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Passive sources for the Bennett-Brassard 1984 quantum-key-distribution protocol with practical signals

Physical Review A 2010年第5期82卷 052325-052325页

作者： Marcos Curty Xiongfeng Ma Hoi-Kwong Lo Norbert Lütkenhaus ETSI Telecomunicación Department of Signal Theory and Communications University of Vigo Campus Universitario E-36310 Vigo Pontevedra Spain Institute for Quantum Computing & Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control Department of Physics and Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3G4 Canada

Most experimental realizations of quantum key distribution are based on the Bennett-Brassard 1984 (the so-called BB84) protocol. In a typical optical implementation of this scheme, the sender uses an active source to produce the required BB84 signal states. While active state preparation of BB84 signals is a simple and elegant solution in principle, in practice passive state preparation might be desirable in some scenarios, for instance, in those experimental setups operating at high transmission rates. Passive schemes might also be more robust against side-channel attacks than active sources. Typical passive devices involve parametric down-conversion. In this paper, we show that both coherent light and practical single-photon sources are also suitable for passive generation of BB84 signal states. Our method does not require any externally driven element, but only linear optical components and photodetectors. In the case of coherent light, the resulting key rate is similar to the one delivered by an active source. When the sender uses practical single-photon sources, however, the distance covered by a passive transmitter might be longer than that of an active configuration.

关键词： Side channel attack

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Passive decoy-state quantum key distribution with practical light sources

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Physical Review A 2010年第2期81卷 022310-022310页

作者： Marcos Curty Xiongfeng Ma Bing Qi Tobias Moroder ETSI Telecomunicación Department of Signal Theory and Communications University of Vigo Campus Universitario E-36310 Vigo (Pontevedra) Spain Institute for Quantum Computing & Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo N2L 3G1 Waterloo Ontario Canada Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control Department of Physics and Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Toronto M5S 3G4 Toronto Ontario Canada Quantum Information Theory Group Institute of Theoretical Physics I University of Erlangen-Nürnberg D-91058 Erlangen Germany Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light D-91058 Erlangen Germany

Decoy states have been proven to be a very useful method for significantly enhancing the performance of quantum key distribution systems with practical light sources. Although active modulation of the intensity of the laser pulses is an effective way of preparing decoy states in principle, in practice passive preparation might be desirable in some scenarios. Typical passive schemes involve parametric down-conversion. More recently, it has been shown that phase-randomized weak coherent pulses (WCP) can also be used for the same purpose [M. Curty et al., Opt. Lett. 34, 3238 (2009).] This proposal requires only linear optics together with a simple threshold photon detector, which shows the practical feasibility of the method. Most importantly, the resulting secret key rate is comparable to the one delivered by an active decoy-state setup with an infinite number of decoy settings. In this article we extend these results, now showing specifically the analysis for other practical scenarios with different light sources and photodetectors. In particular, we consider sources emitting thermal states, phase-randomized WCP, and strong coherent light in combination with several types of photodetectors, like, for instance, threshold photon detectors, photon number resolving detectors, and classical photodetectors. Our analysis includes as well the effect that detection inefficiencies and noise in the form of dark counts shown by current threshold detectors might have on the final secret key rate. Moreover, we provide estimations on the effects that statistical fluctuations due to a finite data size can have in practical implementations.

关键词： Photodetectors

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Comparison of data driven models for the valuation of residential premises using KEEL

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International Journal of Hybrid Intelligent Systems 2010年第1期7卷 3-16页

作者： Lasota, Tadeusz Mazurkiewicz, Jacek Trawiński, Bogdan Trawiński, Krzysztof Department of Spatial Management Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences ul. Norwida 25/27 50-375 Wrocław Poland European Centre for Soft Computing Edificio Científico-Tecnológico 3 Planta C. Gonzalo Gutiérrez Quirós S/N 33600 Mieres Asturias Spain Institute of Computer Engineering Control and Robotics Wrocław University of Technology Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 50-370 Wrocław Poland Institute of Informatics Wrocław University of Technology Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 50-370 Wrocław Poland

The experiments aimed to compare data driven models for the valuation of residential premises were conducted using KEEL (Knowledge Extraction based on Evolutionary Learning) system. Twelve different regression algorithms were applied to an actual data set derived from the cadastral system and the registry of real estate transactions. The 10-fold cross validation and statistical tests were applied. The lowest values of MSE provided models constructed and optimized by means of support vector machine, artificial neural network, decision trees for regression and quadratic regression, however differences between them were not statistically significant. Worse performance revealed algorithms employing evolutionary fuzzy rule learning. The experiments confirmed the usefulness of KEEL as a powerful tool with its numerous evolutionary algorithms together with classical learning approaches to carry out laborious investigation on a practical problem in a relatively short time.

