The authors propose a new defined tensile stress distribution for steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) to evaluate the flexural strength of SFRC beams. It is a simplified formula based on the SFRC tensile stress – ...
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Bispecific antibodies(bsAbs)hold promises for enhanced therapeutic potential surpassing that of their parental monoclonal ***,bsAbs pose great challenges in their manufacturing,and one of the common reasons is their s...
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Bispecific antibodies(bsAbs)hold promises for enhanced therapeutic potential surpassing that of their parental monoclonal ***,bsAbs pose great challenges in their manufacturing,and one of the common reasons is their susceptibility to *** on previous studies demonstrating the functionality and potential manufacturability of Fab-scFv format bsAb,this investigation delved into the impact of environmental factors-such as pH,buffer types,ionic strength,protein concentrations,and temperatures-on its stability and the reversal of its self-associated *** acidic,low-salt conditions were found optimal,ensuring bsAb stability for 30 days even at elevated temperature of 40°***,these conditions facilitated the reversal of its self-associated aggregates to monomers during the initial 7-day incubation *** findings underscore the robustness and resilience of Fab-scFv format bsAb,further confirming its potential manufacturability despite its current absence as commercial products.
Al/Ni reactive multilayer foil(RMF)possesses excellent comprehensive properties as a promising substitute for traditional Cu bridge.A theoretical resistivity model of Al/Ni RMF was developed to guide the optimization ...
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Al/Ni reactive multilayer foil(RMF)possesses excellent comprehensive properties as a promising substitute for traditional Cu bridge.A theoretical resistivity model of Al/Ni RMF was developed to guide the optimization of ***/Ni RMF with different bilayer thicknesses and bridge dimensions were prepared by MEMS technology and electrical explosion tests were carried *** to physical and chemical reactions in bridge,the electrical explosion process was divided into 5 stages:heating of condensed bridge,vaporization and diffusion of Al layers,intermetallic combination reaction,intrinsic explosion,ionization of metal gases,which are obviously shown in measured voltage *** of interface and grain boundary scattering on the resistivity of film metal were *** on variations of substance and state,the resistivity was developed as a function of temperature at each *** explosion curves were calculated by this model at different bilayer thicknesses,bridge dimensions and capacitor voltages,which showed an excellent agreement with experimental ones.
Rechargeable aqueous zinc-iodine(Zn-I_(2))batteries are widely regarded as a promising contender for energy-storage devices,due to their intrinsic safety,low cost,and high ***,the severe shuttle effect of polyiodides ...
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Rechargeable aqueous zinc-iodine(Zn-I_(2))batteries are widely regarded as a promising contender for energy-storage devices,due to their intrinsic safety,low cost,and high ***,the severe shuttle effect of polyiodides and the large volume change of I_(2)cathode induce severe capacity loss and poor electrochemical reversibility,hindering their commercial ***,we report that the low-cost gelatinized starch(Gstarch)can be used as a bifunctional binder for Zn-I_(2)batteries to circumvent the above problems *** on both calculation and experimental data,it is demonstrated that the double-helix structure of G-starch with bothα-1,4-andα-1,6-glycosidic bonds can strongly interact with polyiodides to suppress the shuttle ***,the G-starch with multiple hydrogen-bonded cross-linking networks exhibits a much-enhanced adhesion ability and can buffer the volume expansion of active *** contrast,the traditional carboxymethyl cellulose sodium-based aqueous binder lacks these *** a result,the G-starch binder enables the aqueous Zn-I_(2)battery to achieve a high reversible capacity of212.4 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.2 A·g^(-1)after 1000 cycles and ultralong-cycling life over 48,000 cycles with 135.4 mAh·g^(-1)and 89.6%capacity retention at 2 A·g^(-1).This work develops a simple yet efficient strategy to construct highperformance Zn-I_(2)batteries.
Taking CL-20(Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane)-based aluminized explosives with high gurney energy as the research object, this research experimentally investigates the work capability of different aluminized explosive f...
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Taking CL-20(Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane)-based aluminized explosives with high gurney energy as the research object, this research experimentally investigates the work capability of different aluminized explosive formulations when driving metal flyer plates in the denotation wave propagation *** research results showed that the formulations with 43 μm aluminum(Al) powder particles(The particle sizes of Al powder were in the range of 2~43 μm) exhibited the optimal performance in driving flyer plates along the denotation wave propagation direction. Compared to the formulations with Al powder 13 μm, the formulations with Al powder 2 μm delivered better performance in accelerating metal flyer plates in the early stage, which, however, turned to be poor in the later stage. The CL-20-based explosives containing 25% Al far under-performed those containing 15% Al. Based on the proposed quasi-isentropic hypothesis, relevant isentropy theories, and the functional relationship between detonation parameters and entropy as well as Al reaction degree, the characteristic lines of aluminized explosives in accelerating flyer plates were theoretically studied, a quasi-isentropic theoretical model for the aluminized explosive driving the flyer plate was built and the calculation methods for the variations of flyer plate velocity, Al reaction degree, and detonation product parameters with time and axial positions were developed. The theoretical model built is verified by the experimental results of the CL-20-based aluminized explosive driving flyer plate. It was found that the model built could accurately calculate the variations of flyer plate velocity and Al reaction degree over time. In addition, how physical parameters including detonation product pressure and temperature varied with time and axial positions was identified. The action time of the positive pressure after the detonation of aluminized explosives was found prolonged and the downtrend of the temperature was
The majority of the projectiles used in the hypersonic penetration study are solid flat-nosed cylindrical projectiles with a diameter of less than 20 *** study aims to fill the gap in the experimental and analytical s...
