. The provided dataset (KartalOl) is made publicly available for the research community. In the proposed framework, to have better generalization, we fine-tuned the MobileNetV2 model on the provided data for NIR-ISL 2021 from the CASIA-Iris-Asia, CASIA-Iris-M1, and CASIA-Iris-Africa and our dataset. Likewise, data augmentation techniques are applied on images. We chose the binarization threshold for the binary masks by iterating over the images in the provided dataset. The proposed framework is trained and tested in CASIA-Iris-Asia, CASIA-Iris-M1, and CASIA-Iris-Africa, along with the KartalOl dataset. The experimental results highlight that our method surpasses state-of-the-art methods on mobile-based benchmarks. The implementation source code of KartalOl is made publicly available at https://***/Jalilnkh/KartalOl-NIR-ISL2021031301. © The Author(s) 2023.

关键词： Iris segmentation Localization MobileNetV2 model Unconstrained environment

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Communication Countermeasure Strategy Decision-Making Based on Incomplete Information Game

Communication Countermeasure Strategy Decision-Making Based ...

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International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT)

作者： Jinyue Liu Xiang Gao Haowei Yang Jihao Zhang Yuhan Liu Peng Gong National Key Laboratory of Mechatronic Engineering and Control School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China Institute of Computer Application Technology Norinco Group Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9791188428137

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507602

In modern battlefields, the stability of wireless communications is crucial for intelligence transmission, command coordination, and maintaining strategic advantage. However, with the rapid advancement of communication technologies, the electromagnetic environment has become increasingly complex, making intelligent decision-making in communication countermeasures a prominent research focus. However, most existing studies adopt deep learning and reinforcement learning methods, which require extensive data samples and computational resources. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a game-theoretic model for intelligent radio communication countermeasures under incomplete information. It quantitatively evaluates common attack and defense tactcis used in communication countermeasures and explores the mixed-strategy equilibrium of the game when both the attackers and defenders consist of multiple types. Furthermore, simulation-based comparative analyses are conducted to assess the factors influencing the utility of both the attacker and defender. The findings offer theoretical insights and decision-making support for the deployment of communication countermeasure strategies in practical military operations, contributing to significant strategic value.

关键词： Wireless communication Military communication Deep learning Decision making Games Reinforcement learning Communications technology Stability analysis Radio communication countermeasures Electromagnetics

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