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Microscopic texture components classification for image segmentation

Microscopic texture components classification for image segm...

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17th European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO 2009

作者： Hoštálková, Eva Procházka, Ales Mudrová, Martina Michalcová, Alena Department of Computing and Control Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Prague Technicka 5 160 00 Prague 6 Czech Republic Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Prague Technicka 5 160 00 Prague 6 Czech Republic

The paper presents the possibility of using a sliding window for image feature extraction in order to identify image regions of interest. The study includes the comparison of feature extraction methods both in the space and frequency domains using the discrete Fourier transform and the discrete wavelet transform to achieve reliable classification results for a given application. The compactness of feature clusters is evaluated exploiting a proposed numerical criterion. In case of real image data, the clusters compactness can often be improved by employing a chosen smoothing method on the raw data. In this paper, the procedure of smoothing, feature extraction and classification is applied to microscopic images of aluminum alloys in order to isolate regions of similar properties and to study their relationship. To achieve this goal the sliding window classification results are combined and isolated misclassified subregions repaired. The proportion of misclassified regions is then used for the evaluation of the efficiency of the proposed method along with the proposed measure of cluster compactness. © EURASIP, 2009.

关键词： Discrete wavelet transforms

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Second-order Consensus for Networks of Agents with Fixed and Switching Topology

Second-order Consensus for Networks of Agents with Fixed and...

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Joint 48th IEEE Conference on Decision and control and 28th Chinese control Conference

作者： Jiahu Qin Huijun Gao Wei Xing Zheng Department of Control Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computing and Mathematics University of Western Sydney

In this paper, the consensus problems for networks of second-order agents with fixed and switching topology are *** constructing a new kind of digraph and employing a purely graph theoretical method, the convergence results for first-order consensus algorithms are extended to solve the second-order case under certain assumptions.

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A New Result on Average Consensus for Multiple Agents with Switching Topology and Communication Delay

A New Result on Average Consensus for Multiple Agents with S...

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Joint 48th IEEE Conference on Decision and control and 28th Chinese control Conference

作者： Jiahu Qin Huijun Gao Wei Xing Zheng Department of Control Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computing and Mathematics University of Western Sydney

This paper addresses the average consensus problem for directed networks of agents with both switching topology and coupling *** constructing a Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and using the idea of delay partitioning, it is shown that average consensus can be attained for appropriate time delay if the weak connectedness and balance can be maintained by the communication *** applicability of the proposed theoretical result is verified by numerical results.

关键词： agent A New Result on Average Consensus for Multiple Agents with Switching Topology and Communication Delay

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Decoupled fixed point transformation based adaptive control of the generalized 2 DOF Φ6-type Van der Pol oscillator 10

Decoupled fixed point transformation based adaptive control ...

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2009 10th European control Conference, ECC 2009

作者： Tar, Jozsef K. Rudas, Imre J. Bito, Janos F. Machado, Jose A. Tenreiro Kozlowski, Krzysztof R. Institute of Intelligent Engineering Systems John von Neumann Faculty of Informatics Budapest Tech Bécsiút 96/B BudapestH-1034 Hungary Department of Electrotechnical Engineering Institute of Engineering of Porto Rua Dr. Antonio Bernardino de Almeida Porto4200-072 Portugal Control and Systems Engineering Computing Science and Management Poznan University of Technology ul. Piotrowo 3a Poznan60-965 Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783952417393

In this paper a possible application of a novel adaptive control approach is reported that fits to the 'traditional line of thinking' according to which in the most practical cases neither very precise, nor even complete system model is needed for obtaining precise control for dynamical systems. The validity of this statement is briefly pointed out in the most popular approaches as the main idea of the Robust Sliding Mode / Variable Structure controllers, in Lyapunov's 2nd Method, and in a recently published problem tackling based on the simple geometric interpretation of the Singular Value Decomposition. In the present approach differential equations are deduced from iterative Cauchy sequences to realize adaptive control of a coupled nonlinear system in 'decoupled manner', using single dimensional projections of the 'acceleration space'. The paradigm on which the method is demonstrated is a 2 dimensional generalization of the originally single dimensional Φ6-type Van der Pol oscillator that is a popular paradigm of chaotic systems. Further possible generalizations of the novel method is outlined, too. © 2009 EUCA.