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The majority of the projectiles used in the hypersonic penetration study are solid flat-nosed cylindrical projectiles with a diameter of less than 20 *** study aims to fill the gap in the experimental and analytical study of the evolution of the nose shape of larger hollow projectiles under hypersonic *** the hypersonic penetration test,eight ogive-nose AerMet100 steel projectiles with a diameter of 40 mm were launched to hit concrete targets with impact velocities that ranged from 1351 to 1877 m/*** erosion of the projectiles was observed during high-speed penetration of heterogeneous targets,and apparent localized mushrooming occurred in the front nose of recovered *** examining the damage to projectiles,a linear relationship was found between the relative length reduction rate and the initial kinetic energy of projectiles in different penetration ***,microscopic analysis revealed the forming mechanism of the localized mushrooming phenomenon for eroding penetration,i.e.,material spall erosion abrasion mechanism,material flow and redistribution abrasion mechanism and localized radial upsetting deformation ***,a model of highspeed penetration that included erosion was established on the basis of a model of the evolution of the projectile nose that considers radial upsetting;the model was validated by test data from the literature and the present *** upon the impact velocity,v0,the projectile nose may behave as undistorted,radially distorted or *** to the effects of abrasion of the projectile and enhancement of radial upsetting on the duration and amplitude of the secondary rising segment in the pulse shape of projectile deceleration,the predicted DOP had an upper limit.
The use of biodiesel mixtures has become a part of everyday life. The current implementation of B7 biodiesel at the pump and the premise that the near future will make B20 biodiesel compulsory leads to the necessity o...
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The Fabry-Pérot interferometer,a fundamental component in optoelectronic systems,offers interesting applications such as sensors,lasers,and *** this work,we show a tunable Fabry-Pérot cavity consisting of tu...
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The Fabry-Pérot interferometer,a fundamental component in optoelectronic systems,offers interesting applications such as sensors,lasers,and *** this work,we show a tunable Fabry-Pérot cavity consisting of tunable Sagnac loop reflectors(SLRs)and phase shifters based on electrostatic microelectromechanical(MEMS)*** fabrication process of the device is compatible with the standard wafer-level silicon photonics fabrication *** electrostatic actuation mechanism provides well-balanced,scalable pathways for efficient tuning *** extinction ratio of the continuously tunable SLRs’reflectivity is larger than 20 *** 2πphase shifting is achieved,and response times of all the components are less than 25μ*** actuators have extremely low static power,measuring under 20 fW and the energy needed for tuning is both below 20 pJ.
Due to the favorable interfacial stability with electrodes,excellent processability,and reasonable material cost,organic-inorganic composite solid-state electrolytes have attracted broad interests in the field of soli...
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Due to the favorable interfacial stability with electrodes,excellent processability,and reasonable material cost,organic-inorganic composite solid-state electrolytes have attracted broad interests in the field of solid-state *** this study,we have developed a solid-state composite electrolyte with polyurethane(PU)as polymer matrix and TiO_(2-x) as nanofiller(denoted as PUL-TiO_(2-x)).The block copolymer PU features alternating soft and hard segments,which offers distinct advantages due to its unique structural *** soft segment of the block copolymer facilitates the dissociation of lithium salt,enabling the conduction of Li^(+),while the rich hydrogen bond network formed by the hard segment ensures the mechanical strength of the *** profusion of Lewis acid sites on the TiO_(2-x) surface facilitates interactions with ether oxygen groups and bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide(TFSI-)anions,thereby enhancing ionic conductivity(σ)and expanding the electrochemical stability window of the ***,the PUL-TiO_(2-x) electrolyte exhibits an impressiveσof 2.19×10^(-4) S·cm^(-1) at 40℃,a Li^(+)transference number of 0.47,and an electrochemical stability window of 4.98 *** resulting LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)||Li battery demonstrates a specific capacity of 171 mAh·g^(-1) and exhibits excellent cycling stability,maintaining its performance over 270 cycles at 40℃.These findings underscore the immense potential of the PUL-TiO_(2-x) in advancing the development of high-performance all-solid-state lithium batteries.
In India, there are myriad causes for air pollution, and celebrations of a festival like Bhogi also significantly pollute the air. This study aims to analyse the air quality in the regions of Chennai, India, during th...
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