关键词： Chaotic systems

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A higher order adaptive approach to tackle the swinging problem

A higher order adaptive approach to tackle the swinging prob...

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10th International Symposium of Hungarian Researchers on Computational Intelligence and Informatics, CINTI 2009

作者： Tar, József K. Rudas, Imre J. Bitó, János F. Tenreiro Machado, José A. Kozlowski, Krzysztof R. Telematics and Communications Informatics Knowledge Centre Hungary John Von Neumann Faculty of Informatics Institute of Intelligent Engineering Systems Budapest Tech Bécsi út 96/B H-1034 Budapest Hungary Department of Electrotechnical Engineering Institute of Engineering of Porto Rua Dr. Antonio Bernardino de Almeida 4200-072 Porto Portugal Poznan University of Technology Control and Systems Engineering Computing Science and Management Piotrowo 3a 60-965 Poznan Poland

In numerous practical applications precise control of a subsystem passively connected to a precisely controllable subsystem by elastic connection is needed. As typical example is a crane carrying its payload swinging on an elastic string can be mentioned. From the point of view of control technology this task is interesting since the connected degree of freedom has little damping and it is apt to keep swinging accordingly. The traditional approaches apply the input shaping technology to assist the human operator responsible for the manipulation task. In the present paper a novel adaptive approach applying fixed point transformations based iterations having local basin of attraction is proposed for simultaneously tackle the problems originating from the imprecisions of the available dynamic model of the system to be controlled and the swinging phenomenon. In the simulation investigations presented a simple model consisting of two connected masspoints is considered: one of them can directly by controlled by control forces, the other one (in the role of the payload) is dragged by the controlled point via an elastic spring. The control considers the 4th time-derivative of the trajectory of the dragged system.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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MICROSCOPIC TEXTURE COMPONENTS CLASSIFICATION FOR IMAGE SEGMENTATION

MICROSCOPIC TEXTURE COMPONENTS CLASSIFICATION FOR IMAGE SEGM...

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European signal processing conference

作者： Eva Hostalkova Ales Prochazka Martina Mudrova Alena Michalcova Department of Computing and Control Engineering 'Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Prague Technicka 5160 00 Prague 6 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9781617388767

The paper presents the possibility of using a sliding window for image feature extraction in order to identify image regions of interest. The study includes the comparison of feature extraction methods both in the space and frequency domains using the discrete Fourier transform and the discrete wavelet transform to achieve reliable classification results for a given application. The compactness of feature clusters is evaluated exploiting a proposed numerical criterion. In case of real image data, the clusters compactness can often be improved by employing a chosen smoothing method on the raw data. In this paper, the procedure of smoothing, feature extraction and classification is applied to microscopic images of aluminum alloys in order to isolate regions of similar properties and to study their relationship. To achieve this goal the sliding window classification results are combined and isolated misclassified subregions repaired. The proportion ofmisclassified regions is then used for the evaluation of the efficiency of the proposed method along with the proposed measure of cluster compactness.

关键词： Microscopy Image segmentation Abstracts Weaving Vectors Legged locomotion Chemicals

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$H_{\bm \infty}$ Fuzzy control for Systems With Repeated Scalar Nonlinearities and Random Packet Losses

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IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems 2009年第2期17卷 440-450页

作者： Hongli Dong Zidong Wang Huijun Gao College of Electrical and Information Engineering Daqing Petroleum Institute Daqing China Space Control and Inertial Technology Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Department of Information Systems and Computing Brunei University Uxbridge Middlesex UK

This paper is concerned with the H infin fuzzy control problem for a class of systems with repeated scalar nonlinearities and random packet losses. A modified Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model is proposed in which the consequent parts are composed of a set of discrete-time state equations containing a repeated scalar nonlinearity. Such a model can describe some well-known nonlinear systems such as recurrent neural networks. The measurement transmission between the plant and controller is assumed to be imperfect and a stochastic variable satisfying the Bernoulli random binary distribution is utilized to represent the phenomenon of random packet losses. Attention is focused on the analysis and design of H infin fuzzy controllers with the same repeated scalar nonlinearities such that the closed-loop T-S fuzzy control system is stochastically stable and preserves a guaranteed H infin performance. Sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of admissible controllers, and the cone complementarity linearization procedure is employed to cast the controller design problem into a sequential minimization one subject to linear matrix inequalities, which can be readily solved by using standard numerical software. Two examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design method.

关键词： Fuzzy control Takagi-Sugeno model Fuzzy sets Nonlinear equations Nonlinear systems Recurrent neural networks Loss measurement Stochastic processes Propagation losses Performance analysis

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